Complete set of wind power installations. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering
Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Alternative energy sources
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Basic equipment of wind turbines
The main equipment of the wind turbine includes:
- blade;
- ring generator;
- wind orientation system;
- rotation speed controller;
- attachment point to the mast;
- landing washer on the mast.
The fewer blades in the wind wheel, the higher its efficiency (oddly enough). This has been verified both by theoretical studies and by blowing in a wind tunnel, although the difference between 1, 2, 3 blades in such experiments is insignificant, because the power in a wind tunnel and in nature in the wind differ by about 10-30% due to the "idealization" of air flow in the pipe.
Vertical-axial wind turbines have the right to life, but science and experience have long proven their very low efficiency compared to horizontal-axial ones. This is about the same as the paddle wheels on old steamers compared to the usual propeller of any modern ship or boat. After all, a wind turbine is a whole complex, which necessarily includes:
- a wind power unit is a generator, blades, attachment to the mast, this may also include a propeller speed controller (centrifugal, mechanical) and a wind orientation device (tail or windrose);
- the mast can be both special and self-made - built from a mast for a radio antenna, a water pipe, or even a pole dug perpendicularly into the ground;
- accumulators;
- their charge controller;
- inverter for energy conversion.
At this stage of choosing components, you can really save money, since a special mast for wind turbines will cost a lot more. And the last 3 positions are necessary for a DC wind generator.
mast kit
The mast set consists of:
- embedded parts for 4 stretch marks;
- 4 traction from embedded parts;
- 4/8/12 stretch ropes;
- 4/8/12 lanyards with thimble;
- 24/48/72 cable clamps;
- the base (articulated) of the mast;
- strut with the axis of the lifting boom;
- clamps for attaching cables to the mast;
- clamps for joining mast pipes;
- "bird" lifting boom;
- punch for stretch marks.
The cost of the wind turbine configuration described above will be today from 90 rubles. for 000 kW of useful power, which is quite realistic. By the way, if we assume that for the sake of saving from the budget for a "windmill" you quit smoking, and previously spent 5 rubles on cigarettes. (the cost of a pack) in 50 days, then simple calculations show that in almost 3 years you will be able to purchase the entire set for wind turbines with the money saved. After all, "money saved is money earned."
As a rule, the windmill itself does not please much; it is only the first step towards providing (at least partially) alternative energy at home. The need to store electricity in case of calm (for a stable energy supply) involves equipping with additional equipment:
- rechargeable batteries (automobile or otherwise);
- power processing and battery charging unit (controller);
- voltage converter (inverter).
Additional equipment for wind turbines (except for the generator itself)
Additional equipment of the wind turbine includes:
- power processing unit and battery charging (controller) with the function of optimal power take-off up to 5 kW and battery charging 2 kW for 8 batteries 190 A / h, 12 V;
- inverter 5 kW;
- batteries (8 pcs.) with an energy capacity of 190 A / h, 12 V will ensure the operation of electrical appliances with a total power of 300 W for 25-50 hours.
As I have already noted, the use of wind turbines (and energy storage devices) with a net power of less than 5 kW in modern conditions, due to the large number of consumers, is inefficient.
Author: Kashkarov A.P.
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