Woodworking machine with a horizontal cutting tool. Drawing, description

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Woodworking machine with a horizontal cutting tool. home workshop

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According to the principle of operation, the proposed machine is a circular saw, but the working body in it - a saw blade - unlike traditional ones, does not rotate in a vertical plane, but in a horizontal one (as if a circular "vice versa"). In addition, it is possible to use two more types of cutting tools: a shaped cutter (or a combination of cutters) and a collapsible nozzle with replaceable knives. If necessary, the machine can be configured as an emery for sharpening, for example, knives for an electric planer with a blade width of up to 250 mm.

Woodworking machine parts are made in a home workshop, except for those that require turning and milling. Welding work was also carried out by the Anod apparatus (VSB-81) of direct current. The design uses some finished products, such as a frame and a mechanism for moving an electric motor. But since not everyone can buy them, I developed and presented in the publication drawings of similar components and parts from available materials that do not degrade the performance of the machine.

The base-frame is assembled from cast-iron legs from a sewing machine, interconnected to increase rigidity by four (also cast-iron) jumpers (the article does not provide base drawings from 40x40 mm corners). A table cover is fixed on the frame, made of chipboard, reinforced with two longitudinal corners 30x30 mm. But first, the necessary holes are drilled in the lid. To do this, we turn the cover over, put it on the bed and make further assembly from above - it’s more convenient. First, we fasten the bracket to the cover with four screws and M8 nuts, to it - the base of the movement mechanism, then we assemble the mechanism itself and also fasten the electric motor to its plate with four screws and nuts. Now we turn the table cover over again and fix it on the bed, and on it - the bottom stop. We check the perpendicularity of the motor shaft to the table cover.

Woodworking machine with a horizontal cutting tool (click to enlarge): 1 - bed (corner 40x40); 2-unit of starting equipment; 3 - cover (chipboard, s20); 4 - adjustable emphasis; 5-working body; 6 - nozzle: 7 - electric motor; 8 - movement mechanism; 9 - top bracket; 10 - control panel; 11 - lower support; 12 - box of spare parts

Adjustable stop (click to enlarge): 1 - stop (pine, timber 100x40); 2 - guide rod (steel 45, bar Ø 16,2 pieces); 3 - thrust bearing (St3, sheet s4, 2 pcs.); 4 - guide sleeve (assembly unit: pipe 26x5, angle 50x50, 2 pcs.); 5 - stopper (M8 screw); 6 - screw 5x15 (6 pcs.)

The mechanism for moving the working body (click to enlarge): 1 - flywheel (carbolite); 2 - fixing screws M6; 3 - lead screw (steel 45, bar Ø18); 4 - screw bushing (steel 45, bar Ø 35); 5 - emphasis (St3, sheet s5); 6 - base (steel 45); 7 - support (steel 45); 8 - plate (duralumin D16T, sheet s6); 9-clamping screw M6 (3 pcs.); 10 - locknut M6 (3 pcs.); 11 - M6 screw (2 pcs.); 12 - clamp (steel 45, sheet s5); 13 - mother nut (steel 45)

On top of the table, we install a moving stop, which serves as a limiter for the departure of the working body. (When working, the workpiece is pressed against the stop and moved along the table towards the rotating working body.)

We put guide bushings on the guide rods of the adjustable stop, set the stop parallel to the longitudinal center line of the table cover and screw the guide bushings to the cover with screws.

The machine uses an AOL21-2 electric motor (N = 0,6 kW; n = 2800 rpm), connected in a triangle with a working capacitor to a 220 V household network. The electric motor is controlled by a push-button station with a magnetic starter. A nozzle machined from steel is fixed directly on the motor shaft with an M6 locking screw. Various working bodies are fixed on the nozzle with the help of adapter sleeves, the change of which can be carried out within a minute, a maximum of two.

The mechanism for moving the electric motor is also used ready - from a tape cutting machine, but you can also take a similar one from a lathe.

The system for removing sawdust and chips from the processing area consists of a figured casing and a soft sleeve sewn from dense fabric and fixed on the casing.

The woodworking machine has truly universal capabilities that allow them to be used quite widely in the processing of wood for domestic use. This machine can be of great help to any home craftsman when performing carpentry or finishing work from wood materials.

The thickness of the laths, bars, boards made on the machine is from 1 to 40 mm (when changing the size of the nozzle, it can be increased to 60 - 70 mm). The maximum width of the same products is 100 mm when using a circular saw with a diameter of 150 mm, and with a 200 mm disc - up to 140 mm. At the same time, the dimensions can be changed smoothly: the thickness - by lifting the electric motor, the width - by moving the saw blade out of the stop-limiter. Dimensioning accuracy ±0,2 mm.

Woodworking machine with a horizontal cutting tool
The lower support of the movement mechanism (corner 25x25)

Upper bracket of the movement mechanism (St3, sheet s5) (click to enlarge)

Collapsible nozzle with replaceable knives (click to enlarge): 1 - nozzle (steel 45, bar Ø 40); 2-flange (steel 45, circle Ø 80, s9,2 pcs.); 3-shaped knife (StP6M5, s2,3); 4 - spacer (pipe 35x4, 6 pcs.); 5 - washer (steel 45, circle Ø 30, s4); 6-nut M 18x1,5 (steel 45); 7-insert-"dummy"

Woodworking machine with a horizontal cutting tool
Elements for fastening circular saws: a - adapter sleeve; b - pressure washer

Woodworking machine with a horizontal cutting tool
Schematic diagram of the machine drive: M1 - electric motor AOL21-2 (0,6 kW, 2800 rpm); Ср-capacitor M6GO (20,0 uF x 400 V, 3 pcs.); KS-button station PKE 722-2U2; MP 1 - magnetic starter P6-121U 3; FU1, FU2 - fuse-links VP-6,3A (220 V)

When used as a working body, disk cutters (or a combination thereof) with a diameter of 80 and 100 mm and a thickness of 8 and 3 mm, respectively, can be selected on boards, bars, etc. grooves and quarters from 3 mm or more, as well as to produce tongue-and-groove boards. As an example: I made a ceiling with a total area of 27 m2 from such boards.

When working with a curly cutter, identical curly knives are inserted into both grooves.

The disk cutter (milling 80x8 mm for metal) has been slightly modified: every second tooth has been removed on it with an emery wheel.

If a collapsible shell cutter with replaceable knives is used as the working body of the machine, then various profiles can be made on boards, bars and slats. My set consists of ten interchangeable knives, all double-sided. The work in this case is done with one blade of one knife. In this case, a "dummy" is inserted into the second groove of the flanges - a plate of the same thickness and height as the knife, but a little less than the length of the groove.

Author: A.Anikin

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