Electronic ignition system for car heater (ZAZ). Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Automobile. Ignition

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The main disadvantage of the heater ignition system with a glow plug is the very high current consumption, especially during the start of the heater. The magazine described more economical electronic devices (A. Kuzminsky, V. Lomanovich. Starting the heater. - "Radio", 1975, No. 6, p. 29), however, a 12/220 V voltage converter is required to use them. In addition, they do not ensure safe operation of the heater. Indeed, if for one reason or another high voltage disappears on its glow plug, there is a danger of an explosion in the combustion chamber of the heater, since fuel continues to flow there for some time.

An electronic device, the circuit of which is shown in Fig. 1 provides increased reliability of the heater and its high efficiency (current consumption does not exceed 2,5 A). In the gap of the glow plug F1, the device generates not single discharges, but "sheaves" of sparks. It is provided with an indicator on a neon lamp H1, which lights up only when the discharge gap of the glow plug is pierced by a series of sparks. Transistor V2 is protected from overvoltage by diode VI and zener diode V3.

Fig. 1

The high voltage autogenerator is assembled on a transistor V2, a feedback transformer T1 and an ignition coil T2. The generation frequency is about 150 Hz. Capacitor C1 and resistor R4 determine the mode of operation of the generator. Resistor R1 is required to coordinate the ignition system with the heater automation device.

The "sheaf" indicator of sparks is a shock excitation circuit, consisting of an inductor L1 and a capacitance of a coaxial cable. Through the constructive capacitance Csv, the circuit is connected to the high-voltage circuit. A neon lamp H1 is switched on parallel to the circuit. It is mounted at the end of a piece of coaxial cable. The lamp is installed in the passenger compartment in a place convenient for observation.

Transformer T1 is made on the magnetic circuit Ш14Х18. Winding I consists of 18 turns of PEV-2 0,86 wire wound in two wires, and II - of 72 turns of PELSHO 0,3 wire. Ignition coil T2 - from the ignition system of the car "Zaporozhets". The V3 zener diode is fixed in the center of a duralumin plate radiator measuring 40x40x4 mm. The zener diode can be replaced by a chain of zener diodes with a total stabilization voltage of 150 V. The V2 transistor is also installed on the same radiator with dimensions of 50x50x4 mm.

For the manufacture of the indicator, a piece of coaxial cable RK-75-4-12A with a length of not more than 75 cm, a length of 70-80 mm of a ferrite rod F600 with a diameter of 8 mm from a magnetic antenna and a PELSHO 0,3 wire are required. Cable 1 is cut from one end as shown in Fig. 2a. This end is applied in a convenient place to the high-voltage wire 2 connecting the ignition coil T2 to the glow plug F1, a ferrite rod 3 is placed nearby and the resulting package is wrapped with one layer of PVC insulating tape. Over the tape, for the entire length of the ferrite rod, tightly, coil to coil, winding 4 is wound in one layer, the ends of which are soldered to the coaxial cable (Fig. 2,6). Outside, the winding is insulated with five to six layers of insulating tape. At the second end of the cable, a neon lamp H1 is unsoldered. The metal sheath of the cable is securely connected to the car body.

Fig. 2

Glow plug А7, 5ХСС for installation in the heater must be modified, as shown in fig. 3. A thread is cut on a cylindrical part with a diameter of 21 mm of the candle body. The thread turns out to be incomplete, but sufficient to securely fix it in the hole where the threaded sleeve was screwed in, securing the glow plug. The side electrode of the spark gap of the candle is bent, as shown in the figure. In the groove of the spark plug between the newly cut threads and the hexagon. "turnkey" before installing the candle on the heater, two or three turns of asbestos cord should be wound.

Fig. 3

The negative terminal of the ignition system is connected to the car body, and the positive terminal is connected to the wire that was previously connected to the glow plug.

The procedure for turning on and operating the heater remains the same, the only difference is that the H1 lamp serves as an indicator of the system operation and there is no need to wait for the heating of the heater coils.

Author: D. Nazarov, Lvov; Publication: N. Bolshakov, rf.atnn.ru

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