The structure of the LED. Scheme, description

ENCYCLOPEDIA OF RADIO ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
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LEDs. The structure of the LED. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

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Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / LEDs

The most common LED design is the traditional 5mm package. Of course, this is not the only option for "packaging" the crystal. On fig. Figure 4.1 shows the structure of a traditional 5mm LED.

The LED has two outputs - anode и cathode. An aluminum parabolic reflector (reflector) is located on the cathode. Outwardly, it looks like a bowl-shaped recess, on the bottom of which a light-emitting crystal is placed. Active element - a semiconductor single crystal - in most modern 5 mm LEDs it is used in the form of a cube (chip) with dimensions of 0,3x0,3x0,25 mm, containing p-n or heterojunction and ohmic contacts.

LED structure
Rice. 4.1. The structure of a traditional 5mm LED

The crystal is connected to the anode with a gold wire jumper. An optically transparent polymer body, which is simultaneously a focusing lens, together with a reflector, determine the radiation angle (directional pattern) of the LED.

Author: Koryakin-Chernyak S.L.

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