Cable wire number identifier with speech indication. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Measuring technology

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The proposed device, working in conjunction with a computer, allows you to determine the number of each wire in a cable containing from two to a hundred wires, and to find, if any, wires that are closed to each other.

In this device, there is no direct connection of the microcircuit pins with the wires of the tested cable. Voice messages about wire numbers are transmitted over the same cable. This makes it possible to check it by one person, located near the end of the cable remote from the device, to which no additional wires are required. Performing it, he uses a probe, consisting of a galvanic battery with a voltage of 9 V ("Krona", 6F22), a resistor, a capacitor and headphones in which messages are heard. The probe circuit is shown in fig. 1.

Fig. 2

The other end of the tested cable is connected to the device assembled according to the scheme shown in Fig. 2. Its XS1 connector is connected to the connector of a physical or virtual (created using a USB-COM adapter) COM port on the computer. The device does not require a separate power supply, it is powered from one of the lines of the COM port. The output connector of the computer's audio card is connected to the XS2 socket of the device.

Fig. 2

The computer program generates pulses on the DTR line of the COM port, which are fed through the inverter on the transistor VT1 to the counting input of the DD1 microcircuit, which together with the DD2 microcircuit forms a two-digit decimal counter. With the help of keys on transistors VT2-VT11, the DD1 microcircuit (units counter) alternately connects the horizontals of the 10x10 matrix from electronic keys A1-A100 to the common wire. Chip DD2 (tens counter) using keys on transistors VT12-VT31 alternately connects the matrix verticals with resistor R6 and then through resistor R5 with the CTS line of the COM port. Pulses from the outputs of 9 counter chips are fed through the DCD and DSR lines to the computer and are used for synchronization. The power supply voltage of the device comes from the RTS line of the COM port through the diode VD1 and is smoothed by the capacitor C2.

Fig. 3

All keys A1-A100 are the same and are assembled according to the scheme shown in fig. 3. With sockets nXS1 (n - key number) are connected in the order of wire numbers of one of the ends of the tested cable. The negative probe XP2 of the probe is connected to any of the wires at its other end. Thanks to the nVD1 diodes in each matrix key, it will actually be connected to the common wire of the device. The positive probe XP2 of the probe is connected to the wire whose number needs to be determined.

At that moment, when the corresponding vertical of the matrix is ​​​​connected to the resistor R6, and its horizontal - to the common wire, the transistor nVT1 will be open and the battery voltage GB1 of the probe will be supplied to the CTS line of the computer's COM port. Having discovered this, the program running in the computer will suspend the formation of counting pulses and, knowing the state of the counters DD1 and DD2, will reproduce the message stored in memory containing the wire number. Through the public keys and the wire being tested, the signal will reach the probe. The operator will hear a message on their headsets. The cable test will then continue. The message will be repeated in each of its cycles.

If several wires are closed to each other, then the numbers of each of them will be "pronounced". Therefore, before transferring the probe to another wire, you should listen to at least two messages and make sure that they contain the same number. To determine the number of the wire to which the negative probe was connected, it is enough to swap the probes.

The program that manages the check was developed and tested on a computer with the Windows XP operating system. There are no special requirements for the speed of the computer and the amount of its RAM. The folder with the executable file of the program must contain sound files named NN.wav, where NN is the number of the wire being tested from 1 to 100. Each of the files contains a phrase that is pronounced when the corresponding wire is detected. The number of such files must not be less than the number of cable wires.

The proposed device determines wire numbers with high reliability. Even if a random, noise-induced message is generated, the tester will not hear it, since it will be directed to the wrong wire of the cable to which the probe probe is connected.

The device has a modular design with a vertical arrangement of boards. They are made of foil-coated fiberglass by cutting out gaps between the sections of the foil used for mounting parts.

Fig. 4

Mounting on the board of the control module - double-sided. The drawing of its two sides is shown in fig. 4, and the location of the parts on them - in Fig. 5.

Fig. 5

On one side are counter DD1, transistors VT1-VT11, related resistors, capacitors C1 and C2. On the other - counter DD2, transistors VT12, VT14, VT16, VT18, VT20, VT22, VT24, VT26, VT28, VT30, related resistors, as well as resistors R4-R6 and diode VD1. The connections of microcircuits with the parts connected to their outputs are made mainly by jumpers made of insulated wire. There are four vias on the board, which are marked in Fig. 5 dots inside. You need to insert and solder short pieces of bare wire into them on both sides.

Fig. 6

On ten identical boards made according to the drawing in fig. 6, the keys A1-A100 are located (ten keys connected to one vertical of the matrix, each). These boards are single sided. The location of parts on one of them, containing the keys A1 - A10, is shown in fig. 7. First, transistors are mounted on the board (Fig. 7, a), and VT13 is first turned over and its conclusions are bent in the direction opposite to the factory molding. Then, as shown in Fig. 7b, diodes and resistors are mounted. Modules of other verticals are similar to those described.

Fig. 7

All transistors must have low leakage current and current transfer coefficient h_21э not less than 100. Resistors - MJ1T-0,125 or similar. Diodes KD521A can be replaced by any silicon diodes with the same or smaller overall dimensions. Capacitors used ceramic for surface mounting with an operating voltage of at least 10 V.

If your computer does not have a COM port, you can use a USB to COM adapter to communicate with it. Such adapters are produced by many companies, but you should not buy the cheapest one. It may malfunction.

The program for the device was written using the Delphi 7 programming development system. The BComPort component serving the COM port was found on the Internet at delphi7.do.am/index/0-2. The sound was recorded from a microphone using Windows XP. Power Sound Editor Free free-sound-editor.com/download.html was used to prepare the sound files. For work, it is important that the sound files are in the same folder as the program executable file.

Before starting the program, you must connect the device to the computer's COM port or through a USB-COM adapter to its USB port, as well as to the computer's audio output. To sockets 1XS1 - 100XS1 are connected in the order of numbers (if they are known) or in random order the wires of one end of the cable under test. Having launched the program, you should connect the negative probe of the probe to any wire at the opposite end of the cable and, touching the other wires with the positive probe, listen to messages about their numbers (more precisely, about the numbers of the device sockets to which they are connected). At the same time, the same numbers will appear on the computer screen along with the duration of the generated voice messages. To get the number of the wire to which the negative probe was connected, just touch it with the positive probe, after transferring the negative to any other wire.

A computer program that determines the cable wire numbers can be downloaded from ftp://ftp.radio.ru/pub/2014/03/wirenum.zip.

Author: V. Aksenov

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