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CULTURAL AND WILD PLANTS
Quince ordinary (quince oblong). Legends, myths, symbolism, description, cultivation, methods of application
Directory / Cultivated and wild plants Content
Quince ordinary (quince oblong), Cydonia oblonga. Photos of the plant, basic scientific information, legends, myths, symbolism
Basic scientific information, legends, myths, symbolism Sort by: Cydonia Family: Pink (Rosaceae) Origin: The common quince comes from Central and Southwest Asia, where it was cultivated over 4 years ago. It is currently grown in many regions of the world, including Europe, North America, China and Japan. Area: The common quince is distributed in the temperate zones of many regions of the world, including Central and Southwest Asia, Europe, North America, China and Japan. Chemical composition: Quince ordinary is rich in pectins, vitamins (C, B1, B2, K), minerals (calcium, iron, potassium, magnesium, phosphorus), antioxidants, and also contains sugars, organic acids and other biologically active substances. Economic value: Common quince is widely used in the food industry for the production of jams, juices, compotes, canned food and other products. It is also used in the cosmetic and medical industries due to its beneficial properties. In some regions of the world, quince is grown as an ornamental plant due to its bright colors and beautiful crown shape. Legends, myths, symbolism: In ancient Greece and Rome, quince was considered a symbol of wealth and abundance. According to legend, King Midas of Phrygia, who was known for his love of gold, grew quince in his garden. This fact is due to the fact that the apple in Greek mythology was also associated with wealth and abundance, and in the form of a quince it resembles an apple. Also in Chinese culture, quince symbolizes longevity and prosperity. Its fruits are often used in Chinese medicine to improve digestion, maintain skin health, and lower blood pressure. In traditional Chinese medicine, quince has also been used to make various medicinal preparations. The symbolic meaning of quince is also associated with its medicinal properties. In some cultures, the quince is considered a symbol of healing, and its leaves are used to make a tea that helps with stomach pain and digestive problems.
Quince ordinary (quince oblong), Cydonia oblonga. Description, illustrations of the plant Quince. Legends, myths, history
Quince (lat. Cydonia) is a monotypic genus of woody plants of the Rosaceae family. Common quince, or oblong quince (lat. Cydonia oblonga) is the only representative of this genus. There is an opinion that quince is the most ancient fruit. It is still unknown what exactly the insidious Eve extended to Adam in the Garden of Eden. Quince is the same golden apple that the goddess Aphrodite received from Paris for the love of Beautiful Elena. From this moment, the events described in the famous myth of the Trojan War and the death of Troy begin. And the apple - the subject of contention, which Paris handed over to the most beautiful of the three goddesses - was the fragrant fruit of the quince. But there is another mention of quince in the "Biography" of the Greek gods and heroes. "It tells about no less legendary events than the siege of Troy - about the campaign of the Argonauts for the Golden Fleece. Heroes led by Jason got not only the Golden Fleece, but also Medea is the daughter of the king of Colchis. The sorceress brought to Greece magical talismans of the Caucasus, including the fruits of quince. On the wedding day, according to tradition, Medea planted quince in the bedroom. For it is said, "as long as a woman's bed exudes the aroma of quince, nothing threatens her beauty, the health of her children, and her husband will not leave her." Medea and Jason lived happily ever after until the envious woman destroyed the quince. The end of the myth is tragic. But the legend accurately describes the properties of quince - a source of vitality and a magical aroma that can affect the sensuality of a man and a woman. Quince is still a symbol of a happy, healthy family, harmoniously combining male and female principles. Some mythologists believe that the Hesperides seem to have guarded just the quince. Some archival manuscripts mention the name of the Roman gourmet Apicius, who kept whole fruits in honey diluted with young wine and spices. And medieval monarchs, who considered quince jam an aphrodisiac of extraordinary power. And all healers, healers and doctors who unanimously admit that quince magically affects digestion. This fruit was a symbol of Aphrodite (Venus) - the goddess of love, beauty, fertility. There is another ancient Greek myth about quince. The gods of Olympus did not invite Eris, the goddess of discord, to one of the festivities. Insulted, she hatched a plan for revenge. Appearing invisible to the feast, Eris tossed a golden apple (now we know that it meant quince), signed "For the most beautiful." Three goddesses were contenders for the fruit: Athena, Aphrodite, Hera. Each of them considered herself the most worthy to be called beautiful. Neither was willing to give up the fruit of the other The dispute, which later became the cause of the Trojan War and the fall of Troy, was decided by Paris. He presented a golden fruit, which was nothing more than a fragrant quince (after all, in the places where the events took place, in those ancient times there were simply no apple trees), Aphrodite, whom he considered the most beautiful of the goddesses, thereby bringing discord into the "divine" company . The quince is also mentioned in another mythological story. She tells how Jason, during the campaign of the Argonauts, obtained the Golden Fleece and the daughter of the king of Colchis, Medea, who arrived in Greece with Caucasian gifts, among which was quince. Following tradition, Medea V planted a fruit tree in her bedroom on her wedding day, as she remembered that "the scent of quince coming from a woman's bed will preserve her beauty, give health to her children, and not allow her husband to leave her." The marriage of Medea and Jason was happy and long until the tree was destroyed by an envious woman. Quince is still considered a symbol of a happy family, in which both masculine and feminine principles have found harmony. To keep the love and loyalty of your partner, you should eat quince together more often. In ancient Greece and Rome, each god had his own favorite fruit. Athena has olives, Dionysus has grapes, and so on. Of course, they ate ambrosia and nectar, but indulged in completely earthly dishes.
Quince, Cydonia MUI. Botanical description, history of origin, nutritional value, cultivation, use in cooking, medicine, industry
Tree or shrub 1,5-7 m high, with a dense spreading crown. The leaves are large, oval, pointed at the apex, pubescent on the underside. The flowers are large, solitary, on short pedicels, pale pink. The fruit is five-celled, large, with stony cells in the pulp, of various shapes, covered with down. Seeds numerous; the walls of the seminal chambers are covered with mucus. Blooms in May - June. In its wild form, quince is common in the Mediterranean countries, in the Caucasus, and in Central Asia. Quince culture has been known since ancient times in the Caucasus, from where it penetrated to Turkey, Greece and other countries. From common quince, several dozen cultivars have been bred, differing in the shape of the fruit (apple-shaped, pear-shaped) and characteristic pubescence. Quince is demanding on heat and light, prefers neutral sandy soils, red soils or chernozems, and can grow without irrigation. Quince is propagated by sowing seeds, offspring and layering. With autumn sowing in spring, friendly shoots appear. Seedlings of the first year of life reach a height of 30-35 cm, and the second - form normal seedlings with a well-developed root system. They are planted at a distance of 1,5 m from each other (fertilizers are applied to the pits in advance). The tree enters the time of fruiting in the third or fourth year, abundantly bears fruit for 30-40 years, lives up to 70 years. The fruits are harvested in October-November. The fruits of cultivated varieties of quince have a peculiar pleasant aroma, but they are rarely consumed raw because of the coarse, dense, low-juicy pulp, which contains stony cells (like a pear). The fruits keep well until spring. The most valuable thing contained in fruits is sugar. In addition, they found a significant amount of pectin and tannins, vitamins B1, B2, C, P, carotene; Minerals include iron and copper. Organic acids (mainly malic, tartaric and citric) are present in small amounts. Mucus, glycoside amygdalin were found in the seeds. In folk medicine, quince fruits and infusion of leaves are used for gastrointestinal diseases, accompanied by diarrhea and bleeding, and as a diuretic. Pureed boiled fruits are used in diseases of the liver and cardiovascular system, as an antiemetic. An extract containing iron is obtained from quince fruits, which is effective for anemia. Quince seeds are widely used in medicine. Due to the mucus contained in them, which easily swells in water, they exhibit anti-inflammatory and emollient properties. An infusion is prepared from the seeds, which has a therapeutic effect in tracheitis and bronchitis, in colitis and flatulence, externally in burns and skin irritation. A decoction of seeds, due to its enveloping property, is used for lotions for eye diseases, for gargling with sore throats and as a cosmetic that softens the skin. Quince fruits are included in the diet. They form an invariable part of many national dishes of the southern peoples. Thanks to the essential oil contained in the peel of quince, dishes acquire a pleasant aroma and piquant taste. Quince is consumed in baked, boiled, canned form; seasonings for meat dishes are prepared from it. It is widely used for making jam, jam, compote, marmalade, jelly, marmalade, various drinks, as a filling for pies. Authors: Kretsu L.G., Domashenko L.G., Sokolov M.D.
Quince ordinary (quince oblong), Cydonia oblonga. Botanical description of the plant, area, methods of application, cultivation
Deciduous tree or shrub from 1,5 to 4-5 m high, with branches rising obliquely upwards. The bark is thin, scaly-peeling, on the trunk and old branches dark gray, reddish-brown or blackish-brown, smooth; on young ones - brownish-gray, woolly-felt; shoots are gray-green, densely felt-pubescent. The leaves are alternate, ovate or oval, sometimes widely elliptical, rarely rounded, entire, sharp or obtuse at the apex, with a wedge-shaped, rarely rounded or slightly heart-shaped base, dark green above, glabrous, grayish below from felt pubescence, 5-10 long, up to 12 cm, up to 7,5 cm wide, with petiole up to 2 cm. Stipules falling, with glandular hairs, oblong-ovate, rarely lanceolate, 6-12 mm long, 4-6 mm wide. The flowers are regular, mostly solitary, on short felt-pubescent pedicels. The calyx is five-parted, remaining with fruits. Corolla pale pink, white or pink, large, up to 4,5-5 cm in diameter; petals obovate, with a short nail. Stamens 15-25, usually 20. Pistil with lower five-celled ovary fused with hypanthium; columns five, densely pubescent, each of which ends with an oblique notched stigma; carpels XNUMX with glandular-serrate margins, felt-pubescent on the outside, attached to the upper margin of the pitcher-like widened part of the hypanthium; sepals five, entire, oblong, recurved. Blooms in May - June. The fruit is a false apple with five multi-seeded nests, hairy, almost spherical or pear-shaped, often obtusely ribbed, lemon or dark yellow in color, sometimes with a reddish one-sided "tan", at first felt-pubescent, when ripe, smooth and hard, with a diameter of 2,5- 3,5 cm in wild and up to 15 cm in cultivated forms. The pulp is very fragrant, low-juicy, hard from numerous stony cells. The taste is tart, astringent, sweetish. Seeds are reddish-brown, obovate, irregularly angular, with a peel strongly mucilaginous on the outside; weight of 1000 seeds 24-44 g. Fruits ripen in September - October. In nature, the range covers the Caucasus, Transcaucasia and Central Asia. Widespread and naturalized throughout the Mediterranean, temperate regions of Asia, southern and central Europe. It is cultivated in many parts of Europe (to Scotland and Norway, 63 ° 50 "N), North and South Africa, North and South America, Australia and Oceania. It grows on the plains in forests along the edges, in clearings and clearings, along the banks of reservoirs and along the slopes in the lower mountain belt, rising up to 1400 m above sea level. Prefers deep loose, fertile and moist soil. It occurs on sandy, alluvial soils, krasnozems, chernozems, as well as in flooded marshy places. In the Caucasus, it grows on dry soil along with oak, medlar, dogwood, hawthorn, wild rose; at the same time, it often grows around overgrown reservoirs, forming thickets between coastal grasses and Persian parrotia. For a long time it can grow with a lack of moisture or without irrigation; at the same time, it easily withstands strong moisture - for example, in the Astrakhan region, quince suffers from floods less than other fruit trees. Quince is bred as a fruit tree, producing beautiful and fragrant fruits, and as a rootstock for grafting pears in the form culture. Quince is also cultivated as an ornamental plant; This plant is suitable for organizing hedges, tolerates a haircut well. Mature fruits contain sugar (up to 10,85%, including fructose - up to 6,27%), tannins (0,66%), protopectins (4,7%), essential oil and organic acids (1,22 %: apple, lemon, wine). Enantho-ethyl and pellargon-ethyl esters were found in the skin of the fruits, giving the fruits a specific smell. Fruit juice contains malic acid (about 3,5%), sugars and gum. Seeds contain mucus (up to 20%), amygdalin glycoside (0,53%), starch, tannins, emulsin enzyme, fatty oil (8,15%) containing glycerides of myristic and isoleic acids. The pulp is very fragrant, low-juicy, hard from numerous stony cells. The taste is tart, astringent, sweetish. Raw fruits are inedible, they are most often used for making soft drinks, compotes, jelly, jam, marmalade and as a seasoning for meat. In medical practice, fruits, seeds and leaves are used. The fruits are harvested when ripe, the pulp is sent for further processing, and the seeds are dried at a temperature of 40-50 °C. The leaves are harvested in June - July, then dried under a canopy or in a dryer at a temperature of 40-50 ° C. Seeds and leaves are stored in a tightly closed container for one year. Quince medicines have a tonic, diuretic, astringent, antiulcer and antibacterial action. Fresh fruits are used as a choleretic and diuretic. Quince seeds in the form of a decoction are used in medical practice as enveloping agents to reduce the local irritant effect of other medicinal substances and slow down their absorption. The seeds are used internally as a laxative, expectorant and emollient. In folk medicine, seeds are used for constipation, colitis, flatulence, respiratory diseases, uterine bleeding, and coughing. Ripe fruits are used for tuberculosis, bronchial asthma, gastrointestinal diseases. An aqueous solution of mucus is used to make eye lotions, for cosmetic purposes, to strengthen hair. Mucus is used in the textile industry to polish fabrics; water decoction can replace gum arabic. The wood is sapwood, light yellow or pinkish-yellow, diffusely vascular, with poorly visible growth rings, hard, well polished. Very rarely used in industry. In the north of India, it is used in handicraft and small-scale production of carved and turned products, souvenirs, and small handicrafts. Quince seeds contain toxic substances, therefore, when consuming the fruit, it is recommended to remove them. Due to the fact that quince fruits contain a large amount of organic acids, this fruit should not be consumed in the presence of gastritis with high acidity, as well as in the presence of peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum. It is not recommended to use it in the presence of a tendency to constipation, as well as during pregnancy and lactation. We must not forget also about the possibility of individual intolerance. Quince is most productive on heavy loams, but on sandy soils it bears fruit earlier. At the same time, on dry soils, the fruits are smaller and drier, and on wet soils, they are more juicy, but woody and astringent. The fruits of cultivated trees reach 2 kg, wild - 60-100 grams. Wild quince bears fruit poorly - 2-10 fruits per plant. Propagation by seeds (strong wildlings are obtained), cuttings, root shoots and grafting.
Quince. Botanical description of the plant, areas of growth and ecology, economic importance, applications
The quince plant is a small tree or large multi-stemmed shrub with a dense spreading crown, growing up to 1,5 - 4, rarely 7 m in height. The trunk, up to 50 cm in diameter, and skeletal branches are covered with thin, constantly peeling dark gray or reddish-brown bark, young branches are brownish-gray, with dense felt pubescence. The shoots are also densely pubescent, have a gray-green color. The trunk is characterized by oblique growth, which is why in the first years of life the tree requires a garter. Quince leaves are alternate, ovate or oval in shape with a pointed or obtuse apex, large, 5-12 cm long and up to 7,5 cm wide, with short petioles up to 2 cm. Leaf plates are dark green above, grayish below, with white-felt pubescence. Quince flowering time - May-June, duration - about 3 weeks. Flowers solitary, large, up to 5,5 cm in diameter, pink or white with yellow stamens, with short pedicels down. Unlike other pome crops, they appear on the lateral branches of the generative shoots of the current year, therefore they bloom late, after the leaves appear. Due to this feature, quince flowers are usually not affected by return spring frosts, and fruiting occurs annually. Blooming quince (pictured above) is very decorative, in late spring the flowers cover the branches abundantly from top to bottom and serve as a real decoration of the garden. The fruits ripen in September-October, they are false apples of a round or pear-shaped, often obtusely ribbed shape, pubescent at first, and smooth when mature. Color - lemon or dark yellow, in some varieties with a slight blush. The pulp contains many stony cells, so even in ripe quince it is hard, not juicy, sweet-tart, astringent in taste. In wild representatives of the species, the yield is very low, 2-10 fruits weighing 60-100 g from each plant. Cultivated varieties are much more productive, up to 20-50 tons per 1 ha, the weight of one fruit averages 100-400 g, in some specimens it can reach 2 kg. A distinctive feature of the fruit is their special aroma, due to the presence of pelargonium-ethyl and enanthine-ethyl esters in the skin. The smell of ripe quince resembles the smell of a sour apple with hints of tree bark, autumn flowers and spices, and it persists even after cooking. In the core of the fruit there are five central "pockets" lined with a layer of parchment and containing a large number of obovate brown seeds. Quince seeds are covered with a peel, its matte whitish film contains up to 20% mucus, which swells well in water and is used in medicine and the textile industry. The content of amygdalin glycoside gives quince seeds a characteristic aroma of bitter almonds, and at the same time causes their toxicity, therefore, when using seeds for medical purposes, care must be taken not to grind them and not to ferment infusions and decoctions. The plant has a widely branched root system. Horizontal roots extend to the sides at a distance exceeding the crown projection by 3-4 times, vertical roots lie no more than 1 m deep into the soil. Since the main part of the roots is located close to the surface, the tree easily tolerates transplantation, but does not respond well to inter-row cultivation and turfing. The quince tree grows especially actively in the first years of vegetation. After entering the period of fruiting, which in culture falls on 3-5 years, growth slows down somewhat. The tree actively bears fruit for about 20 years, and its maximum life span is 50 years. The plant is one of the oldest fruit crops known to mankind for over 4000 years. The homeland of quince is considered to be the Caucasus, from where it came to Asia Minor and further to Ancient Greece and Rome. Already at the beginning of the last millennium BC. these fruit trees grew in abundance on the island of Crete, some historians believe that the name of its kind, Cydonia, the quince received from the Cretan city of Sidon. The first written mention of the culture appeared already in 650 BC, according to the ancient Greek legend, the golden apple presented by Paris to the goddess Aphrodite was precisely the quince fruit. According to Plutarch, fruits with their sweetness and astringency were considered in those days a symbol of any marriage, and were necessarily used in various rituals associated with the marriage ceremony. The ancient Greeks called the plant Melon Kydaion, it is with this name that the second version of the origin of the genus name is associated. From Greece, quince comes to Italy. A detailed description of it is found in the writings of Pliny, who already in 75 BC. 6 varieties of this fruit tree were known, which were used not only for food, but also for medicinal purposes. Evidence of the popularity of the fruit in ancient Rome is the first cookbook of the famous Roman glutton Apitius, which describes a recipe for making a dessert from quince. Pictures with images of culture were found on the walls of the destroyed Pompeii, the image of a tree is present in the paintings of that period. Quince has long been grown in the East. Unlike Ancient Greece and Rome, here the plant has always been considered a symbol of purity and health, even Avicenna in his writings characterized its fruits as a means of improving cardiac activity and digestion. In Western Europe, the fruit has been known since the XNUMXth century, and since that time it has been widely used in cooking in different countries. Quince trees and shrubs in the wild are common in the Caucasus, Northern Iran, Central and Asia Minor, grow along the edges of forests, near water bodies and on mountain slopes. Cultivars feel good not only in the southern, but also in temperate latitudes on all continents, excluding Antarctica. Among the places where quince grows, we note not only Europe, where it can be found everywhere from the Caucasus to Norway, Central and East Asia, but also Australia, Oceania, North and South America, north and south of the African continent. The plant is cultivated as a fruit and ornamental crop. In the middle lane, due to early frosts, ripe fruits can be obtained only at the end of October in exceptionally favorable years. Here, as in the countries of Central and Northern Europe, the culture is mainly decorative, therefore, wild-growing forms are more often used, which are less demanding on growing conditions and more resistant to diseases. They lend themselves well to shearing and can be grown in hedges. Quince is also considered one of the best pear rootstocks. The grafted seedlings are compact, heat tolerant and drought tolerant. In addition, the tree is an excellent honey plant. The advantages of cultivated quince include its unpretentiousness. It can grow for a long time without irrigation in conditions of lack of moisture, and at the same time withstands flooding for 20-30 days, is salt-tolerant, and develops well on any soil and in places with close groundwater. Currently, work is underway to create intergeneric hybrids of quince and apple trees, which will make it possible to use all the positive qualities of the crop, and at the same time increase frost resistance and resistance to diseases, and improve the taste of fruits. One of the shortcomings holding back the expansion of quince growing area in modern orchards is its tendency to be affected by many common diseases and pests of pome crops. In this regard, it should be avoided planting next to wild-growing apple trees, shadberry, hawthorn, mountain ash. Among the common diseases of quince is fruit rot (pome molinosis), which is fought by pruning and burning the affected branches, disinfecting wounds with mercury chloride solutions, preventive spraying with foundationazole and dipterex at dosages recommended by the manufacturer, from swelling of the kidneys to the beginning of flowering. Significant damage to plantings is caused by subcutaneous spotting of fruits, which reduces their taste and presentation. To prevent the disease, foliar top dressing with microelements is used (0,2% solution of boric acid or zinc sulfate), and varieties resistant to the disease are grown. The plant is also affected by brown leaf spot caused by spores of the fungus. During flowering, spores fall on the stigmas of the flower, and subsequently lead to the abscission of the ovaries. Control measures are the same as for fruit rot. Of the pests, the following are common: the apple pseudobark beetle, which is destroyed by hand, collecting insects during the inspection of tree trunks in spring, in April, and in autumn, in September; Codling moth, from which the fruits are protected by isolating them with paper covers after reaching a diameter of 2,5 cm; Leaf miners whose larvae are extremely resistant to insecticides. From natural remedies, it is recommended to trim and destroy the affected leaves, protect the plant from laying larvae with non-woven materials, and use the natural enemies of moths - riders.
Quince oblong, Cydonia oblonga Mill. Botanical description, habitat and habitats, chemical composition, use in medicine and industry
Synonyms: cheerful, guni, pigwa, quince. Shrub or small tree 1,5-5 m tall, Rosaceae family (Rosaceae). The leaves are alternate, short-petiolate, entire, dark green above, grayish below from felt pubescence. The flowers are large, solitary, pale pink, the fruit is a pear-shaped or spherical apple, the seeds are light brown. Blossoms in May, fruits ripen in September-November. Range and habitats. The homeland of quince is considered the Caucasus, from where it came to Asia Minor, and then to Ancient Greece and Rome. In nature, the range covers the Caucasus, Transcaucasia and Central Asia: Azerbaijan, Dagestan and Turkmenistan (Kopetdag). Widespread and naturalized throughout the Mediterranean, temperate regions of Asia, southern and central Europe. Cultivated in many parts of Europe, North and South Africa, North and South America, Australia and Oceania. Quince grows on the plains in the forests along the edges, in clearings and clearings, along the banks of reservoirs and along the slopes in the lower mountain belt, rising up to 1400 m above sea level. Prefers deep, loose, fertile and moist soil. It occurs on sandy, alluvial soils, krasnozems, chernozems, as well as in flooded marshy places. Chemical composition. Seeds contain mucus (up to 20%), amygdalin glycoside (0,53%), starch, tannins, emulsin enzyme, fatty oil (8,15%) containing glycerides of myristic and isoleic acids. Mature fruits contain sugar (up to 10,85%, including fructose - up to 6,27%), tannins (0,66%), protopectins (4,7%), essential oil and organic acids (1,22 %: apple, lemon, wine). Enantho-ethyl and pellargon-ethyl esters were found in the skin of the fruits, giving the fruits a specific smell. Fruit juice contains malic acid (about 3,5%), sugars and gum. Application in medicine. In medical practice, fruits, seeds and leaves of quince are used. Medicines made using quince have a tonic, diuretic, astringent, antiulcer and antibacterial effect. Fresh fruits are used as a choleretic and diuretic. Quince seeds in the form of a decoction are used in medical practice as enveloping agents to reduce the local irritant effect of other medicinal substances and slow down their absorption. The seeds have laxative, expectorant and emollient properties. Seeds contain up to 20% mucus, easily soluble in water, 0,53% amygdalin glycoside, starch, tannins, emulsin enzyme, 8,15% fatty oil containing glycerides of myristic and isooleic acids. Mature fruits contain fructose up to 6,27% and other sugars, tannins, organic acids, namely malic, citric, and essential oils. In the peel of the fruit, enanthic-ethyl and pellargonic ethyl esters were found, giving the fruits a specific smell. Fruit juice contains about 3,5% malic acid, sugar and gum. Seeds are harvested in autumn and dried. The quince seed is covered with a dull whitish film, the latter swells strongly in water, dissolving in the form of a thick transparent mucus. Seeds have a slimy taste, when chewed, they acquire a bitter almond smell and taste. Mature fruits are hard, tart, sour, slightly sweet taste, with a pleasant smell. The fruits are consumed dry and fresh. Quince seeds are used internally as a laxative for constipation, as an enveloping agent for spastic colitis and flatulence, as an expectorant and emollient for respiratory diseases. It is also used to correct taste and smell in various mixtures. Raw fruits are inedible. Soft drinks are prepared from fresh fruits. Dried fruits are used to prepare mucous decoctions 20:200, taken orally one tablespoon before meals. The fruits are used in the food industry. Other uses. Quince is bred as a fruit tree, producing beautiful and fragrant fruits, and as a rootstock for grafting pears in the form culture. The fruits are edible and raw, however, due to the hard pulp and tart taste, they are more often used for making soft drinks, compotes, jellies, jams, preserves, marmalade and as a seasoning for meat. Quince wood is sapwood, light yellow or pinkish-yellow, diffusely vascular, with poorly visible growth rings, hard, well polished. Authors: Turova A.D., Sapozhnikova E.N.
Quince ordinary (quince oblong). reference Information
A small tree or shrub up to 5 m high of the rose family. In the wild state, it is found in Azerbaijan, Dagestan, Turkmenistan, it is cultivated in the Crimea, the Caucasus and, to a large extent, in Central Asia. The Caucasus is considered the birthplace of quince. From there, she came to Asia Minor, then to Ancient Greece and Rome, and later to the south of Russia. Quince was brought to Central Asia, probably from Persia. Quince fruits contain various sugars (mainly fructose - from 5 to 12%), pectin and tannins, organic acids (malic, citric, tartaric), a lot of iron (up to 30 mg%), copper (1,5 mg%), vitamin C (10-20 mg%), essential oil. In the skin of the fruit there are enanthic-ethyl and pelargonium-ethyl esters, which give the fruits a peculiar smell. The seeds contain about 20% mucus, fatty oil (up to 20%), starch, protein and tannins, amygdalin glycoside. Sweet and sour quince fruits are edible mainly boiled or baked; they are also used for making juice with pulp, quince mustard, jelly, marmalade, candied fruits, jams, compotes, and canned food. Quince is often used as a side dish for meat dishes: the essential oil of the fruit gives the dish a peculiar taste and delicate aroma. Fresh fruits of quince, due to the high content of iron, are useful for anemia. Significant amounts of tannins and pectin in the fruit pulp have led to their use since time immemorial in gastrointestinal diseases accompanied by diarrhea. The medicinal properties of quince fruits were well known even to Avicenna, who considered them a good remedy for indigestion, to improve it. He recommended drinking quince juice with honey and vinegar to "strengthen the stomach" and "for a weak liver." In folk medicine in many countries, fruit decoction and quince jam were used to improve the activity of the digestive tract in gastrointestinal diseases, liver diseases, and as an antiemetic and diuretic. Poultices from quince juice were used for prolapse of the rectum and anal fissures, a mucous decoction of seeds inside - for diarrhea, bronchitis, hemoptysis, uterine bleeding, externally - as an anti-inflammatory and enveloping agent for inflammatory processes of the eyes, for rinsing with tonsillitis, burns, skin irritation . A decoction of seeds is recommended for washing and rubbing as a cosmetic that softens the skin. A lotion for oily porous skin is prepared from quince fruits. 0,5 cups of cologne, 0,5 cups of camphor alcohol and 0,5 cups of quince juice are added dropwise to the whipped protein. After using the lotion, the skin becomes soft, smooth, takes on a fresh color and velvety. Authors: Dudnichenko L.G., Krivenko V.V., Reva M.L.
Quince ordinary (quince oblong), Cydonia oblonga. Recipes for use in traditional medicine and cosmetology
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Quince ordinary (quince oblong), Cydonia oblonga. Tips for growing, harvesting and storing
Tips for growing, harvesting and storing quince: Cultivation:
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