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FACTORY TECHNOLOGIES AT HOME - SIMPLE RECIPES
Semi-core soaps. Simple recipes and tips
Directory / Factory technology at home - simple recipes Here are some recipes semi-kernel soap. Semi-kernel soap obtained indirectly When making soap using this method, the kernel is first boiled, and then soap glue from palm kernel or coconut oil is added to it. To prepare 1000 kg of finished soap, take:
First, horse and bone fat are saponified with caustic soda with a strength of 25 °Be, which requires about 227 kg of solution. Heat the mass and add 90 kg of lye (remaining when separating the kernel from the previous cooking) and 145 kg of water. When everything comes together well and the fats are completely saponified, start salting out the soap glue with 7-8% salt. Boil until clear lye begins to immediately flow from the paddle and until a good, fully cooked kernel is obtained. The boiler is covered overnight and the lye is allowed to settle well. In another boiler, 222 kg of caustic soda solution in 25 °Be is heated and 90 kg of liquid glass and 45 kg of water are mixed. 207 kg of palm kernel oil is gradually added to the mixture and heated well until complete saponification occurs. The remaining 20 kg of palm kernel oil is left in reserve for adjustment until the next morning. In the morning, the mass is brought to a light boil and sound soap made from bone and horse fat is added. As soon as all this produces a uniform, well-cooked soap mass, it is examined for alkali content (test on the tongue, or with a phenolphthalein solution). If the soap is alkaline, add a little palm kernel oil to it. If the soap boils easily and is clean, we can assume that the amount of lye taken is correct in relation to the total mass. If the soap turns out to be non-alkaline, then add in small portions a small amount of table salt solution with a strength of 24 °Be. If such an increase does not increase the alkalinity of the soap, then you need to add about 25 kg of a pure solution of sodium hydroxide at 25 °Be. It must be borne in mind that after adding table salt, the soap becomes alkaline. Excessive alkalinity is reduced by adding a small amount of palm kernel oil. The finished soap is left in the cauldron for several hours and then molded. Horse fat can be replaced with bone fat or other cheap fat. Semi-core coconut oil soap
First, sound soap is made from bone fat, lard and horse fat. It is cooked as indicated above. After allowing the core to settle, it is scooped into a special vessel, and the mother liquor is drained from underneath it. 28 kg of caustic soda with a strength of 24,5 °Be is poured into the boiler. To this solution add kernel soap made from horse and bone fats. All this is heated well, 25 kg of coconut oil is added to the resulting soap mass and allowed to combine well with caustic soda. 3 kg of coconut oil remain as reserve for adjustment. This soap can be filled with talc by mixing 8 kg of talc with 8 liters of hot water. A solution of 100 kg of table salt in hot water is added to this mixture until a solution with a strength of 24 °Be is obtained. This mixture is added to the soap mass and allowed to boil well. If the sample taken indicates that the soap has become thinner after adding talc, add the remaining coconut oil in molten form to it piece by piece. This soap is leveled with either table salt or coconut oil. Semi-kernel soap made by direct process Cooking in a direct way greatly simplifies the preparation of semi-kernel soap.
Heat 454 kg of caustic soda solution, add liquid glass and let it boil. Add fat and oil to the boiling solution, stirring constantly with a paddle. 20 kg of palm kernel oil is kept in reserve for further adjustment. When complete saponification of the fats occurs, the soap is allowed to boil vigorously. By adding spare oil, adjust the soap mass so that a sample with a slight excess of alkali (moderate burning) is obtained. The soap is colored and, if necessary, a solution of table salt with a strength of 15-18 °Be or a solution of soda is added to adjust. The boiled soap is left in the boiler for some time, and then poured into molds while still hot. Stir until the temperature drops to 70 °C, and then close the mold and allow the soap to cool completely. Preparation of semi-kernel soap by the carbonate process If we proceed from obtaining semi-nuclear soap from fatty acids, then soap can be obtained from them using carbonated alkalis. If a mixture of fatty acids and neutral fats is used, then soap is first made from fatty acids only, and only after carbonate saponification is completed, caustic alkali, liquid glass and neutral fat are added. If the fatty acids are dark, then it is recommended to cook indirectly, that is, make soap from fatty acids, salt out the core, remove the lye and then add caustic lye, liquid glass and neutral fat. If only fatty acids are subject to processing, then cooking is carried out according to the following recipe:
To saponify 100 kg of fatty acid, 21 kg of soda ash and 5 kg of sodium hydroxide solution are needed, provided that 100 kg of fatty acid contains only 90 kg of pure fatty acid and 10 kg of neutral fats. To avoid mistakes, you must first establish the percentage of neutral fats. 315 liters of water are poured into the cooking pot, brought to a boil, 95,3 kg of soda ash is dissolved in it and fatty acids are added. During cooking, add 13,5 kg of table salt so that the soap cooks in the core and does not rise too much. When all the fatty acid is combined with soda (test with phenolphthalein) and carbon dioxide has been removed, add a solution of sodium hydroxide and cook until a “slight burning” test occurs. The soap glue is allowed to cook for a while and then salted out. It is necessary to ensure that the core is not too swollen and that the settled liquor is easily separated. It is best to leave the kernel overnight in a covered kettle and drain the settled lye the next morning. 160 kg of water, 90 kg of liquid glass, 7,5 kg of caustic soda solution are added to the core and heated until a homogeneous soap mass is formed. Filling and polishing of soap is done in the usual way. If you work with pure light fatty acids, you can also cook directly and make soap in one step. Semi-core soap with an admixture of liquid vegetable oil
First, lard and linseed oil are saponified with a solution of caustic soda 15 °Be. When a well-cooked soap glue is obtained, add coconut oil and the required amount of caustic soda at 25 ° Be to saponify it. For every 10 kg of oil there is about 10 kg of caustic soda solution. When the soap mass has boiled well and completely combined with the lye, add 10% dry table salt. Boil until the mother liquor is completely separated. After settling, the mother liquor is removed, ground, settled, and the mother liquor is again removed and poured into molds. Author: Korolev V.A.
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