Automatic control of running lights of vehicles. Scheme, description

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ENCYCLOPEDIA OF RADIO ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
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Automatic control of running lights of vehicles. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

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Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Automobile. Electronic devices

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One of the requirements of the rules of the road is the mandatory inclusion, in the daytime, while driving, dipped beam headlights or fog (additional) white headlights called daytime running lights.

Turning on the headlights instead of dimensions or experimenting with their brightness of the glow, to put it mildly, is not a smart idea. From my experience and from conversations with professional drivers, I know that the eyes become so accustomed to the headlights on that a car with the headlights off is seen no further than 100 - 200 meters. Needless to say, this is life-threatening.

The developed DRL control machine provides the following modes of operation.

1. The machine never forgets to turn on and off the headlights (DRL), of course, if it turned them on.

2. After starting the engine, it automatically turns on the DRL, or low beam headlights.

3. In the presence of DRL, the inclusion of low or high beam, provides automatic shutdown of DRL.

4. If the low beam is used as DRL, when the high beam is turned on, the low beam will automatically turn off.

5. In the engine warm-up mode (engine running at minimum speed), it is possible to turn off the DRL. When starting off, the DRL automatically turns on. To turn off the DRL, no additional switches are needed, except for the standard ones installed on the car.

6. Ignition switch off, engine shutdown, provides automatic shutdown of DRL or low beam headlights.

(click to enlarge)

When the ignition switch is turned on, relay K1 is de-energized, because. supply voltage, through the resistor R5 and R6 opens the transistor VT2, which closes the transistor VT3. After starting the engine, the pulses from the chopper or tachometer are rectified through the capacitor C1 by the diodes VD1, VD2 and the transistor VT1 is opened through the filter R2, C2, R1. In turn, the transistor VT1 closes the transistor VT2. Transistor VT3 DRL opens, the relay receives power and turns on, including DRL. Diode VD3 and resistor R4 provide a steep front of voltage rise on the solenoid coil of the relay, in addition, they prevent the relay from turning off when the car is coasting with the gear off and the engine is running at idle.

Turning on the dipped or main beam headlights leads to the fact that the voltage from the headlights, through the diode VD5 or VD6, the resistor R9 opens the transistor VT2. VT2 closes the transistor VT3. The relay turns off, turning off the DRL.

In the engine warm-up mode, at idle, when DRLs are not needed, it is enough to turn them off by turning on and off the dipped or main beam. The voltage from the headlights will open the transistor VT2. VT3 will close, the relay will turn off and turn off the DRL. At this time, the sparking frequency is relatively small, not sufficient to open the transistor VT1, the DRL will not turn on. When the car starts moving, the DRLs will turn on automatically.

It is possible to replace the VT3 transistor with a MOSFET and turn on the DRL directly from it, without a relay. But, as you know, they are afraid of static electricity, and there is plenty of it in a car. That's why I think the relay will be more reliable.

The quality of sparking and idle speed of different cars are not the same, therefore, to ensure function No. 5, if at idle, after turning on and off the dipped or main beam headlights, the DRL turns on again, the value of the resistor R3 should be reduced. If this function is not required, no adjustment is required.

During the operation of the DRL automatic control unit, no automatic influence on sparking or on the tachometer readings was noticed. Despite its simplicity, a real automatic DRL control is not inferior and often surpasses similar devices in terms of the algorithm of operation.

See other articles Section Automobile. Electronic devices.

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