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AT LEISURE
To help the erudite. Database on the history, geography, biology, science, technology, sport, culture, traditions of the peoples of the world. According to the materials of the press and the Internet.
Tourbillon (French: Tourbillon) is a watch regulator invented by Abraham-Louis Breguet in 1795 and patented by him on June 26, 1801, or 7 Messidor 9 according to the French Republican calendar. The tourbillon is designed to reduce the negative impact of gravity on watch accuracy. The rarity and technical sophistication of this device is so impressive that almost all manufacturers display the tourbillon with a hole above it in the watch dial, even though it could easily be hidden inside the movement. The exception is Patek Philippe, which limits itself to only a modest Tourbillon inscription on the dial of the corresponding model. This modesty comes at a price: the tourbillon from Patek Philippe is a rarity, and the sale of such watches is personally approved by the company's president, Philippe Stern. GQ N5 September 2001 During American Black Tuesday, one of the oldest Orthodox cathedrals in New York, the Church of St. Nicholas, which belonged to the American archdiocese of the Greek Orthodox Church, was also destroyed. One of the WTC towers, at the foot of which he was standing, collapsed on him. ST. NICHOLAS CHURCH DESTROYED IN TWIN TOWERS ATTACK (goarch.org/releases/st_nicholas-9-14.html) A resident of Pskov made a costume from candy wrappers. It took seven months to make. At the same time, the pensioner collected multi-colored candy wrappers for more than four years. From four thousand candy wrappers, she managed to sew not only a skirt and blouse, but also accessories - a handbag, a hat and even boots. According to the craftswoman, she also wanted to make an umbrella, but did not have time. Lenta.Ru (lenta.ru/ oddly/ 2001/09/14/dress/) Hitler's mother, being pregnant with him, almost had an abortion, but her doctor persuaded her to refrain from this step Marie Antoinette, allegedly, after the birth of her first child, her hair thinned so much that it was no longer enough for her former voluminous hairstyle. So she started doing curls that fell to the back of her head. En dos de I'ane (French: En dos de I'ane - donkey's backbone, i.e. with a bend) - men's hairstyle fashion around 1780 with curls on the sides and a long braid at the back. womenclub.by.ru/ fashion/prycheski2 .shtml In antiquity, hedgehog skin covered with needles was used to make backcombs on shrouds and cloths, and hedgehog meat was considered a healing remedy for hair loss, since hedgehog needles were a kind of prototype of strong hair. It was also believed that a skin hung over a grapevine would protect against hail. mooncat.karelia.ru/ skr/ioj/8/ioj .htm The first to come to the conclusion that male mosquitoes search for female friends using hearing was not a biologist, but the American engineer H. Maxim, who went down in history as the inventor of the heavy machine gun. While installing a chain of electric lights, he noticed that a swarm of male pinnate mosquitoes was hovering around the transformers. Maxim tried to publish his observations, but was ridiculed. archive.1september.ru/ bio/1999/no33 .htm Every year, more people die from bee stings than from snake bites. The Tokyo Zoo closes for 2 months every year so that the animals can take a break from visitors. gift.hotmail.ru/fact/fact0002 .htm After her husband ran away with a fidgety young woman, Stacey-Perelli advertised for acquaintance. The 60-year-old American woman didn’t lie. She wrote: A lonely, fat, heavy-drinking, foul-mouthed, cigarette-hungry old woman is looking for a handsome man to start a family with. Stacy received 10 (ten thousand!) letters with marriage proposals! It turns out that men dream of a wife who will gladly have a drink or two with them. A bear in hibernation loses up to 4000 calories. bigworldclub.com/ interes/interes2 .html After celebrating City Day, 800 tons of garbage were removed from the streets of Moscow. The most expensive jewelry collection that belonged to the medieval Indian royal Nizan dynasty is up for sale in the Indian capital of Delhi. A unique exhibit of the collection is the Jacob diamond, weighing 184,75 carats and worth $85 million. This stone once belonged to the sixth ruler of the Nizan dynasty - Mabubu Ali Pasha. According to historians, he did not know about the real value of the stone and used the diamond as a paperweight. 20 hairs grow successively from one hair follicle during a lifetime. An area of human skin with an area of 3 cm2 contains XNUMX million cells. BASE-jumping was invented by paratroopers who were tired of monotonous falls from the plane. But they began to look for thrills not in increasing the height, but in decreasing it. Unknown forms of objects such as cliffs, television towers and skyscrapers were revealed to their searching eyes. This is how the acronym BASE was born - Buildings, Antenna, Spans/bridges, Earth (buildings, antennas, bridges, natural elevations). Men's Health September 2001 The fattest cat, just included in the Guinness Book of Records, lives in Denmark. He outweighed his champion predecessor by 1,2 kilograms and looks much more respectable. The cat's name is Tulle, he is 6 years old, and he has neither more nor less - 19 and a quarter kilos of live weight. The champion weighs more than a pound! KP, 19.09.01 The term allergy (allos - other, ergos - action) was born in 1906 - it was proposed by the Austrian pediatrician Clemence Perke. From that moment on, allergology became an independent science. In a survey conducted by the Gallup Organizations, it was found that the average American receives 202 information messages per day, including: 52 phone calls, 36 e-mails, 23 answering machine messages, 14 faxes, etc. In the near future, all records for the size and cost of sea vessels will be broken. In January 2002, a ship with the immodest name of The World, a floating house of 110 apartments, will set off on its maiden voyage from Oslo. the price of each is 2 million dollars. And by 2003, Queen Mary 2 will be completed. The remake of Queen Mary will become the longest (345 m), highest (72 m) and most expensive ship ($700 million) in the history of shipbuilding. By 2004 they promise to build Titanic 2, which will be slightly larger than its predecessor. GQ No6, October 2001 The word bank comes from the Italian bank (bench), because in the Middle Ages money changers sat on benches on the streets of cities. Chinese tea trees reach a meter in height, while Indian ones can grow up to 6 meters if allowed. Chewing gum consists of: 20% elastic base, 19% corn syrup, 60% sugar and 1% flavoring. A patent for a typewriter was awarded to the Englishman Henry Mill back in 1714, but this typewriter was never manufactured. The first motion picture with a plot, The Great Train Robbery, was released at Edison Laboratories in 1903. Human muscles are 75% water, the liver is 70%, the brain is 79%, and the kidneys are 83%. The heart of an adult man contracts and relaxes about one hundred thousand times a day and pumps approximately 13630 liters of blood per day. Everything about everything, vol. 1, M., AST, 1995 80 percent of children born to astronauts after flights are girls. Komsomolskaya Pravda, 16.03.2000/XNUMX/XNUMX Nikolai Slichenko and Armen Dzhigarkhanyan were offered to play the role of Budulai in the TV series Gypsies. Komsomolskaya Pravda, 16.03.2000/XNUMX/XNUMX In ancient Roman mythology, Dea Febris Tettiana and Dea Febris Quartana stood out - goddesses dedicated to three- and four-day fevers, that is, three-day and four-day malaria, well known to modern doctors. infectology.spb.ru/ mif/hist_mif_and_legend.asp To treat syphilis, East African healers sent syphilitic patients to the swamps for several nights. Many of them subsequently fell ill with fever (malaria) and were cured of syphilis. infectology.spb.ru/ mif/hist_mif_and_legend3.asp In 1991, science became aware of a new asteroid located at a fairly close distance from us - 20 million miles. It attracted special attention from experts because it is truly a cosmic treasure. The asteroid is from the iron-nickel group and also contains large reserves of platinum (about 100 thousand tons) and gold (10 thousand tons). It is the most expensive known asteroid. But how to deliver these jewels to Earth? netman.newmail.ru/samoe1 .htm#47 Hungarians and Romanians buried people with sickles at their necks. The sickle was needed in case the corpse wanted to rise from the grave: it would cut off its own head. A cast gold toilet appeared in a Hong Kong jewelry store. As the store director says, he was inspired by Lenin’s words that after the victory of socialism throughout the world, even public toilets would be made of gold, and he decided to build socialism at least in his domains. A friendly debate unfolded on the pages of the youth publication (The Eye, July 15). There were two polemicists and the dispute revolved around the topic of the Longest English Word. A newspaper journalist (Bruce LaBruce) in one of his articles argued that there is no longer word in modern English than antidisestablishmentarianism, to which one of the readers allowed himself to disagree and cited his own set of letters: Pneumonoultramicroscopicsilicovolcaniosis. There is a famous episode in which seven-year-old Prince Charles, having heard that his mother, Queen Elizabeth, called him darling, asked her in surprise: Mom, did you really say darling to me? Any manifestations of tenderness in royal everyday life were extremely rare. According to scientists, pain is felt most on Sundays and on weekdays from 18-24 pm. The notebook with the first project of the International Language - Esperanto - died in the stove, where the father of the school student Zamenhof sent it, believing that the boy should do business, not nonsense. The color of Esperanto is green, because it is the color of hope. And the symbol is a green star. A person without special abilities for languages can learn to speak it quite fluently in 3-6 months of classes (in order to master any national language to the same extent, it takes at least 3-5 years). Turkish has only one irregular verb - olmak (to be). In the 1940s, brothers Joseph (László) and Georg Bíró invented the ballpoint pen as we know it today. In October 1945, after the New York fair, ballpoint pens became widely available. It is noteworthy that the ballpoint pen was initially advertised as the first pen capable of writing underwater! nashdom.tl.ru/ publish/dg/98 .htm#baby Charles Dodgson sent back letters addressed to Lewis Carroll with the note: addressee not listed. This was another mystery of his: until the end of his life he did not identify himself with his pseudonym. teo.newmail.ru/carroll/coll.html Tunisia is the only Muslim country in which 1) abortion has been officially permitted since the 1960s, 2) prostitution has been legalized and brothels operate under state control. migvoyage.msk.ru/tunisia/guide/facts.htm English King James I was the first eccentric who gave tobacco anti-advertising. In 1604, he stated that American tobacco slows down a person's consciousness and makes him indulge in idleness, that smoking is harmful to the lungs and dangerous to the brain, not forgetting the problem of bad breath. A tobacco ban was imposed. However, after 14 years, Sir Walter Raleigh still brought tobacco to the royal court. publish.diaspora.ru/ beer/articles/tabak002_2 .shtml Ancient Greek astronomers listed 48 constellations, and another 40 were identified after them. A desert is a place that receives less than 25 cm of precipitation per year. If more than 250 cm of precipitation falls during the warm season, wild vegetation becomes so dense that it choke out cultivated plants. For every square centimeter of the Earth's surface, a column of air weighing 1 kg presses. Fog particles are less than 0,001 millimeters across. In one cubic centimeter of thick fog (when you can’t see anything in front of you) there are at least 1227 such particles. The bark of a cork oak tree is removed for the first time when the tree is 20 years old, and every nine years thereafter. The bear is the largest predator: a white or grizzly bear can weigh 400-450 kg, and a brown Alaskan bear can weigh 680 kg. But Malayan bears, even in adulthood, weigh less than 45 kg. A mole can dig a hole and hide in it in one minute. During the night he is able to dig a tunnel 68 meters long. Everything about everything, vol. 2, M., AST, 1995 Residents of the Indian city of Madras set a record worthy of being included in the Guinness Book of Records. In just one day, city residents donated 4333 units of blood (each 450 milliliters), leaving behind the previous record holders - the University of Missouri, which at one time collected only 3239 units in a day. LENTA.ru: Copper news (lenta.ru/ health/ 2001/10/03/blood/) In 2000, influenza affected 8% of the population in Russia. 38 people died. In Moscow, 14 people died, including 4 children. (gripp.ru/about-gripp/complication.asp) Repeated periodically, influenza and acute respiratory infections take away a total of about 1 year throughout our lives. A person spends these months in an inactive state, suffering from fever, general fatigue, headache, and poisoning of the body with poisonous viral proteins. (gripp.ru) A museum full of biting and buzzing wild insect exhibits is opening in Shanghai. When the French telephone company invited citizens to send them all the data on their calls free of charge, there was an outburst of indignation. Too many people didn’t want their spouse to know about their little joys on the side. There is a John Lennon Museum in Japan. When Bismarck introduced a law about a hundred years ago for pension insurance starting at age 60, he was laughed at. Few people at that time lived to such an advanced age... After the recent tragic events in America, interest in the Arabic language has increased sharply - courses are overcrowded. In Afghanistan, wearing lipstick is punishable by death. 70% of Germans introduce themselves by name when picking up the phone. Not only is this, from our point of view, a bad habit, but they are also indignant if this is not done in response. Yeah, cultural differences. In particular, one American company decided to simplify their existence for the glorious Germans and introduce their own rules - packaging purchases in supermarkets (of course, free of charge, as an additional service aimed at attracting new customers). The innovation did not catch on. The burghers, you see, did not like the fact that strangers would see and touch what they had legally acquired and considered their property. The gene responsible for speech and languages has recently been discovered. Baka is a fool. Not a very offensive expression. Often used by children. In the Polish city of Godap in 2000, a competition was held for the loudest cry, in which representatives of Poland, the USA, Austria and the Czech Republic participated. For the second year in a row, 300 other participants were shouted down by an elderly Polish woman, Dagmara Stanek. Her scream reached 126,1 decibels, which can be compared to the sound of a pneumatic hammer used to lay asphalt. 7days.ru/ w3s.nsf/Archive/ 2000_179_life_col_reuters1 .html Intellectuals prefer to talk about drinking and smoking, the depravity of a glass and the pernicious influence of a tavern. But the worst evil in the world is embodied not in a glass, but in a mirror, not in a tavern, but in that secluded room where a person examines himself. Chesterton G.K. Eternal Man. M., 1991. Paganini was such a passionate gambler that he even lost his violin. In the Sahara at the end of the 19th century, it was planned to create a triangle of enormous area in order to give the Martians a signal about the presence of an intelligent civilization on Earth. The famous Daimler (Mercedes-Benz) was at one time suspected of producing counterfeit money. The police searched his workshops and found nothing. It turned out that the rumors, which the police checked, were caused by the special secrecy of the new designs. Nobel Prize winner Niels Bohr played football so well that he and his brother even joined his country's national team. Another former footballer (of Real Madrid) is the very popular singer Julio Iglesias. By the way, his son, who also had a successful career as a musician, so that there would be no prejudice against him, sent his recording to the competition under a different name - and, of course, he won. Verdi, now considered a classic, was not accepted at one time by the Milan Conservatory, which was of the opinion that the young man was not talented enough. By the way, Hitler failed the entrance exams to the Vienna Institute of Arts twice, which led to the theory that he developed anti-Semitism during that period, since many teachers were Jews. The letter C in the middle name of former American President Harry S Truman does not mean any name. His parents could not agree on which grandfather to give him this name in honor of, and since both names began with s, they settled on that. In contrast, the F in John F. Kennedy stands for Fitzgerald.
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