Automatic lighting in the toilet. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering
Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Lighting
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It often happens when someone in the household forgets to turn off the light in the toilet behind him - he can burn there for many hours without use. A simple automatic device is proposed, which, when necessary, turns on the light in the toilet, and when it is not necessary, turns it off. The electrical circuit of such a device is shown in Figure 1. It contains: a low-power transformer T1, a rectifier VD1 - VD4, a filter capacitor C1, two limit switches SB1 and SB2, a relay K1. How does the device work and how does it perform its functions?
When the door is closed, the limit switch SB2 is open, as is the relay K1, the light does not light up in this position in the toilet.
We open the door - the limit switch SB2 closes the relay K1 and the lamp lights up.
Entering the toilet, we close the door on the latch behind us. In this case, the second limit switch SB1 is closed, the relay is activated and remains closed; the light will remain on until this limit switch opens.
Figures 2 and 4 show a foot made of 0,5 mm thick sheet metal that presses the limit switch SB2. The heel is fixed on the door in such a way that even if the door is not completely closed (which happens quite often), the switch opens the relay circuit. The light will go out.
Figure 3 shows an industrial production limit switch. Any similar one having a normally closed contact can be used as it. To improve the reliability of the device, the contact is equipped with a pressure flag made of the same 0,5 mm sheet as the heel. Getinax is glued to its lower part, facing the heel (textolite is also possible).
Rice. 1. Schematic diagram of the device for automatically turning off the light in the toilet
Rice. 2. Limit switch SB1 - latch
is. 3. Limit switch SB2: 1-reed switch (industrial production); 2 - axis; 3 - flag (steel sheet s0,5); 4-lining (getinaks s3); 5 - contacts (3 pieces); 6-wires (3 pcs.)
Rice. 4. Heel (steel sheet s0,5): a - development; b - general view
The limit switch SB1, as the reader probably already guessed, is a latch. Its metal parts are connected by conductors to the device circuit. Since the voltage on the parts of the latch does not exceed 9 V DC, it is completely safe for humans.
A step-down transformer can be taken from an old mobile phone - the one that was used to charge it. When using a reed relay RES64A (724) or RES55A (601), the power consumption of the transformer will not exceed half a watt.
When installing the device, electrical safety measures must be observed. All connections of the device to the network can only be made with a de-energized line. Since apartments, as a rule, have two independent lines, you can illuminate the workplace with a portable lamp connected to another line.
Authors: Ya.Partin, L.Partina, Yekaterinburg
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