Zeroing. Scheme, description

ENCYCLOPEDIA OF RADIO ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
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Zeroing. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

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Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Grounding and grounding

Previously, all over the world - from America to Australia - a protection system was used based on connecting non-current-carrying conductive parts (cases) of equipment to the ground and a grounded source neutral.

Traditionally this system was called:

"nulling" in Russia;
"Nullung" in Germany and Austria;
PME (protective multiple earthing) in England;
MEN (multiple earthed neutral) in Australia, etc.

Her protective action is based on the principle of achieving "zero" potential on the body, i.e. equal to the ground potential, due to repeated grounding and connection of non-current-carrying parts to the neutral. Zeroing, despite a number of shortcomings, for many years served and continues to serve as the main electrical protective tool in millions of electrical installations around the world and, of course, saved many, many human lives.

The TN-S and TN-CS systems are widely used in European countries - Germany, Austria, France, etc. In the TN-S system, all open conductive parts of the electrical installation of the building are connected by a separate zero protective conductor PE directly to the grounding device of the power source.

When installing electrical installations, the rules prescribe the use of yellow-green striped insulation for the protective conductor (PE).

In the TN-CS system in the input switchgear of the electrical installation, the combined zero protective and zero working conductor PEN is divided into zero protective PE and zero working N conductors.

The neutral protective conductor PE is connected to all exposed conductive parts and can be grounded multiple times, while the neutral conductor N must not be connected to earth.

In electrical installations with TN-S and TN-CS grounding systems, the electrical safety of the consumer is ensured not by the systems themselves, but by residual current devices (RCD)operating more efficiently in combination with these grounding systems and a potential equalization system.

Attention! Actually, the grounding systems themselves - without RCDs, do not provide the necessary safety.

For example, in the event of an insulation breakdown on the body of an electrical appliance and in the absence of an RCD, this consumer is disconnected from the network only by overcurrent protection devices - automatic switches or fuse links.

Author: Koryakin-Chernyak S.L.

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