Five level voltmeter. Scheme, description

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ENCYCLOPEDIA OF RADIO ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
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Five level voltmeter. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

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Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Measuring technology

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Dial indicators are increasingly being replaced by LEDs. And this is not surprising: the latter are much more convenient and reliable than the former. The circuit of a simple five-level low-frequency voltmeter for a voltage of 0,1-0,6 V, in which LEDs serve as indicators, was published in the Funkamateur magazine.

(click to enlarge)

If the signal applied to sockets X2, X3 exceeds the voltage of 0,1 V, transistors V2, V4 open and, as a result, LED B1 lights up. When the signal rises to 0,2 V, the semiconductor triode V6 opens and LED B2 flashes. When the signal voltage reaches approximately 0,6 V, all LEDs light up.

LEDs are usually arranged vertically "in a column" resembling a thermometer. As the voltage increases, the height of the luminous column also increases, clearly displaying the signal level.

A voltmeter is connected to a low-power device through an emitter matching stage V1, applying a signal to socket X1.

In a voltmeter, instead of foreign semiconductor devices, domestic ones can be used: transistors KT306, KT312 or KT315, diodes D219, D220, LEDs AL102A - AL102G, choosing the resistances of resistors R3, R5, R7, R9, R11.

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