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Irga is spiked. Legends, myths, symbolism, description, cultivation, methods of application

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Content

1. Photos, basic scientific information, legends, myths, symbolism
2. Genus, family, origin, range, chemical composition, economic importance
3. Botanical description, reference data, useful information, illustrations
4. Recipes for use in traditional medicine and cosmetology
5. Tips for growing, harvesting and storing

Irga spiked, Amelanchier spicata. Photos of the plant, basic scientific information, legends, myths, symbolism

Basic scientific information, legends, myths, symbolism

Sort by: Amelanchier

Family: Pink (Rosaceae)

Origin: Northern Hemisphere, Europe, Asia, North America.

Area: Irga spiky is common in the northern regions of Europe and Asia, as well as in North America.

Chemical composition: The fruits of irgi spiky contain a lot of phenols, anthocyanins and carotenoids, as well as vitamins C and E.

Economic value: The fruits of irgi spiky are tasty and nutritious. They are used to make jams, jams, pies and other confectionery products. In addition, the plant is used in landscape design. In folk medicine, the fruits of irgi spicata are used as a remedy for diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, metabolic disorders and problems with the cardiovascular system.

Legends and myths: In some folk traditions of North America, the shadberry can be associated with the mythology and traditions of the local peoples. Irga spiky can be a symbol of beauty and elegance due to its graceful shape and beautiful flowers. Irga spiky can be a symbol of inspiration and creativity due to its beauty and elegance, which can inspire creative ideas and projects. In general, shadberry can be a symbol of beauty and elegance, nature and the environment, variability and change, inspiration and creativity, cyclicality and rebirth.

Irga spiked, Amelanchier spicata. Description, illustrations of the plant

Irga spiked, Amelanchier spicata. Botanical description of the plant, area, methods of application, cultivation

The scientific name of the genus Amelanchier appears to be derived from the Provençal word amelanche, referring to the honey-like taste of the fruit. According to another hypothesis, amelanchier (read amelanchier) is a Provencal name that comes from amelanche - the name of the fruit of one of the types of shadberry - round-leaved shadberry (Amelanchier ovalis). The word is of Celtic origin.

Shrub up to 4-8 m high with erect stems and a powerful system of hypogeogenic rhizomes. The kidneys are cone-shaped, sharp, reddish-brown. The apical bud is 6-12 mm long, the lateral buds are smaller and deviate sideways. Kidney scales are hairless, with a golden-brown membranous border, along the edge with long white ciliated hairs.

The leaves are alternate, broadly elliptical, ovate or oval, 2,5-6 cm long, 2-3,5 cm wide. The apex of the leaf is short-pointed, the base is rounded or heart-shaped. Young leaves are olive green. The leaves on the underside are felted at the beginning of the growing season, later glabrous. There are small sharp teeth along the edge of the leaf, not reaching the base of the plate, usually 5-7 teeth per 1 cm of length. Leaves without noticeable autumn color. Stipules linear, pubescent, rapidly falling.

Flowers numerous, white. Flower diameter 16-24 mm. Sepals acute, oblong-triangular, 2-3 mm long. Petals 6-10 mm long, oblong-oval. In a flower there are 20 stamens with bare filaments, 5 columns of pistils grow together to about half. Lower tie. A short and narrow raceme is directed vertically, 8-12 cm long with 4-10 flowers, resembles an ear. Especially abundant flowering and fruiting occurs on the apical shoots of the previous year.

Mature fruits are purple-black with a bluish bloom, erect sepals remain in the fruits, the top of the ovary is densely hairy. Fruit type - apple, diameter - up to 10 mm. Unripe fruits are red. In central Europe, they ripen in July-August. The seeds are spread by birds. The fruits are eaten fresh, processed into jam, marshmallow, jelly, wine. Dry fruits are an integral part of compotes and jelly made from dried fruits, giving them a beautiful color.

It is hypothesized that the shadberry appeared as a result of natural hybridization between the European species of the round-leaved shadberry (Amelanchier ovalis) and the Canadian shadberry (Amelanchier canadensis) brought to Europe. According to another hypothesis, the shadberry arose from the hybridization of Amelanchier canadensis and Amelanchier stolonifera Weig. The latter is a low-growing North American shrub, barely reaching a height of 2 m, and in a number of ways it is similar to irga spiky.

The natural range of the ancestor of the irgi spiky occupies the eastern part of Canada and the USA from Newfoundland to the state of Alabama, west to Missouri and Minnesota, south to South Carolina. In Europe, it settled due to its cultivation and the distribution of its seeds by birds.

It forms single inclusions in the undergrowth of forest communities, only occasionally forming extensive thickets. Such thickets, for example, are noted in the Usmansky forest in the northern part of the Voronezh region. In them, the shadberry suppresses the renewal of not only native tree species, but even species of the herbaceous layer. In the Baltic countries, the species invades coastal areas, occupying wooded dunes. The rapid spread of spiked shadberry can lead to inhibition of pine growth and change the entire landscape. In Germany and Denmark, the shadberry is found along railways, on roadsides, along the edges of oak forests, on poor, dry soils.

Fruits contain more than 10% sugar, 0,5-1% organic acids (mainly malic), provitamin A, vitamins C (up to 40 mg%) and group B, coumarins, sterols, tannins (up to 0,8%), flavonols (up to 40%), trace elements (copper, lead, cobalt). Irga is richer in carotene content than cherries and blackberries, and in vitamin C - than apple, pear, peach, plum and grapes.

Irgi fruits have a peculiar taste and are used as a fresh delicacy and for processing. Juices, jelly, jam, jam, marshmallow, jam, compotes, jelly, tincture, liqueur, wine are prepared from them; fruits are also dried. Irga is combined in jam with almost all berries and fruits, but it ripens before everyone else, so it can be collected and frozen, and then jams can be prepared in combination with other fruits. Irgi berries ripen gradually, so they must be collected in portions. If the summer is rainy, then the irgu has to be collected 2-3 times. When pressed, juice flows out of a ripe berry. Ripe berries are stored outside the refrigerator for no longer than 3-4 days.

Since irga is rich in rutin (vitamin P), it is useful for people with heart disease. This vitamin helps strengthen blood vessels, cleanses their walls of cholesterol plaques. Thus, rutin prevents the fragility of blood vessels, restores their elasticity. Therefore, the berries of this plant are considered one of the best means for the prevention of atherosclerosis, heart attack and stroke.

Irgi fruits contain a complex of biologically active substances, which determines their medicinal properties for gum disease, eye diseases, and gastrointestinal disorders (as an anti-inflammatory agent). Irga lowers blood pressure and has a tonic effect.

Irgi juice has an astringent and anti-inflammatory effect. Irga is used to prevent hypovitaminosis and beriberi. Also used to treat the liver, kidneys, heart, stomach. Irga normalizes sleep and strengthens the body. The berries contain beta-sitosterol, which has an anti-sclerotic effect.

On the basis of the flowers of the plant, healing agents are prepared, with the help of which they normalize the functioning of the heart. The leaves, the bark of the shrub have astringent, enveloping properties. Therefore, on their basis, preparations are prepared for the treatment of diarrhea and enterocolitis. An infusion of the bark is useful to drink with hypertension. Decoctions, teas, tinctures are prepared from fresh, dried leaves. They are taken for insomnia, nervous strain, to relax and calm down.

Irgi berries in large quantities are not recommended for people with low blood pressure. There is also evidence that irga is contraindicated for people driving, because. have a calming effect and the driver can fall asleep on the road.

Abundant flowering, tasty and decorative fruits, exquisite autumn leaf color, undemanding to soils, drought resistance, early maturity, rapid growth, winter hardiness, annual fruiting - all this makes the irga a very attractive plant for the gardener. In the northern regions, it is one of the reliable and hardy rootstocks for dwarf pears and apple trees.

In folk medicine, the juice is used for gargling with sore throats, inflammation of the oral cavity, decoctions of the bark and leaves - as an astringent and enveloping agent. Fresh fruit juice has astringent properties and is used as a medicinal drink for intestinal disorders.

As a fruit plant, irga has been known in Europe since the 60th century. First it was cultivated in England, then in Holland. The berries were used to make wine reminiscent of Cahors. In the XNUMXth century, the first industrial plantings were carried out in the USA and Canada. Irga is very popular there to this day and is cultivated in both home gardens and commercial gardens. The center of breeding work over the past XNUMX years has been Canada, where varieties of Altaglow with white fruits, large-fruited Forestburg, fragrant Pembina, Smokey with white berries were obtained. Winter-hardy and sweet Moonlake, Nelson, Sturgeon, Slate, Regent, Honeywood have proven themselves well.

Irgu is propagated by sowing seeds, cuttings, root shoots and dividing the bush. The growth of bushes is due to root offspring. Easily tolerates a haircut, having 15-20 or more growth shoots.

Irga spiked, Amelanchier spicata. Recipes for use in traditional medicine and cosmetology

Ethnoscience:

• To strengthen the immune system: use fresh shadberry berries as an ingredient for making tea or decoction. Add a handful of berries to boiling water and leave for 10-15 minutes. Drink 1-2 glasses a day.
• To treat a cold: prepare a decoction of the bark of the irgi. To do this, pour 2 tablespoons of chopped bark with 500 ml of boiling water and leave for 30 minutes. Drink 1 glass a day.
• To improve vision: use shadberry berries as an ingredient for making juice. To do this, chop the berries and squeeze the juice through cheesecloth. Drink 1-2 glasses of juice daily.
• For the treatment of skin problems: use shadberry seed oil to massage the skin. The oil has anti-inflammatory properties and helps moisturize the skin. To prepare the oil, mix 2 tablespoons of shadberry seeds with 100 ml of olive oil and infuse for 2-3 weeks. Then strain and use the massage oil.

Cosmetology:

• To strengthen hair: use an infusion of the bark of the shadberry spiky as a hair conditioner. To do this, pour 2 tablespoons of chopped bark with 500 ml of boiling water and leave for 30 minutes. Then use the infusion to rinse your hair after washing.
• To fight wrinkles: use a mask from the berries of spiky shadberry. To prepare the mask, grind the berries of the shadberry and add 1 tablespoon of honey. Apply the mask on your face and leave on for 15-20 minutes.

Attention! Before use, consult with a specialist!

Irga spiked, Amelanchier spicata. Tips for growing, harvesting and storing

Irga spicata (Amelanchier spicata) is an ornamental shrub that is also used as a food and medicinal plant.

Tips for growing, harvesting and storing shadberry:

Cultivation:

• Irga spiky prefers a sunny or semi-shady location. It can grow in both acidic and alkaline soils.
• Plants can be grown from seeds, cuttings or seedlings. Seeds should be sown in spring and cuttings can be rooted during the summer.
• The distance between plants should be about 1-1,5 meters.
• Planting depth of seedlings should be such that the roots are at ground level.
• Planting shadberry is best done in the autumn.
• Irga spiky needs regular watering during periods of drought and top dressing with fertilizers in spring and summer.
• Plants need pruning to keep their shape and improve growth quality.
• Irgu spiky should be protected from strong winds and severe frost.

Workpiece:

• Berries of shadberry can be used to make jam, jam, juice and other canned foods.
• Berries are best picked after the first autumn frosts. They should be thoroughly washed, pitted and used for food preparation.

Storage:

• Fresh berries of shadberry can be stored in the refrigerator for several days.
• For longer storage, berries can be frozen or dried.
• Dried berries should be stored in a cool and dry place in containers or bags.

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