Pointer automobile voltmeter with an extended scale of 10 ... 15 volts. Free Technical Library article

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Pointer automobile voltmeter with an extended scale of 10 ... 15 volts

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Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Automobile. Electronic devices

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The device will be useful for motorists to measure the voltage on the battery with high accuracy, but it can also find other applications where it is required to control the voltage in the range of 10 ... 15 V with an accuracy of 0,01 V.

Pointer automobile voltmeter with an extended scale of 10 ... 15 volts

Rice. 4.6 Extended scale voltmeter

It is known that the degree of charge of a car battery can be judged by its voltage. So, for a fully discharged, half-discharged and fully charged battery, it corresponds to 11,7, 12,18 and 12,66V.

In order to measure the voltage with such accuracy, you need either a digital voltmeter, or a pointer with an extended scale, which allows you to control the interval of interest to us.

The scheme shown in fig. 4.6, allows, using any microammeter with a scale of 50 μA or 100 μA, to make a voltmeter out of it with a measurement scale of 10 ... 15 V.

The voltmeter circuit is not afraid of incorrectly connecting the polarity to the measured circuit (in this case, the readings of the device will not correspond to the measured value).

To protect the microammeter PA1 from damage during transportation, the switch S1 is used, which, when shorting the leads of the measuring device, prevents the needle from fluctuating.

The circuit uses a PA1 device with a mirror scale, such as M1690A (50 μA), but many others are also suitable. Precision zener diode VD1 (D818D) can be with any last letter in the designation. Trimmer resistors are best used multi-turn, for example R2 type SPZ-36, R5 type SP5-2V.

To set up the circuit, you will need a power supply with an adjustable output voltage of O ... 15 V and an exemplary voltmeter (it is more convenient if it is digital). The setting consists in connecting the power supply to the terminals X1, X2 and gradually increasing the voltage to 10 V, to achieve the “zero” position of the arrow of the PA5 device with resistor R1. After that, we increase the voltage of the power source to 15 V and, with the resistor R2, set the arrow to the limit value of the scale of the measuring device. On this setting can be considered complete.

Rice. 4.7. Circuit for more accurate measurement of mains voltage

Based on this scheme, the device can be made multifunctional. So, if the conclusions of the microammeter are connected to the circuit through the 6P2N switch, you can make the mode of a conventional voltmeter by selecting an additional resistor, as well as a tester for checking circuits and fuses.

The device can be supplemented with a circuit (Fig. 4.7) for measuring AC mains voltage. In this case, it will have a scale from 200 to 300 V, which allows you to more accurately measure the mains voltage.

Publication: cxem.net

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