Universal machine. Drawing, description

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Universal machine. home workshop

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Versatility is the main advantage of the multi-operational machine for wood processing developed by me. He can handle turning, jointing, sawing material, drilling and milling, tenoning operations. In the end, you can sharpen a tool on it or turn it into a carpentry workbench.

Lathe. It is the basis of the "station wagon" and consists of a bedside table, a frame, front and rear headstock, a hand rest, a platform for the headstock and a bracket for mounting the electric motor.

The frame of the nightstand is made of steel angle 30x30 mm. The bed is made of the same profile, but with shelves 50x50 mm. In total, it took four racks and two guides, which are interconnected with M8 bolts. The platform for the headstock is a "box" welded from two sections of a channel 100x50 mm 400 mm long and a pair of steel plates 400x100 mm 2 mm thick connected with M6 screws. The bracket for the electric motor is made of corners 50x50 mm, 280 mm long, attached to the platform of the headstock. The box itself is screwed to the cantilever outlets of the bed guides with two M12 bolts: one of them serves as the axis of rotation of the box with the headstock, and the second serves as a lock for its horizontal or vertical position.

The electric motor (power 1 kW at 2850 rpm) is mounted on a bracket and connected to the spindle with a V-belt.

Universal woodworking machine (click to enlarge): 1 - bedside table frame (corner 30x30); 2 - bed stand (corner 50x50, 4 pcs.); 3 - bed guide (corner 50x50, 2 pcs.); 4 - headstock platform (channel 100x50, L400); 5 - headstock; 6 - handpiece; 7 - tailstock; 8 - planer table; 9 - knife shaft; 10 - motor bracket (corner 50x50); 11 - electric motor

This is the general design scheme of the lathe. Now about the devices that turn it at the request of the worker into a number of other woodworking machines.

Circular Saw. It is made as a prefix and consists of a working table, a circular saw and protective casings. To work, her table is fixed on the bed guides with the help of four racks - steel rods (studs) with an M16 thread. The saw blade is mounted on the headstock spindle and clamped with a nut between washers and rings. Protective covers are installed above and below the disk. In the lower casing, attached to the frame, there is a hole and a branch pipe through which sawdust is discharged. There is a stop bar on the table: it can be moved along the guides, thereby adjusting the width of the cut material.

Universal machine
Circular saw: 1 - drive with spindle; 2 - saw blade; 3 - upper safety cover; 4 - casing stand; 5 - thrust bar; 6 - desktop; 7 - racks; 8 - guide beds

Planer. His table is fixed on the frame of the nightstand. Knife shaft with replaceable knives - from an electric planer. A pulley with a diameter of 100 mm is attached to the shaft. The drum is installed on the left side of the bedside table, one of the compartments of which is a chip collector. To bring the knife drum into rotation, a pulley with a diameter of 80 mm is put on the spindle. The material being processed is pressed against the table by a roller with a spring fixed on guides (not shown in the figure). Feed material manually.

Universal machine
Planer: 1 - drive; 2 - spindle; 3 - pulley; 4 - belt; 5 - desktop; 6 - knife drum

sharpening machine. In order to convert a lathe into a grindstone, it is enough to install an abrasive wheel on the headstock spindle, and fix the casing and hand rest on the bed.

Universal machine
Sharpening machine: 1 - drive with spindle; 2 - grinding wheel; 3 - casing; 4 - handguard

Tenoning machine. For such a transformation, the headstock of the lathe, turning around the hinge bolt, is transferred from a horizontal position to a vertical one and fixed with a second bolt. A circular saw or cutter is fixed on the spindle. A table from a circular saw is installed on the bed, while its height is adjusted with nuts. The depth of cut is set by moving the casing and the thrust bar.

Universal machine
Tenoning machine: 1 - drive; 2 - fixing bolt; 3 - spindle; 4 - cutter; 5 - casing; 6 - table; 7 - adjusting nut; 8 - bolt-axis M12; 9 - bed

Carpentry workbench. To make it from a lathe, a workbench (900x250x40) is fixed on the bed with two bolts, in which a number of square holes for wedges are made. The second board - the pressure board is installed to the right of the first one, it has one square hole. Clamp the blanks between the boards with a screw. On the bottom of the boards there are steel corners: on the bench - a corner with guide bushings and a nut welded to it, and on the clamping one - with guide rods and a screw.

Universal machine
Joiner's workbench: 1 - guide beds; 2 - bolts; 3 - workbench; 4 - clamping board of the vise; 5 - clamping screw; 6 - bedside table

In the non-working position, both boards of the workbench are attached to the back wall of the bedside table.

All accessories for the machine are stored in the cabinet on the right side of the bedside table. The top shelf of the cabinet is designed for auxiliary tools.

Thus, this universal machine, located on one square meter, replaces a whole complex of woodworking machines.

Author: G. Lyubchenko

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