Instruction on labor protection for the helicopter crew

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OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH
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Instruction on labor protection for the helicopter crew

Occupational Safety and Health

Occupational Safety and Health / Standard instructions for labor protection

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Safe Operation

1. General safety requirements

1.1. Helicopter crew members (hereinafter referred to as crew members), regardless of qualifications and length of service, must timely and fully undergo all types of safety briefing (introductory, primary at the workplace, repeated). In case of breaks in flight work for more than 60 calendar days, as well as in case of violation of the requirements of the labor protection instructions, crew members must undergo an unscheduled briefing (individually or by the entire helicopter crew). Persons who have not been instructed are not allowed to work.

1.2. Crew members must undergo a dispensary medical examination in accordance with the order of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation No. 90 dated 14.03.96/XNUMX/XNUMX in the medical flight expert commission (VLEK).

1.3. Helicopter crew members who have not passed a periodic medical examination and an annual examination at the VLEK are not allowed to fly.

1.4. The main dangerous and harmful production factors are:

special vehicles and self-propelled vehicles moving on the territory of the airfield;
rotating main and tail rotors of helicopters;
air and gas flows from working rotors and aircraft engines, as well as stones, sand and other objects that have fallen into them;
increased dust and gas content in the air;
protruding parts of the helicopter and its equipment;
increased slip (due to icing, moistening and oiling of the surfaces of the airfield pavement, ladders);
objects located on the surface of the helicopter parking area (rods, cables, ground cables, external suspension elements);
performance of work near unprotected differences in height (on a stepladder, ladder, at an open hatch, front door);
sharp edges of parts, burrs, roughness on the surface of equipment, cargo, ropes;
electric current, which in the event of a short circuit can pass through the human body;
transported goods during loading and unloading operations in a helicopter;
falling loads, collapsing structures of lifting mechanisms;
increased noise and vibration levels;
high or low temperature and humidity;
discharges of static electricity;
insufficient illumination of the working area, helicopter parking area, apron;
possible fire and explosion;
psycho-emotional and physical overload.
leaded gasoline.

1.5. Crew members, if necessary, must use overalls, safety shoes and other PPE against exposure to hazardous and harmful production factors in accordance with applicable standards.

1.6. Crew members must be able to provide first aid to victims of accidents, use the on-board first aid kit.

1.7. In case of illness, poor health, insufficient pre-flight rest, crew members are required to report their condition to the helicopter commander and seek medical assistance.

1.8. If an accident occurs with a crew member, then he must be given first aid and, if necessary, delivered to a medical unit or other medical institution, and also report what happened in the prescribed manner to organize an investigation in accordance with the current Regulations on the investigation and registration of accidents at work .

1.9. Crew members must comply with the working hours and rest periods established for them: the norms of flight time, pre-flight and post-flight rest, rules of conduct while on duty, in reserve.

1.10. To prevent the possibility of fires and explosions, crew members must themselves comply with fire and explosion safety requirements and prevent violations on the part of passengers, members of the slinger team, loaders and customer representatives.

During the flight, smoking is prohibited both in the cockpit and in the cargo-passenger cabin.

1.11. Smoking is allowed only in designated areas.

1.12. For non-compliance with the requirements of this instruction, crew members are liable in accordance with applicable law.

2. Safety requirements before starting work

2.1. Helicopter crew members are required to undergo a medical examination before flying. Responsibility for compliance by the crew with the pre-flight regime outside the bases, as well as abroad, rests with the helicopter commander.

2.2. When moving around the territory of the airfield, crew members must observe the following rules:

walk only on specially designed walking routes;
while walking, be attentive and control changes in the environment, especially in difficult meteorological conditions (rain, fog, snowfall, ice) and at night, it should be remembered that in conditions of aircraft noise, the sound signals given by vehicles and the noise of the running engine of the approaching special vehicles, self-propelled mechanism may not be heard;
exercise caution and be attentive near areas of increased danger (zones of operating aircraft engines and rotation of air and main rotors of aircraft, radiation from antennas of ground and airborne radio equipment, taxiing and towing aircraft, maneuvering special vehicles and mechanization equipment near an airliner, refueling an aircraft with fuel and lubricants, loading unloading operations, as well as on the roadway, pay attention to bumps and slippery places on the surface of the airfield and avoid movement on them.

2.3. Before the pre-flight control inspection of the helicopter, the flight mechanic must make sure:

in the grounding of the helicopter;
in the presence of persistent blocks under the wheels of the chassis;
availability of fire extinguishing equipment near the helicopter;
in the absence of small stones and foreign objects on the site near the helicopter that could get into the propeller blades or engines.

2.4. Crew members carry out a control inspection of the helicopter and its equipment in accordance with the requirements of the Flight Manual, in the sequence and to the extent specified in the checklists.

2.5. During the pre-flight inspection it is necessary to:

use serviceable stepladders and ladders provided for the Mi-8 helicopter, and special care should be taken in adverse weather conditions. You can not jump from the stepladder and stairs or go down, stepping through several steps
be careful when moving around the parking lot so as not to stumble and hit on hoses, cables, cables, helicopter heating sleeves, thrust pads, carts, cylinders;
to avoid injury to the head, be careful when moving near low-lying and protruding parts of the helicopter;
before climbing into the helicopter, it is necessary to make sure that the boarding ladder is securely installed, excluding the possibility of its spontaneous movement, while paying attention to the fact that the ladder eyes fit into the slots, and that there are no ice, fuels and lubricants and other substances on the surface of the ladder, promoting slip;
when climbing (descent) along the boarding ladder, you should exercise increased caution, do not rush.

2.6. When refueling a helicopter, the following safety requirements must be observed:

check the grounding of the helicopter and the tanker, their connection with a cable to equalize the potentials of static electricity;
make sure that the necessary fire extinguishing equipment is available near the helicopter;
check whether the electrical consumers are switched off, except for the refueling control devices.

2.7. While refueling a helicopter, it is prohibited to:

switch on-board batteries, connect airfield power sources;
carry out work on radio and electrical equipment;
carry out work on a helicopter related to sparking, open flame, as well as use open fire at a distance of less than 25 m from the helicopter;
it is forbidden to refuel into the tanks with the helicopter engines running or being at a distance of less than 25 m from other helicopters or aircraft with engines running.

2.8. When loading and unloading, the following basic requirements must be observed:

the flight mechanic must ensure that the loading of the helicopter with equipment, cargo is carried out through the cargo hatch along the ladders;
before starting loading into the helicopter, it is necessary to open and fix the cargo hatch doors in the open position, place the ladders under the required gauge of the self-propelled equipment being loaded, check the availability and serviceability of the required rigging and mooring equipment;
when working at night, it is necessary to turn on the on-board lighting;
approaches to the front door and emergency hatches must be free and not cluttered with cargo or luggage;
loading wheeled vehicles from the ground into the helicopter along the ramps through the cargo hatch must be carried out using a serviceable LPG-2 loading electric winch, the winch is controlled by a flight mechanic;
loading and unloading of self-propelled equipment (UAZ-469) should be carried out on its own, when placed in a cargo compartment, insurance is required with a parking brake and thrust columns for wheels on both sides;
in the case of rolling into a helicopter two pieces of equipment connected to each other, thrust blocks should be placed under the wheels of the equipment going in front;
wheeled vehicles must be transported with reduced air pressure in tires and with axles mounted on support blocks;
loads placed in a helicopter must be secured in such a way as to exclude the possibility of their spontaneous movement in flight;
small loads must be tied together or loaded into special boxes and fastened to the floor using mooring nets and cables;
bulky cargo and transported equipment must be secured to the mooring rings on the floor of the cargo compartment using mooring ropes;
when closing the front door and the doors of the cargo hatch, care should be taken to avoid pinching the limbs;
transportation of long-sized cargo is allowed with half-open cargo doors, which must be securely fastened;
when preparing for work on transporting cargo on an external sling, the flight mechanic must check the availability of information on strength tests of slinging elements; the use of slings and cables with mechanical damage exceeding the permissible limits is prohibited.

2.9. If it is necessary to climb up through the engine exit hatch and move on open hoods, extra caution should be exercised.

3. Safety requirements in the process of performing a flight mission

3.1. The main condition for ensuring the safety of crew members in the process of performing a flight task is their strict compliance with the requirements of the RMP, RLE and the Mi-8 helicopter crew work technology.

3.2. The helicopter commander may start the engines only after the aircraft technician reports on the readiness of the helicopter for flight, conducts a control inspection of the helicopter and performs a pre-launch control check.

3.3. Before starting the engines, the helicopter commander must make sure that the thrust pads are under the wheels of the landing gear, and that there are no foreign objects and people near the helicopter and in the area of rotation of the main rotor.

3.4. The helicopter commander must give the command "from the propellers" and after receiving the answer "There are from the propellers" make sure that the aircraft technician is outside the main rotor rotation zone ahead-left in the field of view.

3.5. The aircraft engineer's signal to immediately turn off the engines must be carried out immediately.

3.6. The maximum number of people on board a helicopter must not exceed the number of seats provided with seat belts.

3.7. Crew members during the flight, being at their workplaces, must be fastened to the seats with seat belts.

3.8. Helicopter taxiing is allowed on even and solid ground, if possible, a dusty area should be watered, and a snowy area should be cleared of snow or rolled.

3.9. To perform taxiing, make sure that there are no obstacles in the way of taxiing.

3.10. When taxiing, crew members are required to monitor the environment and warn the helicopter commander about obstacles.

3.11. Taxiing near obstacles, in a zone of heavy traffic of aircraft, special vehicles, people, as well as in limited visibility, must be carried out at a speed that ensures timely stopping of the helicopter.

3.12. Taxiing speed should be selected depending on the condition of the ground, wind direction, situation and should not exceed 30 km per hour. When taxiing in snow and dust, taxi speed should not exceed 10 km per hour.

3.13. In case of uneven or viscous ground or loose snow, instead of taxiing, you should approach the start or take off directly from the parking lot.

3.14. The helicopter commander must remember that when landing on deep snow, the distance from the ground to the main rotor decreases, which is dangerous for passengers who disembark from the helicopter, therefore, in order to avoid an accident, the helicopter commander must instruct service passengers on the procedure for disembarking from the helicopter.

3.15. The maneuver to pick up the load should be performed only after the platform is clearly visible from the hover.

3.16. During the pickup and lifting of the load, during braking before hovering, stowage and uncoupling of the load, the helicopter commander must pilot according to the commands of the flight engineer who monitors the process of work.

3.17. During the performance of work, the flight engineer must be at the open entrance door or hatch in the floor of the cargo compartment, and in the absence of a hatch - in the area of the cargo doors with the corner of the cargo door removed and, using the SPU, inform the helicopter commander about the "behavior" of the cargo and the state of the cable suspension and electric lock .

3.18. To prevent a possible fall from the front door or hatch during the performance of work, the flight mechanic must use a safety belt, while the leash of the belt must be attached to the load-bearing elements of the helicopter with a carabiner.

3.19. To ensure the safety of the flight mechanic, the hatch of the cable external suspension located in the floor of the cargo compartment must have a protective fence.

3.20. To avoid cases of injury to the eyes and hands, the flight mechanic must use protective goggles against dust and snow when working with the external harness, and gloves when working with the cable.

3.21. Helicopter flights at an altitude of more than 4000 m must be carried out using oxygen equipment by the crew; when using oxygen equipment, it should be remembered that in order to avoid the possibility of an explosion, it is necessary to exclude any contact between oxygen and fats, therefore, work with oxygen equipment should be done with clean hands without traces of fats and oils .

3.22. When taxiing, hovering and flying, it is prohibited to open the top hatch to inspect the propeller group.

4. Safety requirements in emergency situations

4.1. If during refueling the helicopter is doused with fuel, the engines can be started no earlier than 10 - 15 minutes after the spilled fuel has been removed from the surface of the helicopter and its parking area.

4.2. In the event of a fire in a helicopter on the ground, all crew members must immediately report this to the ATC service, and at the same time begin the evacuation of passengers. When extinguishing a fire, in addition to airborne means, it is necessary to additionally use ground-based fire extinguishing means available at the aerodrome.

4.3. In flight, if smoke, burning or open fire is detected, immediately report this to the helicopter commander and start searching for and extinguishing the source of fire using fire extinguishers and other available means. The fire must be reported to the dispatcher.

4.4. When smoke appears in the cockpit, all crew members should wear smoke protection equipment (oxygen masks and smoke goggles)

4.5. In the event of a fire in any of the consumers of electrical energy, it is necessary to immediately de-energize it.

4.6. The actions of the crew members in the event of an emergency landing of the helicopter and in other special cases must comply with the requirements of the Flight Manual.

5. Safety requirements at the end of work

5.1. Loading and unloading cargo, embarking and disembarking passengers must be carried out with the engines stopped, in exceptional cases, if the site is not sloping and not cluttered with foreign objects, the helicopter commander is given the right to make a decision to carry out these operations with the engines running in compliance with all necessary safety requirements.

5.2. When disembarking people with the helicopter engines running, people must move away from the helicopter at the command of a crew member, remaining in the field of view of the commander, approaching the helicopter can be from this direction, accompanied by a crew member.

5.3. Crew members and members of the slinger team must remember that it is dangerous to be between frame No. 12 of the tail boom and the rotating tail rotor.

5.4. If it is necessary to unload the loading of cargo through the cargo doors, the co-pilot must be at frame No. 12 of the tail boom and, together with the flight engineer, supervise the work of the unloading (loading) personnel.

5.5. When performing an external post-flight inspection of the helicopter, crew members must observe the precautions set out in paragraph 2.5. of this manual.

5.6. The crew members must follow the helicopter along the apron in the designated areas in a safe way, taking into account taxiing helicopters, airplanes, and special vehicles.

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