Water supply in the Arctic. Travel Tips

TOURIST ADVICE
Free library / Directory / Tourist tips

Water supply in the Arctic. Travel Tips

Tourist tips

Как secure water in the Arctic?

Dehydration of the body can occur not only in conditions of high temperatures, when the body is struggling with overheating. At negative temperatures, water losses are very significant due to increased sweating during intense physical activity, and also because of the warm clothing that restricts movement in which this work has to be done. Dehydration of the body occurs as a result of low temperature and dryness of the air entering the lungs, to which it reacts, first of all, with increased urination (cold diuresis). An increase in urination increases the loss of sodium chloride in the body and causes a violation of water-salt metabolism.

In the cold season in the coastal zone and when crossing sea ice, the source of water is the "old ice". In young ice, the gaps between ice crystals are filled with salt cells with brine, which was released during the period of ice formation. The high salinity of young ice makes it completely unsuitable for obtaining fresh water.

Natural "desalination" of ice occurs due to the lowering of the brine into the lower layers during prolonged freezing, so the older the ice, the less salt it contains. The upper part of multi-year pack ice rising above the level of the ice field is often completely fresh. Such ice is found on the coast, it can be recognized by its peculiar blue color, smooth outlines and brilliance. The deeper the blue shade of the ice, the more suitable it is for drinking water. However, old ice that has been exposed to salt spray for a long time should not be consumed.

Fresh sea ice is white, sometimes with greenish hues, and is characterized by sharp edges. This ice is salty and, as mentioned above, is not suitable for drinking water.

Dense, packed snow can also serve as a source of water, but the output of water from it is very small, only 10-12%, and a lot of fuel will be required to melt it. In the tundra and forest-tundra it is best to use the fresh ice of rivers and lakes.

Ice produces twice as much water as snow, with half the amount of heat. To get water from snow, melt a small amount of it in a pot, and then gradually add more snow to it. If you fill the kettle completely, then when the snow melts, a cavity forms at the bottom, which prevents the snow from melting and can lead to the kettle burning out. The surface layer of snow provides less water than the lower layers.

In summer, the problem of drinking water is completely solved by streams, fresh lakes and rivers, as well as accumulations of melt water on snowfields.

We recommend interesting articles Section Tourist tips:

▪ Orientation of the map by ground objects

▪ Marine Algae

▪ Running simple knot

See other articles Section Tourist tips.

Read and write useful comments on this article.

<< Back

Latest news of science and technology, new electronics:

Alcohol content of warm beer 07.05.2024

Beer, as one of the most common alcoholic drinks, has its own unique taste, which can change depending on the temperature of consumption. A new study by an international team of scientists has found that beer temperature has a significant impact on the perception of alcoholic taste. The study, led by materials scientist Lei Jiang, found that at different temperatures, ethanol and water molecules form different types of clusters, which affects the perception of alcoholic taste. At low temperatures, more pyramid-like clusters form, which reduces the pungency of the "ethanol" taste and makes the drink taste less alcoholic. On the contrary, as the temperature increases, the clusters become more chain-like, resulting in a more pronounced alcoholic taste. This explains why the taste of some alcoholic drinks, such as baijiu, can change depending on temperature. The data obtained opens up new prospects for beverage manufacturers, ... >>

Major risk factor for gambling addiction 07.05.2024

Computer games are becoming an increasingly popular form of entertainment among teenagers, but the associated risk of gaming addiction remains a significant problem. American scientists conducted a study to determine the main factors contributing to this addiction and offer recommendations for its prevention. Over the course of six years, 385 teenagers were followed to find out what factors may predispose them to gambling addiction. The results showed that 90% of study participants were not at risk of addiction, while 10% became gambling addicts. It turned out that the key factor in the onset of gambling addiction is a low level of prosocial behavior. Teenagers with a low level of prosocial behavior do not show interest in the help and support of others, which can lead to a loss of contact with the real world and a deepening dependence on virtual reality offered by computer games. Based on these results, scientists ... >>

Traffic noise delays the growth of chicks 06.05.2024

The sounds that surround us in modern cities are becoming increasingly piercing. However, few people think about how this noise affects the animal world, especially such delicate creatures as chicks that have not yet hatched from their eggs. Recent research is shedding light on this issue, indicating serious consequences for their development and survival. Scientists have found that exposure of zebra diamondback chicks to traffic noise can cause serious disruption to their development. Experiments have shown that noise pollution can significantly delay their hatching, and those chicks that do emerge face a number of health-promoting problems. The researchers also found that the negative effects of noise pollution extend into the adult birds. Reduced chances of reproduction and decreased fertility indicate the long-term effects that traffic noise has on wildlife. The study results highlight the need ... >>

Random news from the Archive

Power plant on bacteria 02.09.2000

A group of biochemists from the University of Michigan (USA) has assembled a fuel cell that runs on bacteria.

Bacteria, like other living cells, decompose glucose and convert the resulting energy into adenosine triphosphate, the universal energy currency of the cell. In the course of this process, a flow of electrons arises, which activates all the systems of the cell.

Biochemists have introduced molecules into the outer membrane of bacteria that divert part of the electron flow to themselves. A fuel cell fueled by a glucose solution generates a voltage of 0,6 volts at a current of up to 17 milliamps. After some improvement, it is supposed to use such batteries in portable communications equipment.

Meanwhile, in one of the universities in Israel, a method is being developed to divert part of the energy from human cells in a similar way. Then it will be possible to feed with its own electricity, for example, an implanted hearing aid or a heart pacemaker.

Other interesting news:

▪ Solid State Drive for Mining Team Group Chia

▪ Vector video codec developed

▪ Sensor for diagnosing diseases by sweat

▪ Powerful graphene material for high-performance supercapacitors

▪ MATSUSHITA ELECTRIC introduced fur lamps

News feed of science and technology, new electronics

Interesting materials of the Free Technical Library:

▪ section of the site for the Builder, home craftsman. Selection of articles

▪ article The verb to burn people's hearts. Popular expression

▪ article In what scientific journal was the Wright brothers' first report on their achievements published? Detailed answer

▪ article Pharmacist-cosmetologist. Job description

▪ article VHF Frequency Synthesizer. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

▪ article Charger for a digital camera. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

Leave your comment on this article:

All languages of this page

Home page | Library | Articles | Website map | Site Reviews