Heron fountain. Drawing, description

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Heron fountain. Children's Science Lab

Children's Science Lab

Hero of Alexandria, who lived in the XNUMXnd century BC, was an outstanding physicist and mechanic of the ancient world. In his works we find descriptions of various mechanisms based on the properties of air and compressed gases, including hundreds of unusual toys and entertaining devices that awakened creative philosophical thought. Some of the ideas that he used seemed to be ahead of their time by two millennia.

It's funny, isn't it? Anyone who is looking for "chronoclasms" - the mysterious penetration of modern knowledge into the past, needs to take a closer look at Heron ... Today we will talk about one rather everyday design of the Greek scientist, which will help us refresh the water in the aquarium or humidify the air in the room - Geronov fountain. It works completely silently. Three empty bottles, pieces of glass and rubber tubes - that's all you need to make it. Of course, Heron himself used metal vessels, and we simplified the design, leaving only the principle of its operation unshakable.

Here's how it goes. Water from bottle 1 flows through a glass tube and hose into bottle 2 (it was empty before work began) and displaces air from it. It enters bottle 3 through a hose and literally squeezes water out of it through a tube lowered almost to the bottom. Passing through the hose, she beats with a fountain.

Heron fountain

Now some clarifications. Bottle 1 should be located higher than 2. The difference in water levels in them will be denoted by H. Bottle 3 can be placed anywhere. However, the height of the fountain relative to the water level and this bottle cannot be more than H. The main thing in the whole design is tightness. Corks are better cork. Each has two holes, two glass tubes are inserted into them. In principle, holes can be made with a drill, but it is better to use a special cutter that you will find in a physics or chemistry classroom.

A hose is put on each of the tubes, except for the one that comes from bottle 1.

The duration of the fountain depends on many factors. First of all, the volume of the bottle. It decreases if the level difference H increases. Naturally, it can be increased if the diameter of the hole from which the jet flows out decreases. To do this, it is better to strengthen a cork with a small hole at the end of the outlet hose. Or use the metal tip of a ballpoint pen. In this case, at H = 1 m volume of a bottle of 1 liter, the duration of the fountain will exceed 1 hour.

Improving an old classic invention is not an easy task. But this is exactly what was done with the Heron Fountain a few years ago. Imagine that bottles 1 and 3 are on the table, and 2 are on the floor. We put on the floor and on the table another bottle. Let's call them 2a and 3a, respectively. Connect bottles 2 to 2a, and then bottles 3a and 2a. The fountain from the last bottle will already be able to rise to a height of XNUMXH! And so you can continue without end, getting a jet of any height ...

Author: A.Nikolaev

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