Symbols of power cables. Scheme, description

ENCYCLOPEDIA OF RADIO ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
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Power cables. Symbols of power cables. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

Free technical library

Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Electrician's Handbook

Power cables consist of one, three or four single- or multi-wire copper or aluminum conductors, insulated from each other and the environment with impregnated paper, rubber or plastic insulation, sealed with lead, aluminum, plastic or rubber sheaths and protected, as a rule, by steel armor tapes or galvanized steel wire, as well as protective anti-corrosion coatings.

Cable core insulations are made of paper tapes impregnated with oil rosin, polyvinyl chloride plastic compound, polyethylene, cross-linked polyethylene, rubber.

The range of alternating operating voltage, for which power cables are manufactured, is in the range from 660 V to 500 kV. The magnitude of the operating voltage affects the design of the cables.

The letter designation determines the design of cables, their armor, protective sheaths and covers. Cables with aluminum conductors are designated with the letter A. The presence of copper conductors in the cable marking is not highlighted.

For example: AABv - cable with aluminum conductors with impregnated paper insulation, in an aluminum sheath, under steel tape armor with a protective sheath pressed out of polyvinyl chloride; SB - cable with impregnated paper insulation with copper conductors, in a lead sheath (C), with armor made of steel tapes (B), with protective covers made of cable, yarn impregnated with bitumen; ASB - the same as SB, but with aluminum conductors; AAB - the same as ASB, but with an aluminum shell.

The main letter designations of cables and their meanings are given in table. 6.1.

Table 6.1. Cable codes

Symbols for power cables

Power cable cores available in single and multiwire. In the marking of cables with a single-wire core, the designation "ozh" is added. The cores are made in a round shape for single-core and three-core cables in separate metal sheaths of all sections and multi-core with belt insulation with a section up to 16 mm2 inclusive. Cores with a cross section of 25 mm2 or more for multi-core cables with belt insulation are made in a segment or sector shape. Aluminum conductors of power cables with a cross section of 6-240 mm2 and copper conductors with a cross section of 6-50 mm2 are made solid single-wire. Accordingly, aluminum with a cross section of 70-800 mm2 and copper with a cross section of 25-800 mm2 are stranded.

Stranded copper and aluminum conductors of segment and sector shape are compacted during the manufacturing process. Power cables with insulation from paper tapes impregnated with oil-rosin composition are made in accordance with GOST 18410-73. For vertical or steep cable runs, cables with depleted impregnated insulation or insulation with non-draining impregnating composition (GOST 18409-73) are used. Cables with plastic insulation for voltages of 0,66-6 kV are manufactured in accordance with GOST 16442-80. As insulation for single-core cables for voltages of 10, 35 and 110 kV, vulcanized polyethylene is used (cables of the APAV, APVP, APvPs brands). The voltage between the core and the grounded screen is 5,8, respectively; 20 and 64 kV.

Author: Koryakin-Chernyak S.L.

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