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CULTURAL AND WILD PLANTS
Seaweed (Japanese kelp). Legends, myths, symbolism, description, cultivation, methods of application
Directory / Cultivated and wild plants Content
Seaweed (Japanese kelp), Laminaria. Photos of the plant, basic scientific information, legends, myths, symbolism
Basic scientific information, legends, myths, symbolism Sort by: laminaria Family: Laminariaceae (Laminariaceae) Origin: Seaweed (Laminaria) is native to the cold sea waters of the Northern Hemisphere, including the northeast coast of Japan, Korea, China, Russia and other regions. Area: Seaweed is found in northern sea waters throughout the world, including the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. Chemical composition: Seaweed contains many useful substances, including iodine, iron, calcium, magnesium, potassium, beta-carotene, B vitamins and vitamin E. In addition, it is rich in alginates, fucose, laminarin, mannitol and other carbohydrates. Economic value: Seaweed is a valuable food item that is popular in Japan and other countries. It is often included in soups, salads, fish dishes and other dishes. In addition, seaweed is used in the cosmetics and pharmaceutical industries for its unique properties such as skin hydration, inflammation reduction, and immune system stimulation. Also, seaweed is used in the production of fertilizers and feed additives for animals. Legends, myths, symbolism: In Japan, seaweed is traditionally considered a symbol of longevity and health. It is also considered a sacred plant and is used in ceremonies and rituals. In China, seaweed is widely used in traditional medicine to treat various ailments such as hypertension, diabetes, and depression. In Western cultures, seaweed has become popular in recent times for its nutritional benefits and ability to aid in weight management. However, it is often associated with Japanese cuisine and the Japanese lifestyle, including the concept of "ikigai" - a life goal that includes a healthy lifestyle and a balance between physical and spiritual well-being.
Seaweed (Japanese kelp), Laminaria. Description, illustrations of the plant Japanese kelp (seaweed), Laminaria japonica aresch and Laminaria sugary, Laminaria saccharina (L.) Lamour. Botanical description, habitat and habitats, chemical composition, use in medicine and industry
Marine brown algae of the laminaria family (Laminariaceae). The thallus of the plant is attached by highly developed root-like formations - rhizoids - to rocky soil. The life expectancy of kelp is from 2 to 4 years, depending on climatic conditions. Laminaria forms extensive thickets in all northern and Far Eastern seas at a depth of up to 20 m. The plant is harvested mainly in the White Sea, algae are caught with special devices (poles, long rakes) at a depth of 5-6 m; dried in the sun. Range and habitats. Japanese kelp is common in the southern regions of the Sea of Japan and the Sea of Okhotsk. In the White and Kara Seas, sugar kelp and palmate kelp live, which are used for medical and food purposes. Laminaria grow in dense thickets in places with constant flow, forming the so-called "kelp belt" at a certain depth along the coast. Large underwater "algal forests" are usually formed at a depth of 4-10 m. On rocky ground, kelp in some areas are found up to a depth of 35 m. Chemical composition. The thallus of the plant contains high-molecular polysaccharides: kelp - up to 21%, mannitol - up to 21%, 1-fructose - up to 4%, alginic acid - up to 25%, iodides and diiodothyrosine - 2,7-3%, vitamins: B1 3000-4000 ME in 1 kg), B2 and Bi2, A, C, D, E, mineral salts of potassium, sodium, magnesium, bromine, cobalt, iodine, etc. Application in medicine. Previously, the action of seaweed was associated only with the presence of organic iodine compounds in it. Iodine is part of the thyroid hormone. It enhances protein assimilation and better absorption of phosphorus, calcium and iron, activates a number of enzymes. There are indications that under the influence of iodine, blood viscosity decreases, vascular tone and blood pressure decrease. Laminaria reduces plasma cholesterol, delays the development of experimental atherosclerosis in experimental animals. Laminarin sulfate has an anticoagulant effect similar to heparin, but less strong. Seaweed has long been used in medicine in Eastern countries - China, Japan, etc. It was used as a tonic for various diseases. Currently, seaweed powder is used everywhere. Seaweed is prescribed for atherosclerosis, for the treatment and prevention of endemic goiter, hyperthyroidism, mild forms of Graves' disease, for chronic and acute enterocolitis, proctitis, as a laxative and laxative for chronic constipation. When prescribing seaweed for therapeutic and prophylactic purposes, the physiological need of the body for iodine is taken into account and does not exceed it. Seaweed powder. Leathery plates of a greenish-brown color, often with a whitish coating (crystallized mannitol), with a peculiar smell and slightly salty taste. Assign 72 teaspoons per day. The course of treatment is 15-30 days. Take at night by shaking the powder in water. In order to prevent endemic goiter, sea kale is prescribed at the rate of 1 teaspoon of powder per week, which corresponds to approximately 500-200 micrograms of iodine. Contraindications to the use of seaweed are nephritis, hemorrhagic diathesis, urticaria, pregnancy, furunculosis and other diseases in which iodine preparations are contraindicated. With prolonged use of seaweed, it is necessary to take into account the possibility of developing iodism. Seaweed powder is stored in warehouses in packed double bags (inner paper - multilayer, outer - fabric), in a dry, ventilated place on racks. Seaweed granules are prescribed in the same doses and for the same indications as seaweed powder. The granules do not irritate the mucous membranes of the mouth and pharynx, and this is their advantage over seaweed powder. Other uses. Sea kale is a food product from brown kelp algae. Several types of kelp are of commercial importance: saccharin, digitata, japonica. Sea kale enters retail trade in dried or frozen form, as well as in canned food. Seaweed is rich in many vitamins and minerals that are essential for human health. The composition of kelp contains a lot of iodine, vitamins A, groups B, C, E and D. This product contains enterosorbent substances that, like a sponge, draw out toxins, toxins and harmful bacteria from the body. Whole or powdered kelp thallus are used for the wrapping procedure and preparation of the infusion. Laminaria extract is part of some cosmetics. Authors: Turova A.D., Sapozhnikova E.N.
Seaweed, Crambe maritima L. Classification, synonyms, botanical description, nutritional value, cultivation
Synonyms: Crambe pontlca Stew. X Rupr. Katran. Names: German Seekohl, Meerkohl, Strandkohl; Goal. zeekool; dates strandkaal; Swede, strandkal; English sea kale; fr. chow marin; it. Cavolmarino; Spanish soldanella maritima, crambe, col marina; port, couve marinha; hung. tatorjan; Slovenian marine zelje; Polish kapusta morska, katran morski. The most famous plant vegetable from the genus Crambe is C. maritima L., which grows wild on the coast of the Baltic and North Seas, on the banks of the English Channel. The plant is perennial, 30-60 cm in height, the leaves are fleshy, blue-green, smooth, with a notched or serrated edge, reach 50 cm in length, glabrous, like the stem. The flowers are white, with long stamens, arranged in wide racemes. The fruit is a two-segmented, one-seeded oval pod. Blossoms (in the middle lane) in May-June. The weight of 1000 seeds is 32-37 g. They germinate slowly, seedlings appear only 30 days after sowing. Mature seeds are similar to radish seeds; 3-5 mm long, 2-4 mm wide and 1,5-2,5 mm thick. The color of the seeds is gray or gray-green. The plant produces numerous root and stem offspring, which are its edible part. They are especially tasty in a bleached form, for which seaweed must be spudded or covered. Seaweed is bred in the same way as asparagus. The best soil for her is sandy loam, worked into a pass to a depth of 53 cm and well fertilized with strong compost or rotted manure from greenhouses. For planting, cuttings are used, and seedlings are better. Cuttings about 9 cm long are cut from the shoots of old plants and planted in early spring in a nursery with deep and loose soil. In addition, seaweed can be sown in the same nursery under frost in October with whole pods of a fresh crop, but in early spring a cold greenhouse is used instead of a nursery. Seedlings are watered, and when 4-5 leaves appear, they are planted, keeping the distance between rows 53-71 cm and in rows about 44 cm. This vegetable can be cultivated in one place for 15 years.
The use of seaweed begins 2-3 years after planting. To do this, even the previous autumn, after fertilizing the soil with manure, the plants are cleaned of stems and leaves, placed on loose soil with rollers or mounds, which are covered with a small layer of leaves, bleached leaves grow in the warmth. For bleaching, you can use overturned flower pots with a closed hole, drainage pipes covered with bricks on top, wooden boxes, etc. All this is covered with earth or leaves to avoid exposure to light. For early forcing, ridges with plants, as well as row-spacing furrows, are covered with warm manure and matting on top. Leaves are used, they are cut off at the base, trying not to damage the shoot bud (in summer it grows into a green grassy stem). Plant care in the summer consists in weeding and loosening the soil. When flowers appear on the stem, they are removed so that they do not deplete the plants. For seed plants, especially strong plants bred from seeds at the age of 2-3 years are selected. They are watered during flowering with liquid fertilizer with table salt and do not cut the leaves from them. Petioles are peeled (bitter) and boiled before use, like asparagus. Other types of seaweed are also cultivated. Crambe tatarica Jaq. - Tatar katran - grows in dry meadows in Ukraine and in the Crimea. The fleshy shoots are eaten like asparagus or as a salad. C. cordifolia St. grows in the Caucasus - a heart-leaved katran, which is used, like the previous species. In the Volga region, the local population uses Litvinov's katran - C. Litwinowi Gross .; oriental katran - C. orientalis L. - is used in the Caucasus in its raw form (its leaves are previously peeled); has antiscorbutic properties. Author: Ipatiev A.N.
Seaweed (kelp). Botanical description of the plant, areas of growth and ecology, economic importance, applications
Plants in the ocean can be hard, soft, slimy, or even delicious. They come in a variety of colors and often have strange names such as sea lettuce or the devil's apron. Hundreds of species grow throughout the world, but seaweed, kelp, is a special kind of algae, the largest and most important plant for the survival of many marine animals. Good adaptation of kelp to different conditions helps the plant to thrive in the ocean environment. Kelp is a large greenish brown plant that can grow up to 52 meters. She has many leaves, called blades, which are shaped like swords. Each blade at the top of the seaweed splits into two pieces. At the base of these blades, the plant has bubbles, small capsules filled with air and gas. These bubbles help the algae stay upright so that the tops can reach sunlight. Seaweed lives in the Pacific Ocean, most often near Western Australia, Japan, Mexico and California. Kelp thrives in cold water with lots of waves or strong currents; this turbulence brings in the nutrients the plants need to survive. To reproduce, the kelp uses tiny zoospores that float away to create new algae and eventually a forest of algae. Crabs, eels, sea sponges and many species of fish live near the thickets of kelp. Large animals also like to hover over algae, such as dolphins, turtles and sharks. The giant sea otter is often found in areas with high amounts of kelp. Laminaria is a very nutritious plant that can be eaten. It is widespread in Japan, where it is used in soups, salads and sushi. Seaweed can improve a person's well-being and even help in the treatment of certain diseases. Extracts from kelp are used in toothpaste, ice cream, and shampoo. Plantations of sea kale serve as protection for many sea creatures, some of which are in the red book. Many fish hide here from predators, and large marine animals find food for themselves.
Seaweed (kelp). reference Information
Laminaria, or as we usually call it, seaweed, is a very useful food product. It is not in vain that in some countries there was even a law that obliged the population to eat seaweed (China). Laminaria is a prominent representative of brown algae. About 30 species of seaweed are known. Laminaria grows on the seabed, but no deeper than 10 meters. These algae can reach 15-20 meters. The leaves of kelp are long and resemble plates in their appearance. The main producer of seaweed is Japan. Seaweed is considered a healthy food product. It is a low-calorie, but at the same time valuable product. Laminaria contains a huge amount of useful substances: calcium, sulfur, sodium, phosphorus, magnesium, lecithin, iron and many others. Seaweed is an indispensable source of iodine. In addition, it contains vitamins (vitamin A and vitamin PP). Since seaweed is a plant that contains the most iodine, it is recommended to be eaten by people who suffer from thyroid diseases. The iodine contained in kelp helps reduce the risk of atherosclerosis. Laminaria should be included in the diet for people with low hemoglobin and prone to thrombosis. Some doctors believe that eating seaweed can reduce the risk of malignant tumors. A lot can be said about the benefits of this product. It has been scientifically proven that the alginates contained in kelp make these algae a good anti-inflammatory and bactericidal agent. It is useful for people with reduced immunity to regularly eat sea kale. Also, overweight people should add this product to their diet. Seaweed is a low-calorie product and helps burn excess fat. Laminaria is sold dried, pickled, salted or frozen. Not everyone has the opportunity to use fresh kelp. The dried product retains the greatest amount of nutrients. If a person is going to eat seaweed regularly, then it is necessary to consult a doctor in advance. The following reasons may be contraindications: allergies, excess iodine in the body, intestinal problems and some diseases.
Seaweed (kelp). Interesting plant facts
While sea kale was called sea kale and was sold as a Far Eastern salad, it was not threatened with particular popularity. On the contrary, it caused strong rejection due to its specific taste and association with empty Soviet-era stores and shelves with the same salad. Then the fashion came into our life, first for Japanese cuisine, and then for a healthy lifestyle. Seaweed was rebranded: marketers, remembering the Latin roots of these algae, awarded it with the sonorous name kelp (lamina in Latin means a plate) - and interest in the "new" healthy food immediately increased. Botanists distinguish about 30 types of kelp, three of them are used in cooking. Japanese is recognized as the most valuable in terms of nutrient composition, sugary is best suited for canning, and lovers of sharp taste nuances like digitata due to its pronounced bitter-salty taste. The benefits of seaweed were discovered by the doctors of ancient China, it received the status of a medicinal plant and the unofficial name "sea ginseng". Historians found in one of the treatises a mention of a decree ordering daily inclusion of kelp in the diet of all inhabitants of the Celestial Empire. The tradition was later picked up in Korea and Japan - and now there are many dishes with seaweed in the cuisines of these countries. The chemical composition of seaweed is impressive. By the way, grown in the waters of the northern seas - the Sea of Okhotsk, the Sea of Japan, the White, the Kara, has the greatest value. In Asian countries, it is also grown in artificially created water areas, but it is inferior to wild in terms of benefits. Laminaria is one of the best natural sources of iodine, almost all residents of megacities experience a lack of it, which is why city dwellers often have endocrine system disorders. Recognized as an antioxidant, opposing the action of free radicals and prolonging youth. It contains a lot of B vitamins, especially pantothenic acid (vitamin B5), which has earned the title of anti-stress vitamin, and folic acid (vitamin B9), necessary for the cardiovascular, immune system and brain. Alginic acid, a type of polysaccharide found in algae, removes heavy metals from the body. Sterols reduce the level of bad cholesterol, thin the blood and keep the vessels in good condition. Scientists conducted studies that showed that the Japanese are 10 times less likely to have atherosclerosis than Europeans and Americans. Like other plant products, seaweed is rich in fiber, which ensures the health of the gastrointestinal tract and its microflora. It also contains easily digestible vegetable protein. In addition, seaweed is a low-calorie product. Its energy value is 49 kcal per 100 g. And it practically does not lose its beneficial properties during processing, so canned, dried or frozen kelp is just as useful as fresh. You can see for yourself that it is necessary to include seaweed in the menu, but not everyone likes its taste. In this case, it is better to choose dried - it has almost no characteristic, marine flavor - and sprinkle salads or ready meals with it. Laminaria goes well with vegetables, legumes, mushrooms, meat, fish, cereals. It is added to soups and baked goods, including bread. In England, there are recipes for jam, marmalade and caramel with seaweed. If seaweed is an ingredient in a dish, there is no need to use salt: the natural salinity of kelp will be enough. We invite you to prepare some simple, balanced and very tasty dishes with algae. Let's start with bibimbap, a representative of Korean cuisine. This is a multi-component dish that is served in a large bowl. It can be called the prototype of bowls that are now fashionable: several individual ingredients create a mosaic of different tastes. Mandatory rice, vegetables (they can be anything, use those in the refrigerator), something meat, fish or tofu, egg and kelp. In general, the components can be varied, respecting the scope of compatibility. Serving is important in bibimbap: rice is located at the bottom, vegetables, meat or fish cut into strips in segments in a circle, an egg in the middle. The color attribute is also taken into account - the products must harmonize in color in order to excite the appetite. Ingredients: Chopped champignons Bonduelle 2 cans (200 g); green beans thinly sliced Bonduelle 1/2 package (200 g); round-grain rice 200 g; pickled fern 100 g; enoki mushrooms 100 g; carrots 2 pcs.; pork tenderloin 200 g; 1/2 sweet red pepper; 1/2 sweet yellow pepper; sweet green pepper 1/2 pc.; greens (spinach, mongold, lettuce) 1 bunch; soy sauce 2 tbsp. l.; roasted white sesame 3 tbsp. l.; light sesame oil 4 tbsp. l.; refined vegetable oil 1 tbsp. l.; nori sheet 1 pc.; chicken egg 1 pc.; chili paste 4 tbsp. l.; rice vinegar 2 tbsp. l. Recipe: 1. Rinse rice, cook in proportion with water 1:2. 2. Pepper, carrot, meat cut into thin strips. Marinate the meat in soy sauce for 5 minutes, fry in hot oil for a couple of minutes. Fry the carrots in vegetable oil for 2 minutes, sprinkle with a little sesame seeds, mix. 3. Blanch green beans and enoki separately in a small amount of water, mushrooms for half a minute, beans for 3-4 minutes. 4. Fry mushrooms for 3 minutes in sesame oil. Pick greens and squeeze a little. Cut the nori sheet into strips. 5. For the sauce, mix 2 tbsp. l. sesame oil, chili paste, rice vinegar and some water. 6. Lubricate the refractory form with sesame oil, put the rice, put on the fire, put all the vegetables in sectors on top. 7. When the form heats up and the rice sizzles, break the egg into the center, sprinkle with sesame seeds, put the hot sauce and serve immediately. From Korea we will move to Japan and cook udon with marinated champignons and sweet peppers. Although udon noodles originate from China, but Japanese chefs have truly revealed its gastronomic resources, it is second only to sushi and sashimi in popularity. It is prepared from wheat flour, to which ground beans or buckwheat are often added. Author: Ruchkina N.
Seaweed (Japanese kelp), Laminaria. Recipes for use in traditional medicine and cosmetology
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Attention! Before use, consult with a specialist!
Seaweed (Japanese kelp), Laminaria. Tips for growing, harvesting and storing
Seaweed (Laminaria) is a species of algae that grows in cold seas and oceans. It can be used as food and has many health benefits. Tips for growing, harvesting and storing seaweed: Cultivation:
Workpiece:
Storage:
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