Electric meter connection. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering
Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Electric meters
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Installation and connection of the electric meter does not cause difficulties. The shield with the meter must be installed on four rollers (at the corners of the shield) in the room, near the place where the electrical wiring from the common apartment meter passes. You need to connect the electric meter according to the diagram below (Fig. 1).
Checking the counter
Accounting for electricity consumed by all appliances and lamps available in the apartment is made by electricity meters. According to their testimony, the payment for the use of electricity is calculated.
If there are doubts about the correctness of the meter readings, it can be easily checked.
To do this, you must first of all disconnect from the network all the lamps, appliances, radios in the apartment and make sure that the counter disk, which is visible in the viewing window, does not rotate. If the disk continues to rotate, then this means that the device has not been turned off somewhere. It must be turned off, otherwise you will not check the counter.
Counters are different. Some of them take into account the consumption of electricity in kilowatt-hours (kwh), others are in hectowatt-hours (GWh). The plate of each meter indicates how many revolutions of the disk correspond to the consumption of one kilowatt-hour and hectowatt-hour of electricity.
For example, a meter label might say: "1 GWh=300 disc revolutions" or "I kWh = 5 disc revolutions".
To check the counter, you need to know how much energy corresponds to one revolution of the disk. This value is denoted by Ss. Obviously, if the counter is indicated. 1 kWh = 5 disk revolutions, then its Ssh \u1d 5000 / XNUMX kWh.
If the counter indicates that 1 GW-h = 300 disk revolutions, then this counter has av = 1 / 300 GWh.
When checking such a meter, the value of Ssh must be expressed in kilowatt-hours. Since 1 kWh \u10d 1 GWh, then Cst \u3000d XNUMX: XNUMX kWh. Having found out all these data, you can begin to check the counter.
It is best to use electric bulbs for testing. It is necessary to turn on one or two lamps with a total power of 75-100 watts (W) and within 5 minutes (5: 0,6-hours) calculate the number of revolutions of the disk along the red line.
The energy consumption of lamps is determined by the formula A1= 5 : 60 x R,
where А1-actual electricity consumption in kilowatt-hours; Р - the power of the switched on lamps in kilowatts (kW}.
Typically, the power of lamps is indicated on their caps in watts, so it must be converted to kilowatts, based on the fact that 1 kW \u1000d XNUMX watts.
For example, 75 watts = 0,075 kW, 25 watts = 0,025 kW.
The energy consumption shown by the meter is determined as follows:
A2 \uXNUMXd Csch x N.
where A2, - electricity consumption in kilowatt-hours; Ссч - electricity consumption in kilowatt-hours during one revolution
counter disk;
N - the number of revolutions of the disc in 5 minutes.
If A1 = A2, then the counter is working correctly. However, for household meters, an error not exceeding 4% is permissible. If the difference between the calculated values of A1 and A2
more than 4%, then the meter readings can be considered incorrect.
Example
The network includes two lamps with a power of 55 and 75 watts. The counter disk during the control measurement made 5 revolutions in 60 minutes. The meter label indicates that 1 GWh = 558 disk revolutions, i.e., Csc \u1d 558: 1 GWh, or 5580: XNUMX kWh. Let's determine the actual consumption of electricity used for
burning lamps.
The power of the lamps is: 55 W + 75 W \u130d 0,13 W \u5d XNUMX kW. Within XNUMX minutes, these two lamps should consume electricity:
A1= 5 : 60 x 0,13 = 0,01 kWh.
Energy consumption shown at the same time by the meter.
A2 \u1d 5800: 60 x 0,01 \uXNUMXd XNUMX kWh.
A1 = A2.
Therefore, the counter shows correctly.
Setting the check meter
To account for the consumption of electricity in each apartment, only one meter is installed, which is under the control of Energosbyt. However, in cases where several tenants live in an apartment and each of them uses various household electrical appliances, sometimes it is difficult to pay for the use of electricity. Therefore, many tenants install so-called control meters in their rooms. Such meters are not controlled by the Energy Sales Organizations, but serve to account for the electricity consumed by individual residents and ensure the correct calculation between them. Control meters are sold in the distribution network both separately and mounted on a shield along with cork fuses. The meters are designed for a certain voltage (127 or 220 V) and for a certain electric current (5 or 10 A). If you have household electrical appliances, you should purchase a meter for 10 A and for the voltage that is available in the apartment.
Publication: cxem.net
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