Power regulator for heaters. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering
Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Power regulators, thermometers, heat stabilizers
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Many people use household electric stoves, as well as other electric heating devices. Some of them, such as the Rossiyanka two-burner electric stove, have thermoelectric heating controllers. The thermostat not only saves energy, but also makes the cooking process more convenient.
Thermoelectric regulators have low reliability and require periodic repair or adjustment. To get rid of these worries will help the circuit of the electronic power controller (Fig. 1). The circuit allows you to smoothly control the heating of two heaters with a power of 2 kW each.
Rice. 1. Blocks of the power regulator circuit: A1 - control unit, A2 - switching unit, A3 - timer, EK1 and EK2 - heating elements.
The use of contactless electronic power control in the load not only increases the reliability of the entire device, but also makes it easy to supplement the circuit with a timer (A3), which can turn off the heater (EK2) after a specified time interval. The timer circuit (A3) is not shown - it can be any of those published in the literature.
For the convenience of placing the thermostat inside the body of the tile, the circuit is structurally made in the form of two nodes on boards with dimensions of 155x55 mm (schemes A1 and A3 are best placed on the same board).
The electrical circuit of the control unit (Fig. 2) is assembled on single-junction transistors and is typical. The load is switched using powerful thyristors VS1 and VS2. The circuit elements are selected with a significant operating current margin, taking into account their possible placement (without a radiator) close to the heating elements.
Fig.2. Electrical diagram of the control unit
The installation of the power circuits of the circuit (block A2) is carried out with a wire with a cross section of at least 2,5 square meters. mm in heat-resistant insulation.
The device uses variable resistors R1 and R2 of the PPB-15G type, the rest are of the C2-23 type. Capacitors C1 ... C4 type K73-9 for 100 V.
As fuses F1, F2, you can use jumpers made of copper wire with a diameter of 0,3 mm. Varistor RU1 is designed to protect circuit elements from short-term power surges and can be used as CH1-1 for 560 V.
The circuit is tuned by resistors R3 and R7 to obtain the maximum voltage in the load at zero value of resistors R1 and R2. Due to the large technological variation in the parameters of unijunction transistors, sometimes it may also be necessary to select capacitors C1 and C3.
See other articles Section Power regulators, thermometers, heat stabilizers.
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