Determinant of the pinout of transistors. Scheme, description

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ENCYCLOPEDIA OF RADIO ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
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Determinant of the pinout of transistors. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

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Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Beginner radio amateur

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The journal "Radio" published an article by M. Erofeev "A device for determining the pinout of transistors" [1]. The device is quite simple, but it can be further simplified if we take into account that the structure of the transistor and the output of the base can be easily determined with an ohmmeter or avometer.

The described prefix (Fig. 1) allows you to determine the conclusions of the collector and emitter, if the structure of the transistor is known and the conclusion of its base has already been found.

Determinant of pinout of transistors

The work on determining the conclusions of the transistor is divided into two stages. First, the transistor structure and the base terminal are determined, and then the collector and emitter terminals are determined.

Following the method described in [2], the determination of the base output and the structure of the transistor is carried out using an ohmmeter. They do it this way: set the ohmmeter to the limit "x10" and alternately connect its probes to pairs of leads, moving in a circle. Having discovered at the next connection that the resistance between the terminals is small (hundreds of ohms), they transfer the negative probe of the ohmmeter to the remaining free third terminal. If the ohmmeter also detects low resistance, then the terminal to which the positive probe of the ohmmeter is connected is the base, and the structure of the transistor is n-p-n.

In the event that a large resistance is recorded, the probes are interchanged. After making sure of a sharp decrease in resistance, they come to the conclusion that the base of the transistor is the terminal to which the negative probe of the ohmmeter is connected, and the transistor itself has a p-n-p structure.

After that, by connecting the output of the base of the transistor under test to the socket X2 of the set-top box and setting the switch SA1 to the position of an already defined structure, the remaining outputs of the transistor are connected in turn to the remaining sockets.

When the transistor collector is connected to the X1 socket, the HL1 LED lights up brightly. When an emitter is connected to this socket, the LED will either not glow at all, or it will glow dimly.

The SB1 button is used when testing high power transistors or transistors with a high base current transfer coefficient, when the difference in the brightness of the LED glow with different transistor connections is small and it is difficult to correctly determine the pinout.

The attachment uses the following parts: switch SA1 - P2K with fixation, with four groups of contacts and twelve outputs. Button SB 1 - without fixation. Resistors are suitable MLT, S2-33.

The HL1 LED is suitable for any of the AL307 series. The power supply can have a constant voltage of 3 to 5 V.

The author mounted the attachment parts on a small board made of insulating material (Fig. 2).

Literature

Erofeev M. A device for determining the pinout of transistors. - Radio, 2001, No. 8, p. 57.
Kandalintsev B. How to determine the pinout of a bipolar transistor. - Radio, 2000, No. 4, p. 58.

Author: R. Yareshko, Ukraine, Kharkov

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