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In the city of Chico, California, anyone who detonates a nuclear device within the city can be fined up to $500. (kurilka.com/facts.htm)

The US isn't the only country with stupid laws. In York, England, for example, there is still a law allowing anyone to shoot Scots who catch their eye with a bow. Except, of course, Sundays, when all good Christians should rest. (kurilka.com/facts.htm)

The winner of the Olympic Games forever receives the honorary title - Olympionik. But among the Olympionists there are outstanding athletes, multiple champions of the Olympic Games. (Science and life)

The effective area of ​​reflection of electromagnetic waves in the B-52 aircraft is 100 square meters. m., while the F-117A aircraft has only 0,025 sq. m. For comparison, in humans, this area is 1,5-2 square meters. m.. 

The world champion in snoring is Canadian Mark Hubbard. The University of British Columbia School of Medicine issued him a certificate that the volume of his snoring reaches 90 decibels. It matches the roar of a racing car. (Science and life)

Whigs - an English political party that reflected the interests of the big bourgeoisie. She was opposed by the Tory party, which expressed the interests of the aristocracy and the higher clergy. In the middle of the XNUMXth century, both parties were transformed into the party of liberals (Whigs) and conservatives (Tories).

Tandem - a closed cabriolet with two horses in a train.

Baronet is an English title of nobility, which is a transitional step between the lower nobility (gentry) and the higher aristocracy.

Benjamin in French means the youngest favorite child. (Totoshka, Russian-French Dictionary)

Cleopatra (69-30 BC) - the last queen of Egypt (51-30 BC) from the Ptolemaic dynasty.

In terms of total cargo turnover, the port city of Nakhodka surpasses all ports of the Far East region. (Alexey, Radio Free Nakhodka)

Vincent van Gogh sold only one painting in his lifetime. (Almanac 1991: Fascinating Facts)

Mary Stuart (1542-87), Queen of Scotland, was executed by beheading with an axe. Obviously, the ax was not too sharp, since the executioner had to inflict 15 blows one after the other, and only after that her head was completely cut off. (Almanac 1991: Fascinating Facts)

During the Renaissance, people who were sentenced to death would bribe their executioners to do their job as quickly and mercifully as possible. (Almanac 1991: Fascinating Facts)

In Ukraine, in the Lugansk region, there is the city of Happiness with a population of more than 12 thousand people. 

To date, bitrex is considered the most bitter substance. One teaspoon of this non-poisonous white powder per cistern of water is enough to make it completely undrinkable. (Erudite S.G. Bernatosyan)

At the beginning of May 1920, during the Soviet-Polish war, the Poles occupied Kyiv, which was liberated only on June 11.

The two lightest trees: Balsa - 0.15 g / cm0.39, Siberian fir - 1.08 g / cm1.28. The two heaviest trees: Ebony persimmon - 1999 g / cmXNUMX, Guayacum, or backout - XNUMX g / cmXNUMX. (Alexander. From Alpha to Omega, Moscow, XNUMX)

Lev Yashin in South America was called the Black Spider, and in Europe the Black Panther. (Kazbek Yaprintsev. Encyclopedia of football)

In the Cherkasy region there is a city (or town) Money. And in the Odessa region there are 2 villages, the names of which are difficult to explain - Utkonosovka and Pharaonovka. Those who wish can check. 

Nitrogen in addition to capitalism is war, destruction, death. Nitrogen combined with socialism means high yields, high labor productivity, and a high material and cultural level of the working people. (Great Soviet Encyclopedia of the 1950s edition, volume 1, p. 452, article Azot)

Black Prince - Edward, Prince of Wales (1330-1376), son of the English King Edward III. He commanded detachments of English troops in the first period of the Hundred Years War between England and France.

The Knights Templar (Order of the Temple) originated in 1119.

Marshal - in the Middle Ages, a courtier who followed the royal stables, as well as order in tournaments.

Saint Bernard (St. Bernard) - Bernard of Clairvaux (1091-1153), medieval mystic, known for his persecution of heretics, one of the initiators of the second crusade.

During the reconstruction of Bolshoy Prospekt on Vasilyevsky Island in St. Petersburg in 1929-1932. data from winter aerial photography were used, which recorded paths trodden by pedestrians in the snow. In the directions most convenient for people, alleys were laid, and recreation areas were arranged at the intersections. (Guide to Leningrad, Lenizdat, 1988, p. 264)

The Capuchins are a Catholic monastic order, a branch of the Franciscan order. Founded in Italy (male - 1525, female - 1538) to fight the Reformation.

Paraphrase - originally, a poetic imitation of the text of Scripture.

The Russian duel was tougher and deadlier than the European one. And not because a French journalist or an Austro-Hungarian officer had less personal courage than a Russian nobleman. Far from it. And not because the value of human life seemed less here than in Europe. But because Russia, which broke out of the feudal notions with one jerk, and did not go through a centuries-old natural path that transformed these notions, had a completely different culture of regulating private relations. Here, the perception of the duel as a judicial duel, and not as a ritual removal of dishonor, remained much sharper. (Y. Gordin, Duels and Duelists)

Rodrigo de Triana - the sailor of the caravel Pinta from the expedition of Columbus, who was the first to shout: Earth!, Seeing the coast of the New World.

In memory of the Titanic, several passenger ships were built bearing the name of the sunken liner, and one of them, in April, only not in 1912, but in 1985, passed the Titanic from Southampton to New York, and the fee for fear ranged from from 10 to 20 thousand dollars. (S. Belkin, Blue Ribbon of the Atlantic)

The Lochs are one of the Melanesian tribes that live on the Admiralty Islands. (D. Fraser, Folklore in the Old Testament)

In August, another beauty contest among donkeys will be held in Mexico. Residents are preparing with great enthusiasm for this event, which has been held since 1964. The beginning of the festival is invariably preceded by a parade of donkeys. Following him, a football tournament begins, in which athletes on donkeys participate. Then horse races are held, and at the end of the festival, a donkey beauty contest. (ITAR-TASS)

The various peoples of Europe make it a rule never to cut the mistletoe in the usual way - it must be knocked down from the tree on which it grows, either with a shot or with stones. (D. Fraser, Golden Bough)

Dante was born in May 1265 in Florence and died in September 1321 in Ravenna, where he lived in exile. There he was buried.

The first dictionary of English words was published in 1552. It was compiled by Richard Haloe. The dictionary was called Abskdarium Anglico-Latinum about Tirunculis. Every English word in it had an English explanation and then only a Latin translation. The dictionary contained 26 words. 

Some South American Indians had a belief: during an earthquake, they usually said that it was Mother Earth dancing, which means that she ordered to do as she did. And at the first shocks, instead of panicking, people began to dance and have fun. 

In the Murmansk region not far from the city of Apatity there is the village of Afrikanda. 

In the 17th century, the diameter of the Sun exceeded the current one by about 2000 km, i.e. by 0,1%. (Chemistry and Life)

There is a turn from the highway to Dengi settlement. In the shade of the trees there is a stele, on which a drawing and an inscription are laid out in mosaic: Money Welcome! Understand as you wish. 

Water clocks were known and widely used in Ancient Egypt, Judea, Babylon, and China. In Greece they were called clepsydras (water thieves).

The name of the second month of the Roman calendar - Aprilis comes from the word aperio, which means to open (open); this month, the buds on the trees open.

The Greek philosopher and orator Demosthenes often worked at night; it was said of his speeches that they smack of lamp oil.

The motto of Admiral of France Guillaume Gouffier de Bonivet (1488-1525) was: Hurry slowly, and the emblem is a dolphin (symbol of speed) above the anchor (symbol of slowness).

For 1 year, a beam of light travels more than 11000 km. 

In 1683, the first restaurant in the United States was opened in Philadelphia. It was called the Blue Anchor. 

In the Murmansk region, not far from the city of Apatity, there are many settlements, and Afrikanda is actually not one, but two! Afrikanda 1 and Afrikanda 2 (this is for Cyril K.). And on the White Sea coast there is the village of Chavanga, which cannot be reached either by train or by car (because there are no roads), a plane used to fly, but now it doesn’t. You have to take a boat that runs once a month or stomp 50 km on foot. (The source used is my head, because I myself live on the Kola Peninsula in the glorious city of Apatity. Olga)

According to Plutarch, a magnet rubbed with garlic loses its magnetic properties. (Source: Plutarch, Table Talk, II, 7)

During Roman rule in Gaul, Paris was called Lutetia.

The Japanese call Banzai, an analogue of the Russian Ur, literally translates as ten thousand years. (Vladimir Bogachev. members.tripod.com/ ~RUBICON/know-3 .html)

The tip of the stalk (a spear with a massive feather-tip) was called rampage. From here came the expression to climb on the rampage. (Vladimir Bogachev. members.tripod.com/ ~RUBICON/know-3 .html)

Lise Meitner, Germany's first female physicist, was able to earn her degree in the early 20s. The title of her dissertation, problems of space physics, seemed unthinkable to some journalist, and the newspaper published: Problems of cosmetic physics. (Dmitry V. Bogaevsky. Physicists are joking, M. Mir, 1993)

Ernst Rutherford used the following criterion when choosing his employees. When they came to him for the first time, Rutherford gave the task. If after that a new employee asked what to do next, he was fired. (Dmitry V. Bogaevsky. Physicists are joking, M. Mir, 1993)

Tobacco was first brought to England in 1565 and soon became widespread: by 1614 there were 7000 tobacco shops in London.

The Pacific Bell telephone company removed the pay phone, which was called the loneliest in the world. The booth was set up in the middle of the Mojave Desert in the US state of California, and had to be removed after the phone number was published on the Internet. There were too many hunters to dial a desert phone number to see if anyone would pick up the phone. In addition, the number of those wishing to speak from this particular device has increased dramatically, so that the busy movement in the heart of the desert began to affect the delicate environment. The phone was originally installed forty years ago for miners who were excavating volcanic ash in the Mojave Desert. (newspepper.ru/)

In the Kuibyshev region (the one around the city of Samara) there is the village of Koshki. (Albert R. Tombu)

Bravi - assassins in Italy XVI-XVIII centuries.

The Gascon nobleman d'Artagnan (1611-1673) served in the regiment of the royal musketeers. His adventures have been the subject of many works of art. The first to turn to the legendary life of d'Artagnan was the prolific writer Gascien Courtil de Sandra (1644-1712), who in 1700 published the false Memoirs of the famous musketeer. This book was used by A. Dumas.

The medieval University of Paris had four faculties: theological, legal, medical and arts. The latter consisted of four national groups: French, Picardy, Norman and English (which under Charles VI, after the war with England, was renamed German).

Doge - elected lifelong ruler of the merchant republic of Venice in the VIII - XVIII centuries. From the end of the X century. in Venice, the ceremony of betrothal of the doge to the sea was established - a symbol of the close dependence on the sea of ​​the entire life of the Republic: on the day of the church holiday of the Ascension, a magnificent procession of eminent persons and clergy sailed on gondolas into the open sea, where the doge threw a wedding ring into the water.

John Bull - the hero of a political satire on the War of the Spanish Succession (1701-1713) The story of John Bull. Author John Arbuthnot (1675-1735) Queen Anne's court physician. It is possible that the name John Bull was chosen by the author for the hero of his satire, personifying England, because that was the name of the court organist of Queen Elizabeth, who, according to legend, was the author of the English anthem.

Briard (Erica Arborea) is a tree-like shrub of the heather family, which grows mainly in the Mediterranean. Smoking pipes are made from a special dense outgrowth on the root of the briar, which is hard and heat resistant.

Hippology (Greek hippos - horse and logos - teaching) is the science of the horse, which has existed since ancient times. Hippology includes information about the origin of the horse, breed formation, anatomy and physiology, horse breeding and rearing of young animals, testing and equestrian sports, feeding and basic hygiene of horses.

A loose knot with ears is the old name for a bow.

Bulbul - nightingale in Persian.

In Malaysia, there is a law according to which if a wife cheated on her husband three times, then one person is punished for each betrayal: for the first betrayal - the lover, for the second - the wife, for the third - the husband. (Daughters-mothers, 2, 1996)

Green and dog-headed pythons (Papua New Guinea) lay their eggs in hollow trees.

Catch the speaker's eye - get the right to speak in the English Parliament, given by a nod of the speaker's head.

Tugi - members of the Indian religious sect of stranglers, who sacrificed people strangled by them to the gods.

The Harmonic Blacksmith (Harmonic Anvil) is the name of a part of one of Handel's suites.

Nicolò Trona is the only Venetian doges whose portrait was depicted on old Venetian coins in 1471.

The Flying Dutchman is Captain van Straten, doomed to sail the seas forever for his sins.

A swordsman is an official who, according to an old English tradition, carries a sword during solemn ceremonies in front of the king or noble dignitaries, including the Lord Mayor of London.

Depeche - from the French depechez - hurry up!

The capital of Egypt at different times were: Heliopolis, Memphis, Thebes (Luxor), Alexandria, Cairo (from the Arabic Al-Kakhir - Mars or victorious).

A type of font designed in imitation of Petrarch's handwriting is italic.

Chichvacha - in the English epic and fairy tales - a cow that eats patient wives and therefore is skinny; Bicorn is a fat cow that fed on patient husbands.

The English King George I did not speak English.

Jean Gabin is the pseudonym of Jean Alexi Montariset.

Criticism - from the Greek court.

The hussar's clothes included: dolman, mentik, shako, chikchirs (breeches).

The first Christians interpreted the initial letters of the Greek word ichthus (fish) as Jesus Christ, the son of God, the savior (in Greek - Jesus Christ - teu yuyos soter).

When playing the Mexican clarinet, the air is not blown out, but blown in.

The English city of Birmingham has more canals than Venice.

In Tripoli there is a triumphal arch of the Roman emperor Marcus Aurelius (121-180).

Orchids are the staple food of satyrs, according to Gerard in his Herbal.

Questor is an assistant in financial affairs to the ancient Roman consul.

Aegis comes from the Greek aigis - goatskin. Ancient Greek warriors wrapped their left hand with a goat's skin, which served as a shield.

Tholos is a monumental, round building (tomb, temple) in the Aegean culture and the ancient world. (BES, Mukhin A. N.)

The expression attic salt comes from a more complete one: Sharpness is subtle, like attic salt. Salt produced in Athens, the center of Attica, was famous for its special grinding fineness. (MunKuhrt)

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