Greenhouse with bioheating. Scheme, description

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ENCYCLOPEDIA OF RADIO ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
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Greenhouse with bioheating. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

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Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Alternative energy sources

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Greenhouses for growing seedlings, early vegetables and flowers are very popular with gardeners and gardeners. Making a greenhouse is not difficult with your own hands.

The simplest greenhouse is a lean-to, deepened into the ground, with biological heating. For its construction, a dry, well-lit and sheltered place is chosen. It is desirable that it be a low slope with a south direction. To protect the greenhouse from the wind, green spaces, fences or special reflective screens that are arranged on the north side can serve. Particularly handy are the swivel flat screens, painted in white, which make the most of the solar energy. Backlighting with reflected light increases the temperature in the beds by 2-3 °, which is equivalent to transferring your site, for example, from the Moscow region to the black earth regions of the country: Lipetsk or Voronezh.

Construction begins with a strapping device around the perimeter of a greenhouse of four sanded logs with a diameter of 10-14 cm. The north side of the strapping should be slightly higher than the south. On the south side, a groove (quarter) is selected in the harness to stop the frames.

Greenhouse with bioheating

The pit is dug to a depth of 70 cm. In diameter, it has the shape of a trapezoid. In dense soils, the walls can not be fixed, and in loose and floating soils, fastening with horizontal boards is used. To prevent the greenhouse from being washed away by rains, a drainage groove is arranged around it, which can be closed with wooden shields that facilitate approaches.

Frames for a greenhouse are most convenient with a size of 160x105 cm. They are made from 6x6 cm bars, connected with wooden pins for strength, and then properly stained with weatherproof varnish PF-166 ("6 = s"). Glasses are reinforced with putty or glazing bead. To drain rainwater, grooves are sawn in the lower bindings.

Biofuel in greenhouses is horse or cow dung. Horse is considered the best, it gives more heat. Harvest it in the fall. Manure is collected in piles and carefully insulated on all sides with straw, sawdust, peat and covered so that the manure does not freeze. In the spring, before stuffing the greenhouse, it is transferred to another, looser stack and warmed up. To do this, make several holes in it and pour a bucket of hot water into each, after which the stack is covered with burlap or matting. After two to four days, when the manure warms up to a temperature of 50-60 °, a greenhouse is stuffed with it. A colder one is laid at the bottom, and a hot one is placed on top and from the sides. After sedimentation, after two or three days, a new portion is added. The manure should lie loosely, and only at the walls it is necessary to slightly compact it so that voids do not form.

After stuffing, the greenhouse is covered with frames and mats made of matting, straw or burlap. From above, on the heated manure, soil is poured - garden or soddy soil, compost or fertilized peat. On average, one frame needs 0,2 cubic meters. m of land. It is not recommended to exceed this amount, since under the weight of the earth the manure is compacted, air flow to it is difficult, and it stops burning. For the same reason, do not over-moisten the soil.

A greenhouse of even such a simple design will make it possible to grow vegetables much ahead of schedule.

Author: Yu.Proskurin

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