Wind power. social factors. Scheme, description

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ENCYCLOPEDIA OF RADIO ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
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Wind power. social factors. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

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Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Alternative energy sources

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Public support is a decisive factor in the development of wind energy and in stimulating demand for clean energy. The public is aware of the need to develop renewable energy, but in general terms. People attribute the rising sea levels caused by global warming to the use of fossil fuels. They understand that actions are needed to prevent the situation from getting worse, but this general concern is not always reflected in the support of the local community for the construction of wind turbines.

Public Involvement

Recommendations for getting public support:

as a major wind project progresses, public consultations should be held;
after construction is completed, it should be possible for local residents, tourists to visit the territory and conduct public and educational events;
information regarding the project should be available to potential consumers, regardless of their level of education;
it is necessary to inform the public about the role and benefits of using wind energy.

If the society feels its responsibility for the environment and, thus, for the dissemination of renewable energy technologies, it will support any activities in this area.

Social benefits from wind energy development

The development of wind energy brings enormous benefits to society, whether it is a stand-alone wind turbine or a wind farm connected to the power grid. Here are some examples:

possibility of independent power supply;
efficient production of electricity in a local power supply network, which, unlike a centralized power supply system, is characterized by lower energy losses;
reduction of emissions of harmful gases due to the reduction of the use of fossil fuels for energy production;
the opportunity to demonstrate to society, in particular educational institutions, the benefits of renewable energy;
the possibility of generating income from the use of large wind farms and individual wind turbines.

Wind turbine ownership issues

Wind energy cooperatives in EU countries

Private enterprise initiative and investment has been the driving force behind the development of wind energy in Denmark. About 70% of wind turbines installed in Denmark are privately owned. It can be a matter of sole ownership or the property of a group of persons (cooperative), and the latter owns 60% of all private wind turbines. At the initial stage of the development of wind energy in Denmark, a typical cooperative consisted of 5-50 families that united to install an autonomous wind turbine. As the capacity of wind turbines grew, so did cooperatives, turning into owners of wind farms, which numbered from 10 to 30 wind turbines.

Other types of property

In addition to cooperatives, wind turbines can be owned by small and medium-sized enterprises, public organizations and individuals. The purpose of such owners is usually the sale of electricity for profit.

small associations

An example would be a cooperative of landowners-farmers. This is usually a commercial enterprise, the main purpose of which is the generation of energy and its sale.

Merging on the basis of the project developer

The developer can work on the project until the equipment is put into operation, after which he transfers the project to the private ownership of a group of people. The developer can continue to profit from the project by holding the position of manager or being responsible for the operation of the equipment.

New associations

The purpose of such an association is to control the implementation of the project. A developer can act as a project manager.

Existing associations

In such cases, the wind energy project belongs to an already existing group. This may be a charity or other similar organization. Often such groups do not expand investments outside the group.

Authors: Kargiev V.M., Martirosov S.N. and etc.

See other articles Section Alternative energy sources.

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