Voice informant Gnome. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Digital technology

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The purpose of this publication is to introduce readers to a currently little-known group of devices - speech informants. The principle of their operation is to reproduce voice messages recorded earlier, when exposed to the control inputs of the device. The production of speech informants became possible due to the wide distribution and availability of modern element base - digital microcircuits of small and medium degrees of integration of CMOS - series, as well as inexpensive PROMs with a capacity of 2 Kbytes and higher. The scope of devices is quite wide - "stuffing" for toys, apartment "talking" calls, solid-state telephone answering machines, etc. The principles of digital sound processing are quite well described in [1], so we will not dwell on them.

The attention of readers is invited to the automobile version of the informant - a speech indicator of the operation of the direction indicators of the car, accompanying the inclusion of the indicator lamps with the words "left" and "right" - depending on the direction of the turn, called by the author "Gnome" - an invisible assistant to the driver or instructor of a driving school (Fig. 1) .

(click to enlarge)

The device works as follows: after applying the supply voltage +12 V, the clock generator starts to work on 2 elements DD1. At the inputs of the device "1" and "2" - 0 V, so the counter DD2 is blocked at the input R. The PROM chip DD3 is in the "not selected" state, and its outputs are in a high-impedance state.

With the arrival at one of the inputs of the device of voltage + 12 V from the switched on group of lamps of direction indicators with a signal from. output DD1.3 unlocked counter DD2 and selected PROM DD3. The logical "1" signals from the outputs Q0 or Q1 of the PROM, depending on which input the device is started on, hold the selected state until a logical "0" arrives at the outputs Q0 and Q1 of the PROM simultaneously. It is necessary to give a complete output of the message, even if the trigger level +12 V at inputs "1" or "2" is removed.

The message itself is selected by a signal at the input A10 PROM - the younger or older half of the array. Bits Q2...Q7 of the PROM contain the instantaneous values ​​of the audio signal in binary code. Address enumeration is carried out with a frequency of about 1,9 kHz, which ensures the generation of two messages with a duration of about 0,5 s each.

The information from the Q2...Q7 outputs of the PROM is converted by a simple DAC in the form of a set of resistors with a nominal ratio of 1:2:4:8:16:32 into an analog speech signal, which is fed to the ULF input to VT1...VT3 through the R13C5 chain, determines the timbre of the sound and its volume. Element C8 suppresses the harmonics of the clock frequency and forms the treble tone. The DA1 stabilizer supplies a stable voltage of +5 V to the D01 ... DD3 microcircuits

Details:
DD1 - K561LE5; instead of DD2 K561IE16, you can use 2 K561IE10 with a change in the switching circuit; DD3 - K573RF2(5) or its equivalent 2716; DA1 - KR142EN5A(B); diode VD1 - any low-power silicon; VD2 - any for a current of 300-500 mA; resistors - type MLT-0,25 with a tolerance of 5%, it is only important to ensure as accurately as possible (< 2%) the ratio of the DAC elements in the highest three digits (R7 ... R9) specified above. Transistor VT1 - any low-power npn with V-50 ... 100; VT2 and VT3 can be replaced by GT404 and GT402, respectively. Capacitors C1 ... C5, C8 - type KM5. KM6, K10-7 or similar; C6 and C7 - type K50-6, K50-16, K50-35. Dynamic head VA1 - 0? 5GDSH-2-8 Ohm or 0.25GDSH-2-50 Ohm.

Device setup they start with ULF, setting the voltage at point K equal to 44 V by selecting R1. By selecting the VD2 diode, they achieve the absence of a "step" with a small signal. Then, by selecting R68, the period of the clock generator signal is set to 70 ... 1 μs, controlling it with an oscilloscope. By applying a voltage of +2 V to the input "12" or "2", they are convinced of the removal of the blocking level from the input R DD2 and the issuance of messages. By selecting R3, the required rate of issuing a message is set. Rl 5 - volume, C8 and CXNUMX - bass and treble tone, respectively, for your type of dynamic head and its acoustic design.

Author's version assembled on a printed circuit board 50x95 mm (Fig. 2) and placed in a 125x100x28 mm aluminum alloy case. M / circuit DA1 and transistors VT2 and VT3 do not need heat sinks, because. in silent mode, the device consumes no more than 40 mA, and when issuing a message - up to 250 mA.

The ROM encoding is given in Table 2 (see the ROM firmware file below). When using other parts, for example, when replacing the K561IE16 counter, pay attention to the connection of the 2 least significant digits of the counter and ROM, which is done "crosswise", i.e. ROM addresses are selected in the following order: 0-2-1-3-4-6-5-7-..., which is done to simplify PCB tracing and is accordingly taken into account in the ROM firmware table.

The described informant also has a variant with four messages (m / circuits K561LA7 and K573RF2 are added - one each) with a different printed circuit board and firmware modification.

The codegram size limit of 2 KB is not fundamental, it is simply the capacity of the cheapest and most accessible ROM. The codograms were prepared by the author using a simple prefix to the PC "Baltik" based on a high-speed ADC of the K1108PV1 type and software of his own design.

ROM firmware file (2 kb)

Literature:

1. D. Lukyanov. Music of zeros and ones. Radio, 1985, No. 5, pp. 42-44; No. 6, p.40-42; No. 8, p.6-38; No. 9, pp. 36-39.

Author: E. Zhukov, Bryansk region, Dyatkovo; Publication: N. Bolshakov, rf.atnn.ru

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