Industrial photovoltaic installations. Scheme, description

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ENCYCLOPEDIA OF RADIO ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
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Industrial photovoltaic installations. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

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Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Alternative energy sources

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For several years, small photovoltaic systems have been used in public electricity, gas and water supply, proving their cost-effectiveness. Most of them have a power of up to 1 kW and include batteries for energy storage. They perform a variety of functions, from powering signal lights on power pylons to alert aircraft to monitoring air quality. They have demonstrated reliability and durability in the utility industry and are setting the stage for the future introduction of more powerful systems.

Utilities are exploring the possibilities of photovoltaic cells in terms of increasing generating capacity and meeting ever-increasing demands for environmental and industrial safety. Large solar power plants, consisting of many photovoltaic arrays, can be very useful for energy companies. They take less time to build than traditional power plants, as solar panels are easy to install and connect.

The company can build photovoltaic plants where there is a need for them, since the placement of photovoltaic arrays is much easier than choosing a site for a traditional power plant. And, unlike traditional power plants, they can be expanded as needed. Finally, photovoltaic plants operate silently, do not consume fossil fuels, and do not pollute the air and water. Unfortunately, photovoltaic stations are not yet very dynamically included in the arsenal of utility networks, which can be explained by their features. With the current method of calculating the cost of energy, solar electricity is still significantly more expensive than the production of traditional power plants. In addition, photovoltaic systems generate energy only during daylight hours, and their performance depends on the weather.

Therefore, when planning a power system, these features of a photovoltaic plant must be taken into account in order to properly fit it into the existing system of production, transmission and distribution of energy. Photovoltaic plants, however, are taking more and more space in the plans of energy producers. For example, in the US, utilities are exploring the possibility of connecting photovoltaic systems to the grid in places where they are of great value. Thus, adding a photovoltaic system in close proximity to the consumer helps to avoid energy losses associated with transmission over long distances.

Therefore, a photovoltaic system is of great value to a company if it is located near the consumer. They can also be installed in areas of the distribution system that serve areas with a rapidly growing population. In this case, photovoltaic installations eliminate the need to increase the length of power lines. Installing photovoltaic systems near power distribution substations can prevent overloading of equipment located there.

Photovoltaic cells are unlike any energy source that has ever been used by utilities. They require a large initial investment, but the cost of fuel is zero. The construction of coal and gas power plants is initially cheaper (relative to their productivity), but then they require constant expenses for the purchase of fuel. The price of fuel fluctuates and it is not known how it will change in the future due to the development of environmental legislation. Fossil fuel prices will rise, while the overall cost of solar cells (and other renewables) is expected to continue to fall, especially when considering their environmental benefits.

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