Instructions on labor protection during electrical heating of concrete and soil

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OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH
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Instructions on labor protection during electrical heating of concrete and soil. Full document

Occupational Safety and Health

Occupational Safety and Health / Standard instructions for labor protection

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Safe Operation

1. General requirements for labor protection

1.1. Persons at least 18 years of age who have passed a medical examination, special training, practical training and have an electrical safety group of at least III are allowed to install electrical equipment for electrical heating and connection to the supply network.

1.2. Periodic medical examinations for an electrical equipment repairman must take place once every 1 months

1.3. Soil thawing and electrical heating of concrete is carried out with horizontal and vertical electrodes and heating elements, for which the following electrical equipment is used; transformers, switchboards, mobile electrical substations, light wellpoint installations (LIU-2) and the necessary set of electrodes, electric heating elements.

1.4. Locksmiths during the period of work must use personal protective equipment (overalls, safety shoes, gloves, glasses, etc.) issued by the administration of the enterprise.

1.5. An electrical equipment repairman who violates labor protection requirements is held liable in accordance with the job descriptions established for each employee in accordance with the current legislation of the Russian Federation.

1.6. Each employee, in accordance with Article 4 d of the Fundamentals of the Legislation of the Russian Federation on Labor Protection, has the right to refuse to perform work without any unreasonable consequences for him in the event of an immediate danger to his life and health until this danger is eliminated.

2. Labor protection requirements before starting work

2.1. The electrician must check:

work clothes, put them in order, fasten the cuffs of the sleeves. Work clothes must be in good working order and tucked in so that there are no hanging ends. Pick up hair under a tight-fitting headdress;
whether the workplace and approaches to it are adequately lit. The light should not blind the eyes. Change of electric lamps to be carried out with the voltage removed;
serviceability of all parts of electrical equipment, as well as clean transformers and switchboards from dust and dirt;
all contact connections must be cleaned and checked for tightness;
hand tools and accessories necessary for work, personal protective equipment should be laid out in convenient and easily accessible places to exclude the possibility of accidental movement or falling during work;
electrical measuring instruments must be in good working order. The use of devices with broken glass, bent arrows and other damage is not allowed;
check the transformers for open circuit and insulation of the low and high side windings. In oil-cooled transformers, check the oil level. Transformer overload is not allowed;
check the availability of protective funds;
Check work area lighting.

2.2. Inspect and tidy up the workplace, remove everything that may interfere with work;

2.3. When working, use only serviceable, dry and clean tools and fixtures; the blade of the screwdriver must be retracted and flattened to such a thickness that it enters without a gap into the slot of the screw head;

wrenches must match the dimensions of the nuts and bolt heads and must not have cracks, gouges, burrs. The jaws of the keys must be strictly parallel and not rolled up. Sliding keys should not have slack (play) in moving parts;
needle nose pliers and pliers should not have chipped, broken jaws, handles. The jaws of the needle nose pliers must be sharp, and the pliers must be properly notched;
supports used in manual riveting, crimping, chasing and other work must be strong and safe.

2.4. To carry the tool, the worker should use a special bag or a lightweight portable box. Carrying tools in pockets is prohibited.

2.5. If a malfunction of equipment, tools, accessories for the workplace is detected, both before starting work and during work, inform the foreman and do not start work until the troubleshooting. Defective tools must not be used.

3. Labor protection requirements during work

3.1. Installation and connection to the supply network must be carried out in accordance with the project or technological map.

3.2. During electrical heating of concrete, all electrical wires and electrical equipment must be fenced, and the electrical equipment housings must be grounded.

3.3. Warn those working near heated areas of the danger of electric shock and instruct them carefully.

3.4. The heated areas with electric current must be under the round-the-clock supervision of qualified fitters, it is forbidden to find people in the heated areas, except for the moment of temperature measurement, which is carried out by qualified personnel using protective equipment and, if possible, with one hand.

3.5. In areas of heating with voltages up to 60 volts, it is allowed to work with a fitter's tool with dielectric handles using rubber gloves and rubber shoes.

3.6. Within the electric heating zone, it is necessary to install signal lamps that light up when voltage is applied, hang out warning posters with the inscriptions "danger", "Current on", as well as the rules for first aid in case of electric shock.

3.7. Open, non-concrete reinforcement of reinforced concrete structures associated with the electric heating section is subject to additional grounding.

3.8. Before turning on the voltage, as well as after each movement of electrical equipment to a new location, it is required to check the condition of the insulation of wires, protective equipment, fences, grounding of electrical equipment.

3.9. In wet weather and during a thaw, all types of electrical heating in the open air should be stopped.

3.10. Work related to electrical heating must be carried out in compliance with the requirements and rules for the technical operation and safety of maintenance of electrical installations of industrial enterprises.

3.11. At the end of electrical heating, cables of the KRPT brand or insulated wires PRT-500 are used.

3.12. Heated areas and structures should be surrounded by a fence 1,1 m high and at least 3 m from the perimeter line. For personnel serving the heating area, it is necessary to lay wooden ladders to the temperature measurement points.

4. Labor protection requirements in emergency situations

4.1. In case of any accident or an emergency situation that can lead to an accident and an accident, the locksmith is obliged to immediately take all measures in his power to prevent the possibility of damage (destruction) of the object and eliminate the danger to people's lives. At the same time, report the incident to the foreman or immediate supervisor of the work.

4.2. Repair of electrical equipment should be carried out only when the voltage is removed.

4.3. Each worker must be able to provide first aid. Such assistance is provided immediately, directly at the scene and in the following sequence:

First you need to eliminate the source of injury. Assistance should begin with the most significant that threatens health or life: in case of severe bleeding, apply a tourniquet, and bandage the wound with a son-in-law; if a closed fracture is suspected, apply a splint;
with open fractures, you should first bandage the wound, and then apply a splint;
in case of burns, apply a dry bandage; in case of frostbite, gently rub the affected area using soft or fluffy tissues;
in case of electric shock, it is necessary to immediately release the victim from the action of the current, namely: turn off the switch, cut the wire, pull or discard it with a dry stick, pole. Do not touch the victim while he is under the influence of current. If the victim is not breathing, then immediately start a heart massage and artificial respiration until the doctor arrives.

4.4. After providing first aid, the victim should be sent or taken to the nearest medical facility.

5. Labor protection requirements at the end of work

5.1. At the end of the electrical heating, disconnect (disconnect) the electrical equipment from the mains.

5.2. Check for residual stress before excavation.

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