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Instructions on labor protection for the driver of a construction hoist. Full document

Occupational Safety and Health / Standard instructions for labor protection

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1. General provisions

1.1. The instructions apply to all departments of the enterprise.

1.2. The instruction was developed on the basis of DNAOP 0.00-8.03-93 "Procedure for the development and approval by the owner of labor protection regulations in force at the enterprise", DNAOP 0.00-4.15-98 "Regulations on the development of labor protection instructions", DNAOP 0.00-4.12-99 " Standard regulation on training on labor protection", DNAOP 0.00-1.02-99 "Rules for the design and safe operation of elevators", SNiP III-4-80 "Safety in construction".

1.3. According to this instruction, the construction hoist driver (hereinafter referred to as the driver) is instructed before starting work at the enterprise (initial briefing), and then every 3 months (repeated briefing). The results of the briefing are recorded in the "Journal of registration of briefings on labor protection issues. The log, after passing the briefing, must have the signatures of the instructor and the driver.

1.4. The owner must insure the driver against accidents and occupational diseases. In case of damage to health due to the fault of the owner, he (the driver) has the right to compensation for the harm caused to him.

1.5. For non-compliance with this instruction, the driver bears disciplinary, material, administrative and criminal liability.

1.6. Persons at least 18 years of age who have undergone a medical examination, special training and have a lift driver's license, have passed an introductory briefing on labor protection and briefing at the workplace are allowed to work on the lifts.

1.7. The driver must have the II qualification group for electrical safety.

1.8. When operating the lift, the driver must have a certificate for the right to operate the lift.

1.9. In the event of a transfer from one type of lift to another, or if there is a break in work for more than one year, the driver must re-train and certify.

1.10. The driver must:

1.10.1. Comply with internal labor regulations.

1.10.2. Remember personal responsibility for the implementation of labor protection rules and the safety of colleagues.

1.10.3. Use overalls and personal protective equipment.

1.10.4. Know how to provide first aid to victims of accidents.

1.10.5. Be familiar with the use of primary fire extinguishing equipment.

1.11. The lift is installed in accordance with the work execution plan (PWR).

1.12. The lift mast must be attached to the elements of the building under construction with rigid metal structures, or stretch marks from a steel rope equipped with a tension control device. It is allowed to install the lift without fixing the mast. In this case, it must be designed for stability, taking into account the actual operating and test loads.

1.13. The possibility of attaching the lift to the elements of the building must be confirmed by the design and construction organization.

1.14. Pit and shaft equipment at construction hoists is not necessary.

1.15. For maintenance of mechanisms, electrical equipment, they must be provided with convenient and safe access.

1.16. Places at the upper and intermediate stops of the platform should be equipped, if necessary, with receiving platforms with railings that ensure safe loading and unloading of building materials.

1.17. It is allowed to fence the platform of cargo lifts from three sides, provided that there is a device that prevents the possible sliding of the load beyond the dimensions of the platform.

The height of the fence must be at least 1000 mm with a continuous sheathing from below to a height of at least 200 mm. For platforms where access of people is excluded, the height of the fence can be reduced to 500 mm.

1.18. Platforms intended for lifting trolleys or carts must be equipped with stops or locks that prevent the trolley or cart from moving.

1.19. The lift platform must be equipped with safety gears that can be actuated by mechanically connecting them to the carrying ropes.

1.20. The safety margin of the ropes of the hoists, on the platform of which the exit of people is excluded, must be taken at least 5.

1.21. At cargo lifts, multi-layer winding of ropes on a smooth drum is allowed; in the absence of a rope layer, the angle of the rope on the drum should not exceed 3 °.

1.22. Smooth drums, as well as drums with grooves, designed for one layer of rope, must be with flanges. The flanges must rise above the top layer of the rope by at least two of its diameters.

1.23. Hoists must be equipped with limit switches that turn off the drive when the platform moves to the extreme working positions by no more than 200 mm.

1.24. At cargo lifts, the control apparatus is installed in a safe place, with sufficient visibility of the loading and unloading areas.

1.25. The driver's workplace must be protected from atmospheric precipitation, insulated and, if necessary, must have a sufficiently strong ceiling.

1.26. The flexible cable, suspended from the platform, can be fixed on the building, or have a device that prevents it from swinging.

1.27. The elevator control point must be signaled from all floors where loading and unloading takes place.

1.28. The rules for using the lift must be posted on the platforms from which the platform is loaded or unloaded and must contain the following data:

1.28.1. Loading method.

1.28.2. signaling method.

1.28.3. Prohibition of people entering the platform of cargo construction hoists.

1.28.4. Other instructions for the maintenance of the lift.

1.29. Near all places of loading and unloading of the platform, inscriptions should be made indicating the maximum weight that is allowed to be lifted or lowered.

1.30. In addition to the driver, the lift must be serviced by workers. The senior worker, after loading the platform with materials, gives the signal "rise". On each floor there should be a worker responsible for lifting the load. It also gives a signal to stop and lower.

1.31. Operators of the lift must be familiar with the signals for raising, stopping and lowering the platform.

1.32. Before putting the lift into operation (after installation, carried out in accordance with the PVR), it is necessary to carry out a technical examination by examining the lift, static and dynamic tests and checking the operation of protective devices.

1.33. During the inspection, the condition of the lift is determined, the operation of the mechanisms, grounding, the condition of the electrical wiring, control panel, safety catchers, limit switches and the presence of a fence are checked.

1.34. During the check of the safety catchers, the platform is placed in the lower position on the supports, the ropes are loosened, after which the support is removed, and the platform falls freely. The path of the platform from the moment the fall begins to its landing on the catchers should not exceed 100 mm.

1.35. The limit switch is tested by raising the platform to full height until the lever touches it. With a working limit switch, the electric motor should turn off and the brake pads tighten.

1.36. The reliability of all safety devices is checked at least once every 10 days.

1.37. The fastening of the rope to the platform of the lift must be made reliably and exclude the possibility of its chafing and jamming.

1.38. On the lift, clearly visible inscriptions should be placed: "Inventory number", "Load capacity, no more.", "Do not stand under the platform". The warning sign "Get up! People are not allowed to enter the platform" is hung out at the places where the cargo is received.

1.39. The area below the raised or lowered platform is a hazardous area and access is prohibited.

1.40. The danger zone at a building height of 20 m must be at least 7 m, and at a height of up to 100 m - at least 10 m. The danger zone must be fenced off. The railing must have a clearly visible inscription "No Entry into the Danger Zone".

1.41. When working at night, the working area of ​​the lift must be well lit.

2. Safety requirements before starting work

2.1. Every day, before starting work, the driver must carefully inspect the mechanisms of the hoist, winch, brakes, and guards of rotating parts.

2.2. Inspect limit switches, load height limiters, catchers, grounding.

2.3. Check the danger zone fence, the presence of warning notices, instructions for the safe operation of the lift.

2.4. Test the operation of all mechanisms of the lift at idle.

2.5. The lift cannot be allowed to work if:

2.5.1. Didn't pass technical inspection.

2.5.2. The brakes do not work properly, the load lifting limiters, safety catchers, limit switches, and grounding are missing or faulty.

2.5.3. The cargo rope has wear, kinks, melting, corrosion.

2.5.4. The control panel is in a faulty state.

2.5.5. There is a distortion of the guide blocks, as a result of which the rope may slip.

2.5.6. There is no protection of the cargo platform and cargo rope between the mast and the winch drum.

2.5.7. The flooring of the loading platform is not cleared of debris, dirt, and in winter of snow and ice.

2.5.8. Conductive parts of electrical equipment are not closed or damaged.

2.5.9. There is no grounding.

2.5.10. The danger zone is not fenced, there is no illumination of the working area of ​​the lift in the evening.

3. Safety requirements during work

3.1. The driver must raise and lower the loading platform only at the signal of the workers serving the lift.

3.2. If the operator needs to leave the lift, he must lower the platform, disconnect the lift from the power source and lock the control panel.

3.3. When loading the platform with materials, it is necessary to monitor their uniform stacking and not allow the weight of the load to exceed the lifting capacity of the lift.

3.4. Before lifting the platform with materials, it is necessary to warn the workers servicing the lift that it is necessary to leave the danger area.

3.5. When lifting a platform with materials, it must first be raised to a height of 100 mm and, after making sure that the brakes are working and that the lift is stable, continue lifting to the required height.

3.6. The lifting of the platform with the load and its lowering should be carried out smoothly, without jerks.

3.7. It is necessary to monitor and prevent friction of the cargo rope on the structure and objects. The movement of the rope when raising and lowering the platform must be free. If the rope slips from the blocks and if the blocks are damaged, the lift must be stopped immediately.

3.8. In the event of a sudden drop in mains voltage or a malfunction in electrical equipment, turn off the breaker and inform an electrician about this.

3.9. While lifting and lowering the platform, the driver must ensure that window and door openings are closed.

3.10. If the load platform malfunctions, the lift operator must lower it, and if this is not possible, then measures must be taken to prevent its spontaneous fall and immediately inform the mechanic.

3.11. The lift operator is prohibited from:

3.11.1. Operate at wind speeds over 12 m/s and ambient temperatures below -25°C.

3.11.2. Lift a load whose weight is unknown or exceeds the specified lifting capacity.

3.11.3. Raise and lower materials in the evening and at night without sufficient illumination of the lift operation area.

3.11.4. Operate a lift with a faulty ground.

3.11.5. Cleaning, lubricating the mechanisms, adjusting the ropes on the electric winch drum during operation.

3.11.6. To be distracted during work from their direct duties and to engage in extraneous matters.

3.11.7. Transfer control of the lift to other persons.

3.11.8. Replace defective fuses even when the power is off.

3.11.9. Use the hoist to raise and lower people and allow them to enter the loading platform while unloading materials.

3.12. Small piece, bulk cargo and mortar should be lifted in a special inventory container. The container with the load should be installed on the platform evenly over the entire plane.

3.13. Small piece cargo is allowed to be lifted directly on the platform if it is fenced with a metal mesh on four sides.

The stowed load must be at least 100 mm below the level of the fence and sides.

Z.14. When loading bulk materials and solutions into containers, clogging and contamination of guides and rollers, as well as the platform itself, are not allowed. It is forbidden to lift loose materials and mortar without containers.

3.15. Long loads should be lifted with platform lifts equipped with special consoles (extensions).

3.16. The consoles must be securely fastened to the platform and have a guard that prevents the load from slipping and falling.

3.17. It is allowed to lift long loads in special containers installed on the lift platform. The design of the container must be made taking into account the prevention of slipping and falling of goods.

3.18. It is not allowed to lift a platform loaded with long cargo and other cargo (buckets, tubs, etc.) at the same time.

3.19. It is necessary to lift bulky materials using special devices that prevent them from slipping and falling from the platform, or using special cassettes and containers installed on the platform.

3.20. The height of the fence and sides of the platform (cassettes, containers) must be at least 2/3 of the height of the load being lifted.

3.21. When lifting on the platform, the bulky load must not rest against the platform railing.

4. Safety requirements after finishing work

4.1. Lower the load platform of the lift to its lowest position.

4.2. It is forbidden to leave the cargo platform suspended.

4.3. Turn off the main power switch of the lift and close the switch box with a padlock.

4.4. Clear the platform deck and the area around the lift from debris.

4.5. Carefully inspect the electric winch, brakes, cargo rope.

4.6. Report all noticed malfunctions and violations during the operation of the lift to the mechanic and the master (foreman).

5. Safety requirements in emergency situations

5.1. Stop work immediately.

5.2. Secure the danger zone and keep outsiders out.

5.3. Report the incident to the master (foreman).

5.4. In the event of a malfunction of the lift, take measures to lower the platform. If this is not possible, take measures to prevent its spontaneous fall.

5.5. If there are victims, provide them with first aid, if necessary, call an ambulance.

5.6. Providing first aid:

5.6.1. Providing first aid in case of electric shock:

In case of electric shock, it is necessary to immediately release the victim from the action of electric current by disconnecting the electrical installation from the power source, and if it is impossible to disconnect it, pull it away from the conductive parts by clothing or using insulating material at hand.

If the victim has no breathing and pulse, it is necessary to give him artificial respiration and indirect (external) heart massage, paying attention to the pupils. Dilated pupils indicate a sharp deterioration in the blood circulation of the brain. In this state of recovery, it is necessary to start immediately, and then call an ambulance.

5.6.2. First aid for injury:

To provide first aid in case of injury, it is necessary to open an individual package, apply a sterile dressing material, which is placed in it, to the wound and tie it with a bandage.

If somehow the individual package was not found, then a clean handkerchief, a clean linen rag, etc. must be used for dressing. On a rag that is applied directly to the wound, it is advisable to drip a few drops of tincture of iodine to get a stain larger than the wound, and then apply the rag to the wound. It is especially important to apply the tincture of iodine in this way to contaminated wounds.

5.6.3. First aid for fractures, dislocations, shocks:

In case of fractures and dislocations of the limbs, it is necessary to strengthen the damaged limb with a splint, plywood plate, stick, cardboard or other similar object. The injured arm can also be hung with a bandage or handkerchief from the neck and bandaged to the torso.

In case of a skull fracture (unconscious state after a blow to the head, bleeding from the ears or from the mouth), it is necessary to apply a cold object to the head (a heating pad with ice, snow or cold water) or make a cold lotion.

If a fracture of the spine is suspected, it is necessary to put the victim on the board, without lifting him, turn the victim on his stomach, face down, while observing that the body does not bend, in order to avoid damage to the spinal cord.

In case of a fracture of the ribs, a sign of which is pain during breathing, coughing, sneezing, movements, it is necessary to tightly bandage the chest or pull it off with a towel during exhalation.

5.6.4. First aid for thermal burns:

In case of burns with fire, steam, hot objects, in no case should you open the formed blisters and bandage the burns with a bandage.

For first-degree burns (redness), the burned area is treated with cotton wool soaked in ethyl alcohol.

For second-degree burns (blister), the burned area is treated with alcohol or a 3% manganese solution or a 5% tannin solution.

For third-degree burns (destruction of skin tissue), the wound is covered with a sterile bandage, call a doctor.

5.6.5. First aid for bleeding:

In order to stop bleeding, you must:

• raise the injured limb up;
• close the bleeding wound with a dressing (from a bag) folded into a ball, press it from above, without touching the wound itself, hold for 4-5 minutes. If the bleeding stops without removing the applied material, put another pad from another bag or a piece of cotton on top of it and bandage the wounded area (with some pressure);
• in case of severe bleeding that cannot be stopped with a bandage, compression of the blood vessels that feed the wounded area is applied by bending the limb at the joints, as well as with fingers, a tourniquet or a clamp. In case of heavy bleeding, you should immediately call a doctor.

5.7. If a fire occurs, start extinguishing with the available fire extinguishing equipment. If necessary, call the fire department.

5.8. Follow the instructions of the head of work to eliminate the emergency.

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