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FACTORY TECHNOLOGIES AT HOME - SIMPLE RECIPES
Blue for linen. Simple recipes and tips
Directory / Factory technology at home - simple recipes To give whiteness to washed linen, it is added when rinsing blue, which should give the linen a barely noticeable bluish tint. Both soluble and water-insoluble dyes are used as blue. The former include indigo carmine, soluble Parisian blue, blue aniline dyes; the second includes insoluble Parisian blue, ultramarine. Blue Ordinary Prussian blue is soluble in water in the presence of oxalic acid. Previously, powdered cobalt glass was used, now it has been completely superseded by blue ultramarine. Ultramarine is a cheap product and convenient for making bluing. It is easily distributed over the entire mass of water and, due to its lightness, does not settle to the bottom for a long time. Soluble dyes are used mainly in the form of essence and blue paper. Aniline blue dyes are more expensive than other soluble substances, but their coloring power is so great that it is still more profitable to use them for making blue. It is only necessary to remember that some aniline dyes discolor in the sun, so that when dried, the laundry can easily lose its soft bluish tint. Some aniline blues may turn red when ironed. The invariable aniline dyes suitable for use as blue are the following: methyl blue, methylene blue, and wool blue. Making Prussian blue soluble in water A water-soluble modification of Prussian blue can be obtained by pouring a solution of iron oxide salt into a solution of yellow blood salt (bluing). The process is carried out as follows. Prepare a solution of 2,17 kg of yellow blood salt in 11 liters of water. Separately dissolve 1 kg of ferric chloride in 10 liters of water. The latter solution is mixed with twice the volume of a saturated aqueous solution of Glauber's salt and this solution is added to the yellow blood salt solution. The addition of Glauber's salt prevents the resulting Prussian blue from dissolving, and by itself it does not participate in the reaction. The resulting precipitate is placed on a filter and washed with water until the water begins to turn blue, which is an indication that most of the salts have been removed. Further rinsing with water can dissolve significant amounts of Prussian blue. Therefore, the washing is stopped and the precipitate is either dissolved in the proper amount of water if a liquid blue is desired, or dried in air to obtain a solid product. According to another method, a solution of 70 parts by weight of iron sulphate is poured little by little into a boiling solution of 110 parts by weight of blood salt in water. The above two methods give good results, but these methods are not always feasible due to the shortage in our market and the high cost of ferric chloride required for the first method and red blood salt for the second method. Given the economic side of things, it is more cost-effective to start with yellow blood salt and iron sulfate, which are affordable. In this case, the process is somewhat more complicated. When a solution of iron sulphate (nitrous salt) is added to a solution of yellow blood salt, a white precipitate is obtained (usually it is not a white precipitate, but a blue one, due to oxidation with air) of ferruginous ferrous ferrous iron. If this precipitate is oxidized, for example by treatment with nitric acid, a water-insoluble modification of Prussian blue is obtained. The resulting insoluble modification can be converted into a soluble one if it is insisted, or even better, boiled with a solution of yellow blood salt. In some cases, an insoluble modification is used, since it dissolves in solutions of oxalic acid. In the practical implementation of this method, 2 kg of ferrous sulfate are taken for 2,6 kg of yellow blood salt. The amount of water is taken approximately 5-10 liters for each solution. To oxidize the white precipitate, a mixture of 0,34 kg of nitric acid beats is used. in 1,37 (39-40 ° Be) and 0,5 kg of sulfuric acid sp. V. 1,82 (65 °Be), resulting in approximately 1,4 kg of water-insoluble blue. To this amount of insoluble blue is added 0,7 kg of yellow blood salt. The output of the soluble product is about 2 kg. The processing of bluecali with iron sulphate is carried out in an open iron cauldron when heated in a water bath or with steam using a coil. A solution of iron sulphate is filtered through a muslin or a hair sieve and heated to 75-80 ° C, after which a bluecal solution is poured into it in small portions and with thorough mixing. The temperature at 80 ° C is maintained for 1,5-2 hours, after which sulfuric and nitric acids are added in small portions to the warm mass. From time to time, you should take a sample of the azure and examine the resulting shade. Above the boiler, it is necessary to arrange a canopy equipped with an exhaust device to remove the released nitrogen oxides. Lazure is washed from foreign impurities in settling tanks. Drying of the washed azure is carried out on wooden frames sheathed with canvas. Blue from Prussian blue should be applied after the linen is rinsed and washed from alkali, since in the presence of alkalis the solution of Prussian blue gives a greenish tint. Varieties of blue Liquid blue (cheaper)
The azure and oxalic acid are dissolved in boiling water and bottled. Blue in powder is nothing but ultramarine blue. Blue in tablets
Mix everything and add so much water to make a thick paste, which is laid out on a table 2-3 cm thick and cut with a zinc stamp or knife. Blue in the form of paste
Gum arabic is dissolved in water, glycerin is added and the cleaning solution is passed through the web. A well-mixed mixture of ultramarine and potato flour is added to the solution in such an amount that a thick dough is obtained. This dough is well kneaded (it is good to pass through a roller mill) and 600 g of lavender oil is added for every 1 g of ready-made blue. The dough is thoroughly kneaded and packed in tins of 25 g each. This paste spins the linen with a beautiful shade and shine. Liquid blue
Dissolve indigo and gum arabic in boiling water and bottle. blue paper
Oxalic acid is dissolved in water and Prussian blue is added (ordinary Prussian blue dissolves in water only if oxalic acid is added). Then they take thick white transfer paper, cut it into pieces of the appropriate size (the most convenient size is the size of the envelope) and immerse it in the solution. When the paper absorbs the solution well (which depends on the density and quality factor of the paper), it is dried and packed in envelopes. Blue-paper №2
Strips of thick unglued paper are prepared and immersed in this solution. The strips are stacked on top of each other, squeezed and dried on a rope. You can also use water-soluble blue aniline dye to make blue paper. When using ultramarine, prepare the following solution:
So much ultramarine is added to get a mass that is spread on white glued paper. Blue in the form of balls
Mix ultramarine with flour, sift this mixture several times through a sieve and scald with boiling water, which is added until a thick dough is obtained. This dough is dumped on a board equipped with side walls, and with the help of a roller, the dough is rolled into strips, which are cut first into strips and then into cubes. These cubes on stone tiles are rolled into balls. With a molding machine, molding is much easier. Blue in the form of balls №2
Mix all parts and proceed as above. Author: Korolev V.A.
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