Capacitive relay for lighting control. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering
Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Lighting
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In frequently visited rooms, to save energy, it is convenient to use a capacitive relay to control lighting. When entering the room, if it is necessary to turn on the light, they pass near the capacitive sensor, which sends a signal to the capacitive relay, and the lamp turns on. Leaving the room, if you need to turn off the light, pass near the capacitive sensor to turn off, and the relay turns off the lamp. In standby mode, the device draws about 2 mA of current.
The schematic diagram of the capacitive relay is shown in the figure.
(click to enlarge)
The device according to the scheme is similar to a time relay, in which the timing node is replaced by a trigger on the logic elements DD1.1, DD1.2. When the toggle switch S1 is turned on, a current will flow through the HL1 lamp if a high-level voltage is supplied to the base of the transistor VT1 from the output of the DD1.1 element. Transistor VT1 is open at the same time, and trinistor VD6 opens at the beginning of each half-cycle of voltage. The trigger switches from the capacitive leakage current when a person approaches a certain distance to one of the capacitive sensors, if before that he switched from approaching to another. When the high-level voltage at the base of the transistor VT1 changes to a low-level voltage, the trinistor VD6 closes and the lamp goes out.
Capacitive sensors E1 and E2 are segments of a coaxial cable (for example, RK-100, IKM-2), from the free end of which a screen is removed for a length of about 0,5 m. It is not necessary to remove the insulation from the center wire. The edge of the screen must be insulated. The sensors can be attached to the door frame. The length of the unshielded part of the sensors and the resistance of the resistors R5. R6 is selected when setting up the device so. so that the trigger switches reliably when a person passes at a distance of 5...10 cm from the sensor.
When setting up the device, precautions must be taken, since the elements of the device are under mains voltage.
Author: S. Lobkovich, Minsk
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