Iron thermostat. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering
Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Power regulators, thermometers, heat stabilizers
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Without a doubt, a vegetable box is a good and necessary device in a city apartment. I am writing about this with knowledge of the matter, since I myself have been storing vegetables on the balcony in a thermostat for two years in a row. The results are excellent: everything that I put in a container in the fall is stored until spring.
I made the container in the form of a box measuring 800x800x1500 mm from 30mm plywood and wooden racks - bars with a section of 30x30 mm. Outside, the box was insulated with sheets of foam rubber XNUMX mm thick (the bottom was left without insulation).
Inside, on a base 100 mm high (from boards attached to the side walls), I laid boards with a section of 147x10 mm. Holes Ø 15 mm on the boards, as well as ten-millimeter gaps between them, are for air circulation.
As a heater, I used two insulated spirals from an electric iron connected in series. He laid them on the bottom of a frame welded from channels and resting on corners screwed to a heat-insulating textolite plate.
To improve air circulation, I attached a tin air duct to the back wall, starting 30 mm from the bottom and ending 10 mm from the lid. It has a thermostat sensor.
The lid of the container is also knocked down from plywood and wooden bars. Only it is insulated not with foam rubber, but with foam plastic 30 mm thick. The hinged part is connected to the fixed part of the lid by window hinges.
The entire container is covered on the outside with a polyethylene film to protect it from rain and snow.
Rice. 1. Drawer dimensions
Rice. Fig. 2. Construction of the container (the front wall of the box with insulation is conventionally not shown): 1 - bottom, 2 - heater spiral, 3 - heater, 4 - corner, 5 - textolite board, 6 - side walls of the box, 7 - wooden racks, 8 - foam sheets, 9 - thermistor, 10 - rear wall, 11 - foam, 12 - air duct, 13 - cover walls, 14 - hinges, 15 - handle, 16 - hinged part of the cover, 17 - holes Ø 15 mm, 18 - deck boards , 19 - support bar
Rice. 3. Schematic diagram of the thermostat
At first, I was afraid that the potatoes would freeze near the walls of the box, and on the floorboards, on the contrary, they would sprout from excessive heat. However, nothing of the kind happens, the temperature in the entire volume of the container is kept quite stable.
The thermostat is assembled on the basis of a simple electronic circuit that does not contain scarce parts. However, its temperature accuracy is so high that the container can be used as an incubator in summer.
I have a thermostat power supply - with a 220x12 V transformer (TVK-70 or TVK-110).
To increase the power of the heater with a large container load or at a very low temperature outside, I introduced switch S1 into the circuit. Haven't had to use them yet. You can control the operation of the thermostat by neon lights: H1 indicates that the heater is on, and H2 is turned off and is working. The glow or "silence" of both bulbs at the same time indicates some kind of malfunction.
The required temperature is set by a variable resistor R3.
Outwardly, my container, of course, loses to the "cellar" of A. Rozhdestvensky, but it is easier to make it at home.
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