Instructions on labor protection when loading and unloading coal, cement and other bulk materials

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Instructions on labor protection when loading and unloading coal, cement and other bulk materials

Occupational Safety and Health

Occupational Safety and Health / Standard instructions for labor protection

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Safe Operation

1. General safety requirements

1.1. This Instruction is intended for workers involved in the warehouse processing of coal, cement and other bulk materials.

1.2. Compliance with the requirements of this Instruction is a prerequisite for the performance of work related to the handling of cement, coal and other bulk materials.

1.3. For loading and unloading operations with cement and coal, as well as with other bulk materials, persons are allowed at least 18 years of age, who have passed a medical examination, briefings - introductory labor protection and at the workplace.

1.4. Persons at least 18 years of age who have passed a medical examination, special training, passed exams and received a certificate for the right to perform work are allowed to operate lifting equipment, mechanization and transport.

1.5. Persons admitted to work must perform only those operations that are assigned by the administration of the enterprise.

1.6. When performing work, it is necessary to adhere to the accepted technology. Do not allow the use of methods that speed up the execution of technological operations, but lead to a violation of labor safety requirements.

1.7. In the event that any questions arise during the work related to its safe performance, you must immediately contact the person responsible for the safe performance of work at this production site.

1.8. In case of temporary or permanent transfer to another job, it is necessary to familiarize yourself with it, to be instructed on labor protection at the workplace.

1.9. When performing work on loading and unloading coal, cement and other bulk materials, workers are required to use serviceable devices and mechanisms.

1.10. When carrying out work, team members should strictly follow the instructions of the foreman or senior worker.

1.11. If you notice a violation of the instructions by other workers or a danger to others, you should warn the workers and inform the person responsible for the safe performance of work in this area.

1.12. Unload cargo from wagons during daylight hours. At night, loading and unloading operations are allowed to be carried out if there is artificial lighting in the work area of at least 20 lux.

1.13. In the cold season, outdoor work should be carried out with a break for heating. The air temperature at which outdoor work should be stopped or carried out intermittently is set by local authorities.

1.14. During the entire work shift, you should observe the correct diet, work and rest.

1.15. In the event of an accident, the injured person should immediately stop work, notify the work manager and seek medical attention.

1.16. If the dust of loose materials gets into the eyes, immediately rinse them with water, and then contact the first-aid post.

1.17. In the event of an accident with any worker, the victim should be given first (pre-medical) medical care and sent to a medical facility.

1.18. The main dangerous and harmful production factors affecting bulk materials working in the process of cargo handling are dustiness, as well as vibration and noise when working with pneumatic vibrotools.

When dust enters the human body through the respiratory organs, occupational diseases of the lungs occur, on the skin and mucous membranes - conjunctivitis, roughness, peeling, acne, etc. When working with a vibratory tool, vibration disease may occur.

1.19. To exclude the action of hazardous and harmful production factors, workers must observe personal hygiene measures and use personal protective equipment when working with dusty bulk materials.

1.20. Each worker is obliged to comply with fire safety rules, know the fire warning signals, the location of fire extinguishing equipment and be able to use them.

Do not allow the use of fire-fighting equipment for household purposes, do not block passages and access to fire-fighting equipment.

1.21. Workers performing loading and unloading operations on railway tracks must know the warning signals about the start of the movement of vehicles and the operation of lifting mechanisms.

During operation, it is necessary to be attentive to danger signals and to monitor the movement of shunting trains.

1.22. Workers must strictly comply with the requirements of this Instruction.

Persons who violate the requirements of the Instruction should be held administratively liable.

2. Safety requirements before starting work

2.1. Before starting work, you should inspect, put in order and put on overalls, depending on the cargo being processed. If the work conditions require the use of personal protective equipment, safety devices, check their completeness and serviceability.

2.2. If during the work it is supposed to use handling electrical equipment and various tools, it is necessary to first check their serviceability. Electrical equipment must be reliably grounded.

2.3. If work is carried out in insufficient natural light, make sure that artificial lighting is available and sufficient.

2.4. You should inspect the workplace, remove from it everything that may interfere with work.

Gangways, bridges, beds and other devices that interfere with the movement of the car must be removed beforehand.

Unauthorized persons are not allowed on the work sites.

2.5. Before starting loading and unloading operations, the railway car must be braked with a parking brake, and wheel chocks must be placed under the wheels on both sides.

3. Safety requirements for loading and unloading coal and other bulk materials

3.1. Safety requirements for loading and unloading operations on an elevated section of the track

3.1.1. The number of loaders unloading wagons on an elevated section of the track must be at least three people.

3.1.2. In order to avoid possible overturning of six- and eight-axle gondola cars from an elevated section of the track, the hatch covers of gondola cars loaded with bulk cargo must be opened simultaneously from both sides.

3.1.3. Railway wagons should be moved along the unloading front by locomotives, engine locomotives and a shunting winch. It is not allowed to move railway cars with the help of non-rail transport vehicles.

3.1.4. In exceptional cases, movement along the unloading front with the help of the simplest devices (manual winch, full scale) is allowed for no more than one laden wagon. These works are carried out under the direct supervision of the person responsible for carrying out loading and unloading operations. The movement of wagons with the help of shunting winches is carried out at a speed of not more than 2 km/h.

3.1.5. When moving the wagons with a full house, the workers must be on the side of the wagons outside the rail track.

3.1.6. It is forbidden to roll out cars beyond the limit posts, push them with other cars.

3.1.7. During unloading, it is not allowed to carry out work related to the repair of the body, the bunker of the loaded wagon, etc.

3.1.8. To ensure safe and convenient access for workers to gondola cars to be unloaded, and unhindered opening and closing of hatches, elevated sections of the track with a height of 2,5 m or more must be equipped with walkways located along the track.

3.1.9. Climbing and descending from a car located on an elevated section of the track is allowed only on stairs equipped with handrails.

3.1.10. Coal briquettes are pre-moistened with water to avoid the formation of dust during unloading.

3.1.11. Car hatch covers are opened with the help of rods specially designed for this purpose. This operation must be carried out by workers with experience in performing these works. At the moment of opening the locking hook, workers must be at a distance of at least 1 m from the hatch being opened.

3.1.12. Opening hatches of gondola cars is carried out in the following sequence:

discard safety sectors of hatch locks;
at each gondola car, an odd locking hook (No. 3, 5, 7, etc.) is beaten off with a rod and a sledgehammer to such a position that its lower pin remains engaged with the hatch cover;
after carrying out operations with odd hooks, the even locking hooks are completely beaten off, starting from the first one. At the moment of disengagement of the even-numbered hook of the opening hatch, the loader must be on the outside of the wagon at a safe distance and at least 1 m from the side edge of the said hatch;
having beaten off the second locking hook at the hatch, the loader moves from the cargo spilling out of the hatch to the next position.

3.1.13. The locks at the side of the platform must be opened with a crowbar, first of all in the middle, and then at the ends of the platform, while the worker must be at a distance of at least 1 m from the side of the platform.

3.1.14. When opening the hatches of the wagon and the sides of the platform loaded with coal or other bulk materials, loaders should be located on the windward side.

3.1.15. Upon completion of the unloading of the wagon or platform, it is necessary to clear the tracks from the remains of the cargo under the wagons, while the cargo is removed to the level of the complete release of the rail head. A complete cleaning of the track is carried out after the train is withdrawn from the section of the elevated track.

3.1.16. Hatch covers of gondola cars and platform sides should be closed on the section of the track, the adjacent platforms of which are at the level of the rail head.

3.1.17. The gondola car hatches must be closed after unloading using hatch lifters or other special devices.

3.1.18. Each manhole cover is manually closed by three loaders, two of whom lift it with crowbars, and the third puts the crowbar into the eye and lifts the cover to the frame of the gondola car. The hatch cover must be fixed on the locking hooks and the safety sectors should be thrown.

3.1.19. When unloading coal and other bulk materials from gondola cars, it is not allowed:

be under open hatches of gondola cars;
make digs in packed and frozen cargo;
hit the hooks and sectors of hatch locks with a crowbar when opening hatches;
use a faulty tool not intended for this type of work;
carry out unloading without the use of overalls and protective equipment;
crawl under the hatch of a gondola car;
be in the wagons and on the elevated section of the track during the supply and cleaning of wagons;
close the hatches of gondola cars on an elevated section of the track and on a slope;
unload gondola cars without reliable fastening from a spontaneous exit from an elevated section of the track.

3.1.20. When unloading bulk materials from gondola cars, closed cars and from platforms using a bucket loader, it is not allowed:

move cargo and carry out loading and unloading operations with the help of a loader on a site with a transverse and longitudinal slope, the value of which exceeds that specified in the loader's passport;
work on a loader in places littered with various objects;
remove any objects from the auger and chain while the engine is running;
to carry out rotation of the screw on turns;
approach the working auger closer than 5 m.

Violation of these requirements can lead to the creation of emergency situations, accidents and accidents.

3.2. Safety requirements for loading and unloading coal and other bulk materials by grader method

3.2.1. Before starting work on lifting equipment used for unloading and loading coal, the operator must familiarize himself with the entries in the shift acceptance and delivery log and accept the equipment.

3.2.2. After inspecting the equipment before putting it into operation, it is necessary to test it at idle, check the serviceability of the brakes, electrical equipment, safety devices and devices.

3.2.3. It is not allowed to work on a crane if the wind speed exceeds the allowable value specified in the passport.

3.2.4. The arrangement of wagons and platforms along the unloading front is carried out in such a way that the crane during unloading operations has a minimum movement to move the cargo to the place of storage.

3.2.5. When lowering the grab to grab the load, the crane operator must take precautions. The grapple must be lowered and raised smoothly, without jerking or rocking.

3.2.6. It is forbidden to lower the grab into the body of a gondola car or onto a platform, to lift it with a load when people are there.

3.2.7. People are not allowed in the crane operation area, since during technological operations during cargo handling, traumatic situations are created (loss of cargo from the grab, sharp lowering of the boom, constant change in the position of the crane, etc.), which can cause accidents.

3.2.8. Unloaded bulk materials are placed in piles, the lower base of which must be located at a distance of at least 2 m from the head of the outermost rail.

3.2.9. At the end of work, the clamshell loader operator must install the boom along the longitudinal axis of the undercarriage, lower the bucket to the transport position, turn off the engine and put the loader on the brake, and all control levers in the neutral position.

3.3. Safety requirements for loading coal and other bulk materials onto vehicles

3.3.1. When placed on loading and unloading areas, the distance between cars standing one after another must be at least 1 m, and between cars standing side by side (along the front), at least 1,5 m.

3.3.2. You can start unloading and unloading vehicles only after they have completely stopped.

3.3.3. The distance between the vehicle and the stack of cargo must be at least 1 m.

3.3.4. It is not allowed to fill the loader bucket by cutting into the stack from acceleration.

3.3.5. It is not allowed to carry out loading and unloading operations when unauthorized persons are on the loading area.

3.3.6. Drivers of cars and other persons during unloading of the car should not be in a cabin and on steps.

3.3.7. Do not leave the forklift with the engine running unattended. When leaving the loader, the driver must turn it off, brake with a hand brake and lower the working bodies.

3.3.8. When using front-end loaders, it is allowed to start the engine, get in and out of the cab only with the bucket lowered to the ground and the hydraulic distributor levers in neutral position.

3.3.9. The driver of a front-end loader during loading should not lean out of the cab, smoothly turn the loader with a loaded bucket.

3.3.10. It is not allowed to use the hydraulic system of machines with oil leakage in the joints.

3.3.11. It is allowed to unscrew and tighten fittings and union nuts of oil pipelines and hoses when the boom is lowered and the hydraulic pumps are completely stopped.

3.3.12. The bucket is cleaned with the engine off, and the bucket must be lowered to the ground.

3.3.13. In the stacks of cargo, undermining, sheds should not be allowed, you should not work near the sheer top or overhanging peak of the stack, and also stand or walk directly on the surface of the stacks, as it may collapse.

3.4. Safety requirements for loading and unloading coal briquettes coated with pitch-containing substances

3.4.1. Persons suffering from diseases of the skin and mucous membranes are not allowed to work with pitch-containing substances.

3.4.2. Loading and unloading of coal briquettes coated with pitch-containing substances is carried out only at night. In exceptional cases, unloading and loading of coal briquettes on a cloudy day is allowed, while loading and unloading operations must be carried out under a canopy.

3.4.3. Before starting work, loaders must put on personal protective equipment. The face and exposed parts of the body must be lubricated with anti-peck pastes HIOT, TSIILGIS-1 or TsNLGIS-6 powder. The eyes are protected from the action of pitch by goggles, while taking off goggles during work is not allowed. After work, overalls should be cleaned and washed.

3.4.4. Works related to the handling of coal briquettes coated with pitch-containing substances must be mechanized. Manual work is allowed only in exceptional cases with the use of carts, stretchers and other small-scale mechanization.

3.4.5. Storage of coal covered with pitch-containing mass in general warehouses is not allowed. Coal briquettes coated with a pitch-containing mass must be stored in specially designated places.

3.4.6. Wagons and other vehicles that transported coal briquettes coated with pitch-containing substances, as well as loading and unloading areas, should be thoroughly cleaned and washed with a stream of hot water.

4. Safety requirements for loading and unloading cement and lime materials

4.1. Unloading of cement from the cement hopper is allowed only in places specially designated for this purpose.

4.1.2. In places of unloading and overpasses, fences for safe work on the roof of the car must be provided.

4.1.3. To climb to the roof of the car, workers must use ladders or use the ladder devices of the car.

4.1.4. In order to exclude the creation of a vacuum in the hopper body and ensure normal cargo spillage, open two loading hatches on the roof before starting its unloading.

4.1.5. It is not allowed to approach the area of possible fall of the manhole cover.

4.1.6. Loosening of cargo in the hopper is carried out using rods, elongated crowbars and shovels.

4.1.7. For the safe performance of work inside the receiving hopper, special platforms, cradles and other devices lowered down on cargo ropes, the upper ends of which are fixed to a reliable support, should be used. In case of artificial collapse of materials from the walls of the bunker, the site should be located on its opposite side. A worker located on a special platform must be provided with a safety rope, one end of which must be fixed to the worker's safety belt, and the other to a support located outside the bunker.

4.2. Safety requirements for unloading cement and lime materials by pneumatic unloaders

4.2.1. Persons who have undergone special training are allowed to operate the pneumatic unloader.

4.2.2. Before starting work on the pneumatic unloader, the worker must put on and put in order overalls; check the serviceability of: respirators, dielectric gloves, galoshes, a rubber mat located on the floor at the control panel; fencing couplings, V-belt drives and other rotating parts; grounding of all equipment, electric lighting, units and auxiliary devices.

4.2.3. Before starting the vacuum pump, open the supply valve and the valves supplying water to the pump glands.

4.2.4. Turning the vacuum pump manually is carried out before the control circuit is connected to the mains.

4.2.5. The start of the pneumatic loader should be carried out in the following sequence:

turn on the switch of the package switch, and then the control circuit;
turn on the electric motor of the auger of the unloading mechanism;
check the operation of the electric motors of the vacuum pump and the screw according to the readings of the ammeter installed on the control panel;
give the set sound signal and make sure that there are no people near the intake device and nothing prevents it from starting;
turn on the electric motor of the intake device;
turn on the drive motor of the intake disk;
check the operation of the intake device and other units and electrical equipment at idle.

4.2.6. Report all detected shortcomings in the operation of electrical equipment, vacuum pump, auger, sound signal and other units to the head of the site and do not turn on the unloader until they are eliminated.

4.2.7. When installing a ladder (flooring) in the doorway of the car, you should check its serviceability and reliability of fastening with hooks to the door rail.

4.2.8. Before each start of the unloader, the set sound signal should be given.

4.2.9. People are not allowed in the car while the unloader is working.

4.2.10. During the operation of the unloader, the minder, maneuvering the intake device around the car, must not allow the intake device to hit the walls of the cars.

4.2.11. It is allowed for workers to enter the car to collect the remaining bulk cargo from places not accessible to the unloader (near walls, in corners) only after the unloader is turned off and the intake device is installed with rake discs against the wall, it is allowed to turn on the unloader only after the workers leave the car.

4.2.12. If malfunctions of the unloader mechanisms are detected, it is necessary to stop, turn off the electric motors of the mechanisms, turn off the power grid, hang out a poster on the knife switch "Do not turn it on! People are working!".

4.2.13. It is not allowed to repair, clean, lubricate the mechanisms of the unloader during operation.

4.2.14. Before starting the unloading of cement and lime materials with a pneumatic loader, it is necessary to check the serviceability of the pressure gauge.

4.2.15. During the operation of the pneumatic unloader, it is not allowed to approach its intake device at a distance closer than 1 m.

4.2.16. With an increased pressure in the mixing chamber of the suction-pressure unloader up to 0,14 MPa, it is necessary to turn off the screw drive motor and shut off the compressed air supply to the mixing chamber.

4.2.17. In the event of a sudden power outage, all unloader mechanisms must be turned off.

4.2.18. At the end of the work of the pneumatic loader, it is necessary to turn off all mechanisms, disconnect from the mains, clean the intake device.

4.3. Safety requirements for loading and unloading cement and lime materials from cement trucks and railway tanks

4.3.1. Persons who have studied the devices of this machine and the rules for the operation of pressure vessels and have received an appropriate certificate for the right to perform work are allowed to service cement trucks, pneumatic stone pumps, cement trucks.

4.3.2. The top hatch of a cement car with pneumatic loading and cement trucks of all types should be opened in the absence of pressure in the tank.

4.3.3. When unloading dusty materials using pneumatic loaders, electric motors and starting equipment must be reliably grounded.

4.3.4. Before each activation of the mechanisms, a warning signal is given.

4.3.5. When loading a cement truck, you must:

put the cement truck in such a way that the tank hatch is under the loading device;
open the manhole cover of the cement truck, after making sure that there is no pressure in the tank;
after filling the tank of the cement truck, close its lid tightly.

4.3.6. After loading bulk cargo, the cement truck should be transferred to the transport position, for which the hose should be disconnected from the filter, the loading hose with the nozzle should be placed in the transport position.

4.3.7. It is allowed to open and close the hatches of the tank car and cement cars only from the service platform located on one of the sides of the tank.

4.3.8. It is allowed to disconnect air hoses in the absence of pressure in them.

4.3.9. Before starting the compressor, the worker must make sure that its parts and safety devices are in good condition. The air duct system must be equipped with safety and non-return valves.

4.3.10. It is not allowed to operate pneumatic conveying equipment if:

leakage of the air-material mixture through the bolted connections of the fittings, seals and other elements of the pump, as well as the leakage of compressed air through the pneumatic control elements and pipeline seals;
increase in pressure above the allowable;
pressure gauge malfunctions;
malfunctions of fasteners of hatches and other fittings.

4.3.11. Compressor operation must be stopped in the following cases:

the appearance of an unacceptable runout of the flywheel;
heating of bearings above the permissible norm;
lack of oil in the compressor crankcase;
compressor drive malfunctions;
lack of lubricants installed for this compressor.

4.3.12. It is not allowed to remove the guards from the compressor during operation, climb under them and leave them loose after inspection or repair.

4.3.13. It is not allowed to create a preliminary pressure in the tank of a cement truck when unloading cement.

4.3.14. Before unloading cement from a cement truck and a cement truck, the following operations must be carried out:

open the cover on the pipe;
connect the compressor with the air duct of the tank-semi-trailer with a hose for air supply;
connect the discharge hose and direct it to the cement receiving warehouse;
open the shut-off valve of the loading device;
turn on the compressor and create pressure in the tank-semi-trailer equal to the working one.

4.3.15. During the unloading of cement from the tank, it is necessary to monitor the readings of the pressure gauge, and if the pressure rises above the permissible limit, stop the compressor. It is not allowed to increase the pressure in the tank of a cement truck above 0,15 MPa.

4.4. Safety requirements for unloading and unloading cement and lime materials packed in bags

4.4.1. All work related to the loading and unloading of cement and lime materials packed in bags is carried out under the supervision of a person responsible for the safe handling of loading and unloading operations.

4.4.2. Cargo handling of bagged and palletized cargo is carried out using auto- and electric forklifts. Handling of packaged cargo manually using small-scale mechanization is allowed.

4.4.3. The permissible height of stacks when laying bags of cement and lime materials manually is no more than 3 m, and with the help of auto- and electric forklifts, packages on pallets are 2-4 tiers.

4.4.4. Cargo in bags should be stacked in a bandage, every six rows of planks are installed.

When forming packages, the bags are stacked on flat pallets so that each of them does not protrude beyond the edge of the pallet by more than 5 cm. It is not allowed to stack damaged bags in stacks and on pallets.

4.4.5. Disassemble bags of cement and lime materials stacked in piles should be from the upper tier. It is not allowed to pull out individual bags located in the lower tier of the stack, as this may impair its stability and cause the top bags to fall.

4.4.6. When removing bags from the top of the stack, you must first make sure that the bags lying nearby are in a stable position.

4.4.7. Persons working on auto- and electric loaders must have an appropriate certificate for the right to drive them and comply with safety requirements in accordance with the Labor Safety Instruction for drivers of auto- and electric loaders.

4.4.8. Before working on the conveyor, you must make sure that it is in good condition. Conveyors must be installed so that there are free passages at least 1 m wide on the sides.

4.4.9. Protruding and rotating parts of conveyors (pulleys, gears, couplings, shaft ends) must be protected.

4.4.10. It is not allowed to work on the conveyor when the belt is skewed and slipped, to manually clean the conveyor belt on the move, to clean under the transported belt and the drum while the conveyor is running.

4.4.11. It is not allowed to move the conveyor which is in operation. Before starting the movement and at the end of work, it must be lowered to the lower position. Move the conveyor to a new location with the motor turned off and the electrical cable disconnected.

5. Safety requirements for the operation of vibrators

5.1. Only persons with special training, sufficient skills, who have been instructed in safety precautions are allowed to service vibration installations.

5.2. Before starting work, you must make sure that the vibrator is in good condition.

5.3. Not allowed:

be in the zone of the working vibrator (closer than 2 m) or under it;
entrust control of the vibrator to another person;
leave the switched on vibrator unattended and turn it on in a suspended state.

5.4. To clean the gondola car from coal and other bulk materials, turn on the vibrator only when the hatches are open.

5.5. Upon completion of the gondola car cleaning, the vibrator should be turned off, preventing idling.

5.6. Restoring the flowability of frozen cargo with the help of vibro-impact loosening installations should be carried out by a driver-operator and two loaders.

5.7. Vibro-impact loosening installations are allowed to be used only in open rolling stock.

5.8. During the operation of vibrators, vibro-impact rippers, drilling rigs and boring milling rippers, the workers must be outside the gondola car body, at a distance of at least 1 m from open hatches.

6. Safety requirements when working on jet installations used to thaw frozen cargo

6.1. Persons who have undergone special training and have a certificate for the right to operate these installations are allowed to work on jet installations used to thaw frozen cargo.

6.2. The driver's cab with the rocket launcher control panel must be located at a distance of at least 15 m from the launcher.

6.3. It is not allowed to store fuel, lubricants and cleaning materials in the engine compartment of the rocket launcher.

6.4. During operation, the rocket launcher operator is prohibited from:

allow unauthorized persons into the control cabin;
transfer control of the engine to another person;
repair and adjust the engine during its operation;
smoke and use open flames in the engine compartment.

6.5. In order to prevent a fire, it is not allowed to make open fires, to carry out work that causes sparking, at a distance of less than 25 m from the rocket launcher.

6.6. To protect against the harmful effects of sound pressure (noise), operating personnel must be provided with hearing protection (anti-noise headphones VTsNIIOT-2M, VTsNIIOT-7I, ear plugs).

6.7. When filling tanks with fuel, it is allowed to unscrew and screw in the filler caps only with wrenches specially designed for this purpose.

6.8. Prior to the start of filling the tanks, the rocket launcher and the tanker must be reliably grounded, and the dispensing valve must be connected to the dispensing hose braid by means of a metal jumper. The tanker should not be located at a distance of less than 2 m from the rocket launcher.

6.9. It is allowed to fill the jet installation with fuel not earlier than 5 minutes after turning off the engines.

Refueling during a thunderstorm is prohibited.

7. Safety requirements for the operation of convective defrosting garages

7.1. Gas service personnel must be trained in the rules for handling gas and are allowed to work only after passing the appropriate exam and issuing a certificate.

7.2. Servicing a section of a convective garage with a temperature above 50 ° C is only allowed in special clothing and oxygen-isolating devices.

7.3. When regulating the combustion process in furnaces, it is necessary to use protective goggles of the ZN8-72 type with D1 light filters.

7.4. Unauthorized persons are not allowed on the territory of the garage.

7.5. The content of carbon monoxide in indoor air should not exceed 0,02 mg/l, natural gas (methane) - 0,4%.

7.6. To prevent hydraulic shocks that cause rupture of pipelines, open and close valves (gate valves) by slowly turning the handwheel.

7.7. To prevent burns, do not touch anything with bare hands.

8. Use of personal protective equipment, personal hygiene

8.1. When carrying out work on loading and unloading cement, lime materials, coal and other bulk cargoes, workers (depending on specific conditions) must use appropriate overalls and personal protective equipment:

in summer, to protect the skin from dust released during loading and unloading of cement, lime materials - cotton overalls with a hood made of dust-proof fabric;
in winter, when carrying out loading and unloading operations in the open air, an additional cotton jacket and trousers with an insulating lining are issued;
leather shoes must be used to protect the legs;
to protect the organs of vision, closed protective goggles ZN-72, goggles with direct ventilation ZPZ-80 are used; when cleaning gondola cars, when grinding frozen coal and other bulk cargo, protective goggles are used, a half mask with a mesh and three-layer colorless glasses OZZ-12 (factory code C 15-TR); when regulating the combustion process in the furnaces of convective defrosting garages - goggles of the ZN-8 type with D1 light filters; when unloading and loading coal briquettes coated with pitch-containing substances - type ZN8 glasses with light glasses when working in the evening and at night and with yellow-green glasses - during the day;
tarpaulin mittens are used to protect hands;
to protect the head, a construction helmet is used when working with cement, a protective helmet - with coal;
respiratory organs are protected by F-62 III respirators;
to protect hearing organs when working on rocket launchers, anti-noise headphones "VTsNIIOT-2M" and an anti-noise helmet are used.

8.2. When working with vibration tools, to protect the worker from increased vibration, it is necessary to use anti-vibration gloves; semi-boots yuft with vibration damping soles.

8.3. Overalls, special footwear, as well as personal protective equipment are stored in the dressing rooms after the shift. Storage, repair and washing of overalls and protective equipment at home is not allowed.

8.4. When working in a respirator, it is recommended to take a nine-minute rest break every hour.

8.5. Respirators should be individual, properly selected for each worker.

Choosing the right size respirator should be approximated by the height of the face (the distance between the point of the deepest bridge of the nose and the lowest point of the chin along the midline of the face).

The dimensions of the U-2K and F-62Sh respirator can be selected according to the following table:

8.6. After use, the respirator must be cleaned with a brush or light shaking.

8.7. At the end of work, you need to take a shower, which will cleanse the skin of pollution, will improve blood circulation.

8.8. Before starting work with pitch-containing substances, loaders should cover their face, neck, hands up to the middle of the forearm with anti-peck pastes by light rubbing. To do this, it is recommended to use pastes HIOT, TsNILGIS-1, powder TsNLGIS-6. TsNILGIS-1 paste may be used at an air temperature of at least 12°C.

8.9. At the end of work and before eating, the HIOT paste is washed off first with cold and then with warm water and soap.

TsNILGIS-1 paste and TsNILGIS-6 powder are washed off with a stream of warm water under the shower for 1-2 minutes without the help of hands.

8.10. Eating, drinking and smoking is allowed only during breaks between work in a specially designated place after removing overalls, thoroughly washing hands and face, and rinsing the mouth.

8.11. When working with lime materials, exposed areas of the body must be lubricated with petroleum jelly or zinc stearate ointment No. 1 or No. 2. After work, the ointment is removed with a clean, dry cloth and washed off with warm water and soap.

9. Safety requirements in emergency situations

9.1. In the case of pressing a worker with wagons, a hatch cover, a load, it is necessary:

stop further work;
turn off working mechanisms;
take measures to release the victim from under the squeezed load;
provide the victim with first aid;
warn others about the danger, report the incident to the work manager and take measures to evacuate the victim to a medical institution.

9.2. When a worker falls into a bunker, a gondola car, you must:

carefully, using safety devices, lower yourself to the victim;
determine his condition, provide first aid;
take measures to remove the victim from the car, bunker and evacuate to a medical facility.

9.3. In the event of an accident or an accident while working on a bucket loader, you must:

stop doing work;
turn off the engine;
put the control levers in the neutral position;
if an accident occurs, then provide assistance to the victim;
report the incident to the work manager and take measures to evacuate the victim to a medical facility.

9.4. In emergency situations during loading (unloading) by the clamshell method, it is necessary:

stop work;
lower the bucket;
turn off the engine;
put the loader on the brake;
move all control levers to the neutral position;
take measures to provide assistance to the victim and evacuate him to a medical institution;
report the incident to the supervisor.

9.5. In case of emergencies that occur during work with the use of pneumatic unloaders, it is necessary:

turn off the drive motors of the disc and the intake device, the auger of the unloading mechanism, the vacuum pump;
turn off the control circuit and the switch of the package switch;
put the pneumatic loader with an intake device against the wall;
in case of accidents, provide first aid to the victim, report the incident to the head, take measures to evacuate him to a medical institution.

9.6. In case of emergencies that occur when unloading cement trucks, railway tanks, it is necessary:

turn off the compressor;
close the stopcock;
disconnect the compressor from the air duct;
in case of an accident, provide first aid to the victim, report the incident to the work manager and take measures to evacuate the victim to a medical facility.

9.7. In emergency situations while working with vibrators, you must:

turn off the vibrator;
turn off the general switch;
report the incident to the head of work, and in case of accidents, provide first aid to the victim and take measures to evacuate him to a medical institution.

9.8. In case of accidents while working on jet installations used to thaw frozen cargo, it is necessary:

turn off the engine;
stop the fuel supply;
close the dispensing valve;
call the fire and emergency brigade, report the incident to the work manager and take measures to extinguish the fire with the fire extinguishing equipment available at the site.

9.9. In the event of an accident during the operation of convective defrosting garages, a worker servicing the gas facilities is obliged to:

close valves (gate valves) of pipelines;
report the incident to the person responsible for the gas facilities;
in the event of a fire, call the fire brigade and take measures to eliminate it with fire extinguishing equipment available in the garage.

10. Safety requirements at the end of work

10.1. Turn off the electrical equipment used, mechanisms, turn off the engines, put the levers in the neutral position.

10.2. Disconnect electrical equipment from the network, pneumatic tools from air ducts.

10.3. Close all valves and valves on the air, gas and fuel lines.

10.4. Clean, conduct an external inspection in order to identify possible defects, lubricate the mechanisms used.

10.5. Equipment and inventory to clean, wipe and put in the designated place.

10.6. Inform the foreman or shift worker of all malfunctions of mechanisms and equipment noticed during work, and make an entry in the logbook.

10.7. Remove any personal protective equipment used, put it in a storage cabinet or, if necessary, hand it over for cleaning.

10.8. Wash your face and hands with soap and take a warm shower.

We recommend interesting articles Section Standard instructions for labor protection:

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