Grid on the universal transverse Mercator projection (SUPM). Travel Tips

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Grid on the universal transverse Mercator projection (SUPM). Travel Tips

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At one time, the US Military Mapping Agency (now the National Agency for Visual Aids and Mapping) developed a special system of rectangular coordinates for the needs of the military department. The system was named "Grid on the Universal Transverse Mercator Projection" (SUPM). It covers the entire globe with a network of lines, the distance between which on the ground is 1000 m. The SUPM system divides the globe into 60 numbered zones (like slices of an orange), measured from pole to pole and each extending in longitude 6 °. Zone 1 extends from the International Date Line (180°W) to 174°W. d., zone 2 - from 174°w. up to 168°w. and so on up to zone 60, covering the segment of the globe from 174°E. to the International Date Line.

The center line of each zone, drawn from pole to pole and dividing it into two equal halves, is assigned a value of 500 m. The position of a point to the east of the axis is indicated by a number greater than 000, and to the west by a number less than 500. Northern and southern declinations are estimated relative to the equator, which is assigned a value of zero.

SUPM provides location indication with an accuracy of one square meter. The complete set of coordinates of a point on the earth's surface in accordance with this system includes the number of the zone, the eastern declination (relative to the western border of the zone), and the distance to the north or south of the equator.

For example, the full CMTS coordinates of a point located in central New York might be: zone 18453924E 4506327N. However, the indication of full coordinates with the definition of a specific square meter of area is rarely required. In most cases, a six-digit coordinate value with an indication of a 100x100 m square is sufficient. Then, for the mentioned point in the center of New York, the location determinant is reduced to 539.

The SUPM grid is present on most topographic maps produced in the USA, Canada, France, Germany and Australia. The use of the grid is confirmed by a laconic inscription in the corner of the map, which also indicates the number of the zone and the way the grid is presented, for example, "SUPPM marks with a discharge of 1000 m, zone 18, color blue". On most American maps, grid lines are not drawn on the main field of the map, but are marked with strokes across the field of the sheet.

It is enough for the user to connect them with lines using a pencil or to impose a transparent coordinate template on the map.

The grid lines are usually numbered as follows: 380000mE for east declination and 4045000mN for north declination. Larger, bold numbers indicate intervals of 1 km. Often, the full designation of coordinates is given only at the corners of the map, and intermediate strokes are marked only with two-digit numbers with a spacing of 1 km.

Author: N. Wilson

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