Degreasing sheepskins and skins. simple recipes

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FACTORY TECHNOLOGIES AT HOME - SIMPLE RECIPES
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Degreasing sheepskins and skins. Simple recipes and tips

Factory technologies - simple recipes

Directory / Factory technology at home - simple recipes

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To haveremoving fat from sheepskins and skins can be used in two ways - dry or wet.

The first method is based on the ability of dry clay to absorb fats. This method is used for skins with strong hair and a thick and strong core. Animal skins are degreased mainly by the wet method. Dry clay absorbs fats more strongly if degreasing is done at low heat. Usually, batter is prepared from clay, which is used to spread greasy places on bakhtarma with a layer of 1 to 3 cm thick. The smeared sheepskins are hung in a warm room where the clay dries and absorbs the fat. Dried clay is knocked off the sheepskin with a stick. If the first spread has not absorbed all the fat, spread again and repeat up to 2-3 times until sufficient degreasing is achieved. Fatty sheepskins sometimes have to be smeared 5-6 times.

The clay used for degreasing must be pre-dried on the stove, ground into a fine powder and sifted through a sieve to separate it from small pebbles and other impurities. The described method is the simplest and at the same time the worst.

A more advanced method consists in processing sheepskins with clay in a special rotating drum. Sheepskin is loaded into the drum and clay is poured. Approximately 1 kg of clay is required for each sheepskin. Clay should be well dried and sifted. The drum should rotate slowly, no more than 12 revolutions per minute. With a faster rotation, the hair suffers, and you can completely ruin the sheepskin. After 1-2 hours of work, the fat-free sheepskins are unloaded from the drum. Clay can be cleaned in the same way as when degreasing with wet clay, i.e., hang it on a hook and knock out the clay with stick blows. It is possible to clean from clay in special mesh drums.

Degreasing skins with weak hair, as well as most animal products, is done with soda. On a bucket of water (12 l) take 80-100 g of soda ash. The solution is well mixed, and the sheepskin is washed in this solution. Washing can be carried out in an ordinary trough. The sheepskin is placed with the wool up and a soda solution is poured in so that it slightly covers the sheepskin. Wipe hair well with a wooden knife. Then the sheepskin is turned over, wiped from the side of the mezra, the dirty lye is poured out and washed in fresh, squeezed out and rinsed thoroughly with water. The lye left in the trough goes for a new sheepskin, after which it is poured out. Thus, each sheepskin passes through two solutions.

Some varieties of sheepskins and animal skins are degreased with liquid green soap, but it is best to produce it with the following mixture:

Liquid soap 300 g;
Soda 75 g;
Water 10 l.

When the washing is done from the mezdra side, the skin is turned face up and the hair is cleaned. Hair is cleaned with the following solution:

Liquid soap 1,5 kg;
Warm water 10 liters.

Rinse hair thoroughly with hands to the roots. When washing, it is not recommended to use caustic alkalis, since their addition greatly reduces the quality of the hair.

After this treatment, the skin is rinsed in water and this operation is repeated again until the wool is completely clean. When the skin is thoroughly cleaned, which needs special attention, it is freed from soap. This is achieved by washing in running water. If there is a river nearby, the skins folded into a basket are lowered into the river for several hours. If this is not possible, washing is carried out with frequent changes of water.

The next stage of work is the actual development. The production is different. Ordinary Russian production is fermentation, at which white rawhide sheepskins are obtained. The best varieties are tanned.

Author: Korolev V.A.

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