Power regulators on the chip KR1182PM1. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Power regulators, thermometers, heat stabilizers

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This specialized microcircuit includes two analogues of the trinistor and a device for controlling their operation. The microcircuit is designed to work in power regulators, some of which are described in the article.

As noted in the article by I. Nemich "Chip KR1182PM1 - phase power regulator"("Radio", 1999, No. 7, pp. 44-46), this interesting semiconductor device is capable of operating at a mains voltage of 80 ... 276 V and controlling a load with a power of up to 150 W at a maximum current through it of up to 1,2 A These parameters should be guided by when designing power regulators.

To build one of the power regulators, which provides a smooth change in the brightness of the lighting lamp, you will need, in addition to the microcircuit, four additional parts: two capacitors, a variable resistor and a switch (Fig. 1). When the contacts of the SA1 switch are closed (i.e., with pins 3 and 6 of the microcircuit closed), the EL1 lamp does not light. When the contacts are open, the brightness of the lamp is smoothly controlled by a variable resistor - it will be maximum in the upper position of the engine according to the scheme.

If the lamp is turned off (for example, by switch SA1), the microcircuit remains energized, which, of course, is undesirable. The way out is to install a separate switch in the circuit of one of the network wires (then there is no need for SA1), the contacts of which must be designed for switching the load used and the mains voltage.

By introducing another capacitor into the device (Fig. 2), it will be possible to obtain a power regulator with smooth switching on and off of the lamp. When the switch contacts are closed, the lamp does not light. When the contacts open, the charging of the capacitor C3 begins and the lamp will light up smoothly. With the subsequent closing of the switch contacts, the capacitor is discharged to the resistor R1, the brightness of the lamp gradually decreases. The duration of ignition and extinguishing of the lamp depends on the capacitance of the capacitor. The resistance of the resistor in this device must not exceed the value indicated in the diagram.

As you probably guessed, to control the power on the load, you need to change the resistance between pins 3 and 6. This allows you to use other options for solving the problem. For example, connect a diode optocoupler to the indicated outputs (Fig. 3).

When the emitting diode of the optocoupler is de-energized, the lamp does not light. By passing the appropriate current through the diode, it will be possible to set the desired brightness of the lamp. A device with a transistor optocoupler works similarly (Fig. 4).

This construction provides galvanic isolation between the regulator and the source of the control electrical signal.

And if you need to manage a more powerful load than the microcircuit allows? Then you will have to use the option (Fig. 5), in which the microcircuit will control the triac VS1, and already it will control the load EL1 with a power of up to a kilowatt. To control more power, you will have to select the appropriate triac.

It is permissible to use the regulator in a night light switch-on machine by installing a VT3 phototransistor between terminals 6 and 1 (Fig. 6). Suitable phototransistors KTF102A, KTF104A, FT-1k. Any of these devices should be placed so that it is protected from the light of the switched on lamps, and when installed outdoors, also from atmospheric precipitation.

As long as the phototransistor is lit, the lamps do not light. But as soon as the illumination falls, they turn on, their brightness gradually increases.

And one more device is the soldering iron power regulator (Fig. 7). It differs from the previous ones in that only "half" of the microcircuit is used - one of the analogs of the trinistor is turned off by closing pins 9-11. In addition, a VD1 diode is installed, which "closes" the output of the microcircuit at one half-cycle of the mains voltage. This decision is explained by the need to regulate the power of the soldering iron heater (resistor R1) within limits not exceeding 50%.

The regulator is used with soldering irons with a power of up to 50 W for an operating voltage of 36 ... 40 V (at the same mains voltage) or up to 150 W for a voltage of 220 V.

Diode - any rectifier with a permissible current of 0,5 A and a reverse voltage of 350 V (for 220 V) or 0.7 A and 100 V (for 40 V).

Oxide capacitors in all devices - K50, K52, K53, variable resistors - SP4, SPO, SPZ-4vM (with a switch).

The small dimensions of the parts and their small number make it possible to place the regulator, say, in the stand of a table lamp, in the housing of the power switch, in the handle of a powerful soldering iron.

When setting up and operating devices, it is necessary to take into account their galvanic connection with the network and strictly follow the rules of electrical safety.

The capabilities of the KR1182PM1 microcircuit are very extensive, so it can also be used in heater power controllers, electric motor rotation speeds, and other cases.

Author: I. Nechaev, Kursk

See other articles Section Power regulators, thermometers, heat stabilizers.

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