traffic light model. Scheme, description

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traffic light model. Radio - for beginners

Radio - for beginners

This automaton (Fig. 1), which can be a useful demonstration tool for group study of the rules of the road, consists of a pulse generator on the elements DD1.1-DD1.3, an inverter DD1.4, a JK flip-flop DD2, a logical node on the elements DD3.1 .3.3-DD1, transistors VT3-VT1 operating in key mode, and incandescent signal lamps HL3-HLXNUMX.

Fig 1. Traffic light model

The color of the traffic light on is determined by the logical state of the elements DD3.1-DD3.3, which can be seen from the table in this figure.

Suppose that at the moment from which we begin to analyze the operation of the automaton, the element DD1.4 and the trigger DD2 are in a single state (the top line of the table). At this time, the state of the element DD3.3 is zero, the transistor VT3 is open and, therefore, the green lamp HL3 is on. The elements DD3.1 and DD3.2 are in a single state, the transistors VT1 and VT2 are closed and the lamps HL1 and HL2 do not light. On the decline of the pulse at the output of the element DD1.4, the trigger DD2 switches to the zero state (second row of the table).

At this moment, a low level voltage will appear at its direct output (pin 8), and a high level voltage will appear at the inverse (pin 6). In this case, the DD3.3 element is in a single state, the VT3 transistor closes and the HL3 lamp goes out, but the red HL1 lamp turns on, since now the DD3.1 element will be in the zero state, and the transistor VT1 will be open. The HL2 lamp does not shine at this time, because the DD3.2 element is in a single state. The front of the next pulse at the output of the element DD1.4 does not change the logical state of the trigger and the elements of the logical node.

On the decline of this pulse, the trigger and after it the element DD3.1 switch to the zero state, and the elements DD3.2 and DD3.3 switch to the single state (second row of the table). In this case, the green signal lamp HL3 goes out and the red lamp HL1 lights up. On the decline of the next pulse coming from the generator to the input C of the trigger through the inverter DD1.4, the trigger and the elements DD3.1, DD3.2 are in the zero state, and the element DD3.3 remains in the single state (third row of the table). Now the yellow signal lamp HL2 lights up and the red signal lamp HL1 continues to light.

The decline of the next pulse extinguishes the lamps HL1 and HL2 and re-lights the green lamp HL3. From the next pulse, the cycle of the traffic light model is repeated.

The power source of such an automaton can be a rectifier, a 3336 battery, or three or four 343 cells connected in series. Transistors in the device-series GT402 or GT403 with any letter index. The function of electronic keys can also be performed by low-power p-n-p transistors of the MP39-MP42, GT308 series, but then the signal lamps HL1-HL3 should be for a lower heating current, for example, MH2,5-0,06 lamps.

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