Industrial use of solar heat. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering
Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Alternative energy sources
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Not only households, but also businesses use solar water heaters to preheat water before using other methods to bring it to a boil or evaporate. Less exposure to fluctuating energy prices is another factor that makes solar systems an attractive investment. Usually, installing a solar water heater results in quick and significant energy savings.
Depending on the required volume of hot water and the local climate, a company can save 40-80% of the cost of electricity and other energy sources. For example, the daily need for hot water in a 24-storey Kuk Jay office building in Seoul, South Korea, is provided by more than 85% through a solar water heating system. The system has been operating since 1984. It turned out to be so effective that it exceeded the planned targets and provides, in addition, from 10 to 20% of the annual heating demand.
Heating system example (Kook Jae building)
(click to enlarge)
There are several different types of solar water heating systems. However, the amount of hot water normally required by a business can only be provided by an active system. An active system usually consists of solar collectors mounted on the southern roof slope (in the Northern Hemisphere) and a storage tank installed near the solar collector. When enough solar radiation hits the panel, a special regulator activates a pump that begins to drive liquid - water or antifreeze - through the solar panel. The fluid takes heat from the collector and transfers it to the water tank, where it is stored until needed. If the solar system has not heated the water to the desired temperature, an additional source of energy can be used. The type and size of the system is determined in the same way as the size of a solar collector for a residential building. Maintenance of industrial solar systems depends on the type and size of the system, however, due to its simplicity, it requires minimal maintenance.
For many commercial and industrial activities, the biggest benefit of a solar collector is fuel and energy savings. However, we must not forget about the significant environmental benefits. Air emissions of pollutants such as sulphurous gas, carbon monoxide and nitrous oxide are reduced when the owner of the company decides to use a cleaner source of energy - the Sun.
Various industrial processes require heat at different temperatures. Many of these processes can be supported by solar collectors, ranging from flat-panel collectors, which are limited to 100 degrees Celsius, to concentrators, which can achieve temperatures of several hundred degrees.
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