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ENCYCLOPEDIA OF RADIO ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING Amplifier SINGLE END on lamps 6E5P-6P45S. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering
Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Tube Power Amplifiers Attention! When assembling and debugging the amplifier, you will have to work with high voltages! Do not forget that capacitors can store a charge for more than a day! Home So let's get started. There was a need to create a decent SE Amplifier with an acceptable cost. It was necessary to fulfill the following conditions: to use TS-180 power transformers as the most affordable ones, to use common and inexpensive lamps, and also to exclude the use of expensive and foreign parts. Although when repeating the design, you can ignore the last paragraph. Initially, the amplifier circuit looked like this. Along the way, it turned out that the 6E5P lamp is not so easily accessible as it was supposed. But the binding has already been made, and if you want to repeat this design, then you better find it. You can install 6E6P. Manakov Anatoly: "Although, I think, it is worth using as a driver in the absence of 6E5P and 6E6P, 6Zh11P or 6Zh23P, 6Zh43P with parallel anodes, or, in extreme cases, 6P15P." Description of the structure. I. Power supply Diagram: GIF (20) Each channel of the amplifier is powered by its own PSU. Let's consider one of them. The PSU is made on the TR1 TS-180 transformer. TVK-2 was used as TP110. In order not to be tricky with an additional transformer for bias voltage, the TC-180 was disassembled, and about 0,3-150 turns were wound on one of the coils with a wire with a diameter of 170 mm. The ends of the factory winding 11'-12' were cut off from the lamellas, and the ends of the new winding were soldered in their place. After that, both coils were "boiled" in a heated to 70-80 C? paraffin-wax mixtures. Composition: 50% wax, 50% paraffin. Paraffin is sold in pharmacies, wax can be bought on the market from people selling honey. After "boiling" the excess of the solidified mixture from the outside was removed and the insides of the coils were especially thoroughly cleaned. The ends of the horseshoes of the transformer were cleaned and lubricated with epoxy. The side surfaces of the horseshoes and the inner surfaces of the coils were smeared with BF glue. You can use the same epoxy resin if you hope that you will not have to disassemble the transformer in the future. Cardboard inserts are also treated with glue. Without waiting for the glue to harden, we assemble the transformer, tighten the screws and turn it on for a few minutes, from time to time, turning it from side to side. This achieves the penetration of glue into the gaps between the vibrating parts of the transformer. After this procedure, TS-180 is left until the glue is completely dry for a day. After such processing, the transformer does not buzz and does not create vibrations. A wire in heat-resistant insulation was used as connecting wires. No frills. For incandescent lamps, the wires are twisted in pairs. No more changes were made to the PSU design. Capacitors were used by SGO - 3 II. PSU filter, capacitors In the PSU filter, a 3-4 ohm resistor is made of a manganin wire with a diameter of 0,15 mm. There is no trick here, I just didn’t find a ready-made resistor. Electrolytic capacitors are arranged as follows. From a 3 ohm resistor, the first electrolyte is 330 uF, the second is 220 uF. After the inductor, two capacitors of 220 microfarads. All capacitors are 350 volts. In parallel to each capacitor, a 10 uF x 300 Volt paper capacitor is connected. The inductor is made of a TVK-70 transformer. The winding contains 1200 turns of wire with a diameter of 0,2 mm. Winding resistance 31 Ohm. The 2,0 microfarad capacitor in the 6P45S anode was replaced with a 10 microfarad x 300 volt paper capacitor. An electrolytic capacitor 6 uF x 5 Volt is installed in the anode 220E350P and a paper capacitor 10 uF x 300 Volt is installed in parallel with it. In the 6E5P cathode circuit, the electrolyte is 4700 microfarads x 16 volts, the second paper capacitor is 4 microfarads. In the 6E5P grid, the electrolyte is 47 microfarads x 160 Volts ITT. The capacitors in the 6P45S grid bias circuit are installed according to the diagram. The separating capacitor was selected for a long time from the K71 capacitors, K73-11A were also tried, but in the end, on the advice of A.I. Manakov, it was decided to stop at a 0,47 microfarad paper capacitor. The body was neatly cut off the capacitor with side cutters. Side plugs removed. The capacitor was wrapped with threads in one layer and "boiled" in a paraffin-wax mixture at a temperature of 70-80 C? I did not remove the threads after welding. After the article was written, another change was made. The chokes were winded with an additional compensation winding of 80 turns. Its inclusion became like this: GIF (4) III. Lamp modes, resistors, other A dual 33 kΩ SP-III resistor was used as a volume control, which, as many say, is not good. Get a better one or put separate resistors on each channel - it will be better. I also liked the large contact area, high clamping reliability and excellent shielding of the SP-III. The axle was lubricated with a drop of watch oil. The resistor itself did not disassemble, because. he had not been in work before, but he was pressed wonderfully. The wire in the signal path was silver plated. As it turned out later, it is better not to put it. All other resistors were of the Chn-pn brand (whatever comes to hand), mainly MLT, MLT-2. A resistor in the 6P45S cathode at 1 Ohm was installed by Shirpotrebovsky, Taiwanese 3-watt, although before that there was a 2-watt domestic MLT and I did not notice a difference in sound. After turning on and setting the 6P45S grid voltage so that the voltage at the 6P45S cathode control point becomes 0,165 Volts, the remaining voltages are set as follows:
In the grid circuit 6E5P - 22 kOhm. In the cathode 60 Ohm. Manakov Anatoly: "Igor, Replace the resistor in the screen grid circuit with 36-39 kOhm and re-measure the modes." Igor M. Butin: "After replacing the resistor in the screen grid and listening to the control, it seemed (!!!) that the sound acquired some astringent properties. Something like a blackberry in the mouth. Therefore, I refused such a replacement, although someone I might like it. The plus of such a replacement is the transfer of 6E5P to a lighter mode of operation, and, as a result, a longer lamp life. To be honest, I didn’t measure the modes - I forgot while listening. The difference was so small that I’m still not sure, I heard or just felt it. IV. Output transformers The output transformers are wound as follows: GIF(22) Output transformers are made on iron from power transformers of cash registers 200 Watt iron SHL 32x50. Calculations for transformers were made by A. and Manakov. I just wound up. All layers of the primary and secondary windings were insulated from each other with two layers of FUM plumbing tape. Each last layer of each section of the primary winding was impregnated with BF glue and dried in order not to displace the turns of the primary by winding the secondary. During assembly, gaskets were installed between the horseshoes with a thickness of 0,2-0,22 mm. The spacer can be made from sheets of printer paper. Use a sheet of paper A4 KYM 80 g/m2 folded in half and impregnated with drying oil. Sheet thickness is standard - 0,1 mm. The thickness of the two sheets is 0,2 mm. It is better to find radio-technical cardboard of the required thickness. After assembly, the transformers were "boiled" in a mixture of paraffin - wax, as well as power ones. Excess wax is carefully removed. Boiling in wax eliminated the overtones of the transformer, reduced magnetostriction, improved efficiency and sound. V. End of setup After assembly, I had to pick up the position of the power wire, as well as the wire connecting the input jacks to the volume control. It was possible to achieve a complete absence of background in the loudspeakers with the input closed and the volume knob turned to the maximum. For control, the following things were listened to:
Classics, jazz, blues, ballads sounded great. By the way, Parsons' mysticism sounds very solemn. But Ozzy somewhat blurred the overall impression. Everything is fabulous, fantastic, but the aggression that is inherent in it is not felt. More precisely, it is, but it creates the image of not a man, but a capricious child. After listening, it was decided to pick up the resistance in the anode 6E5P. As a result, on the advice of A. Manakov, I was satisfied with IPEV-10 at 6,2 kOhm. At 8 kOhm, the sound, for my taste, was somewhat lacking in aggression. I replaced the silver-plated wire in the grid circuit of the 6E5P lamp and in the further circuit, which was originally used, with a wire from the central core of the main antenna cable with a diameter of 1,5 mm. VI. Scheme of the last option The scheme turned out as follows: GIF (26) VII. Last lotion In case of emergency (voicing extras on low sensitivity speakers), it is possible to transfer 6P45S to pentode mode. To do this, connect K6 through a 1 kΩ resistor to the anode supply and shunt it to the case with an electrolytic capacitor of at least 100 mF. The resistor 220-330 Ohm is excluded. Power per channel will be more than 25 watts. But it is better then an ultra-linear, screen grid through a 500-560 Ohm resistor to one of the transformer taps. Select a tap according to power or sound, on the lower tap P = 15W, on the upper tap P = 18-20W, but the sound quality, IMHO, is lost, on the top - to a greater extent.
Authors: I. M. Butin, butinNOZPAM@nvkz.kuzbass.net, A. I. Manakov., detectorNOZPAM@surguttel.ru; Publication: cxem.net
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