Influence of electromagnetic fields and non-ionizing radiation on a person. OBZhD

BASICS OF SAFE LIFE
Free library / Directory / Basics of safe life

Influence of electromagnetic fields and non-ionizing radiation on a person. Fundamentals of safe life

Fundamentals of Safe Life Activities (OBZhD)

Electromagnetic field (EMF) radio frequency is characterized by the ability to heat materials; propagate in space and reflect from the interface between two media; interact with matter, due to which electromagnetic fields are widely used in various sectors of the national economy: industry, science, technology, medicine, everyday life.

Electromagnetic waves are partially absorbed by the tissues of a biological object, so the biological effect depends on physical parameters of EMF radio frequencies:

1) wavelength;

2) intensity and mode of radiation;

3) the duration and nature of exposure of the body;

4) on the area of the irradiated surface and the anatomical structure of the organ and tissue.

When an EMF acts on a biological object, the electromagnetic energy of the external field is converted into thermal energy, which is accompanied by an increase in body temperature or local selective heating of tissues, cell organs, especially with poor thermoregulation (the lens, the vitreous body, etc.). the thermal effect depends on the intensity of irradiation.

The effect of electromagnetic fields of radio frequencies on the central nervous system at an energy flux density (EFE) of more than 1 m W/cm² indicates its high sensitivity to electromagnetic radiation.

A change in the blood is observed, as a rule, with PES above 10 mW / cm³, at lower exposure levels, phase changes in the number of leukocytes, erythrocytes and hemoglobin are observed.

With prolonged exposure to EMF, physiological adaptation or weakening of immunological reactions occur.

Static electricity - this is a set of phenomena associated with the emergence, conservation and relaxation of a free electric charge on the surface and in the volume of dielectric and semiconductor substances, materials, products or on insulated conductors.

Studies of biological effects have shown that the nervous, cardiovascular, neurohumoral and other systems of the body are most sensitive to electrostatic fields.

Optical quantum generator is a generator of electromagnetic radiation in the optical range, based on the use of stimulated (stimulated) radiation.

The effect of lasers on the body depends on the radiation parameters, exposure localization and anatomy. The energy of laser radiation in biological objects (tissues, organs) can undergo various transformations and cause organic changes in the irradiated tissues (primary effects) and post-mortem functional changes (secondary effects). In this case, a combined thermal and mechanical effect on the irradiated structures is observed.

Biological action of UV - Rays of sunlight is manifested primarily in their positive effect on the human body. The most common consequences of lack of sunlight are beriberi, weakening of the protective immunobiological reactions of the body, exacerbation of chronic diseases, and functional disorders of the nervous system.

UV radiation from industrial sources can cause acute and chronic diseases.

Spektr electromagnetic oscillations the frequency reaches 1021 Hz. Depending on the energy of photons, it is divided into the area of non-ionizing and ionizing radiation. In hygienic practice, non-ionizing radiation also includes electric and magnetic fields.

Industrial frequency EMF (50 Hz) includes power lines, open switchgears, including switching devices, protection and automation devices, and measuring instruments. Prolonged action of such fields leads to disorders that are expressed by complaints of headache in the temporal region, lethargy, sleep disturbance, memory loss, increased irritability, apathy, pain in the heart. And for chronic exposure to such EMF, rhythm disturbance and slowing of the heart rate are characteristic, while functional disorders are observed in the central nervous system and the cardiovascular system, in the composition of the blood.

The impact of an electrostatic field on a person is associated with the flow of a weak current through it.

At the same time, electrical injuries are never observed, but it is worth paying attention to the fact that with a reflex reaction to current (sharp removal from a charged body), mechanical injury is possible when hitting adjacent structural elements, falling from a height, etc.

The most sensitive to the electrostatic field of the central nervous system (irritability, headache, sleep disturbance, etc.) are the cardiovascular system, analyzers. In addition, there are phobias caused by fear of the expected discharge, a tendency to psychosomatic disorders with increased emotional excitability and rapid exhaustion, instability of pulse and blood pressure indicators.

The degree of influence of the magnetic field on the worker and the dose received by the person depends on the maximum intensity of the magnetic field in the working space of the magnetic device or in the zone of influence of an artificial magnet, as well as on the location of the workplace in relation to this field.

With constant work in conditions of chronic exposure to magnetic fields that exceed the maximum permissible levels, dysfunctions of the nervous system, cardiovascular and respiratory systems, the digestive tract, and changes in the composition of the blood develop. With a predominantly local effect, vegetative and trophic disorders usually develop in areas of the body that are under the direct influence of magnetic fields, manifested by a sensation of itching, pallor or cyanosis of the skin, swelling and thickening of the skin, in some cases keratinization develops.

Author: Muradova E.O.

We recommend interesting articles Section Basics of safe life:

▪ Organization of the work of the commission at emergency facilities

▪ Military symbols and rituals

▪ Scheme of the GO campus

See other articles Section Basics of safe life.

Read and write useful comments on this article.

<< Back

Latest news of science and technology, new electronics:

Artificial leather for touch emulation 15.04.2024

In a modern technology world where distance is becoming increasingly commonplace, maintaining connection and a sense of closeness is important. Recent developments in artificial skin by German scientists from Saarland University represent a new era in virtual interactions. German researchers from Saarland University have developed ultra-thin films that can transmit the sensation of touch over a distance. This cutting-edge technology provides new opportunities for virtual communication, especially for those who find themselves far from their loved ones. The ultra-thin films developed by the researchers, just 50 micrometers thick, can be integrated into textiles and worn like a second skin. These films act as sensors that recognize tactile signals from mom or dad, and as actuators that transmit these movements to the baby. Parents' touch to the fabric activates sensors that react to pressure and deform the ultra-thin film. This ... >>

Petgugu Global cat litter 15.04.2024

Taking care of pets can often be a challenge, especially when it comes to keeping your home clean. A new interesting solution from the Petgugu Global startup has been presented, which will make life easier for cat owners and help them keep their home perfectly clean and tidy. Startup Petgugu Global has unveiled a unique cat toilet that can automatically flush feces, keeping your home clean and fresh. This innovative device is equipped with various smart sensors that monitor your pet's toilet activity and activate to automatically clean after use. The device connects to the sewer system and ensures efficient waste removal without the need for intervention from the owner. Additionally, the toilet has a large flushable storage capacity, making it ideal for multi-cat households. The Petgugu cat litter bowl is designed for use with water-soluble litters and offers a range of additional ... >>

The attractiveness of caring men 14.04.2024

The stereotype that women prefer "bad boys" has long been widespread. However, recent research conducted by British scientists from Monash University offers a new perspective on this issue. They looked at how women responded to men's emotional responsibility and willingness to help others. The study's findings could change our understanding of what makes men attractive to women. A study conducted by scientists from Monash University leads to new findings about men's attractiveness to women. In the experiment, women were shown photographs of men with brief stories about their behavior in various situations, including their reaction to an encounter with a homeless person. Some of the men ignored the homeless man, while others helped him, such as buying him food. A study found that men who showed empathy and kindness were more attractive to women compared to men who showed empathy and kindness. ... >>

Random news from the Archive

Lack of sleep leads to overeating 24.01.2012

New data from Swedish researchers at the University of Uppsala indicates that sleep deprivation triggers mechanisms in the brain that lead to overeating. The results of an earlier study showed that in the morning after a completely sleepless night, the body of young men with normal body weight significantly reduced energy intake. Moreover, they had an increased feeling of hunger, which testified to the ability of an acute lack of sleep to influence a person's perception of food.

In their new work, the researchers conducted a systematic analysis, the purpose of which was to identify areas of the brain involved in the formation of the sensation of hunger, which are affected by lack of sleep. Using the method of functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), they analyzed the brain activity of 12 men with normal body weight, while they considered meals of different calorie content.

Comparison of the results obtained after a sleepless night with the results obtained in the study of sleepy men showed that in the first case, the participants showed increased activity in the right anterior cingulate cortex of the brain. The severity of the observed pattern did not depend on the calorie content of the dish in question, or on the results of a preliminary assessment of the experienced feeling of hunger, or on the concentration of glucose in the blood measured on an empty stomach. However, the results of the assessment of the strength of the feeling of hunger, carried out after the end of the brain scan, were proportional to the level of activation of the indicated area of the cerebral cortex.

The results obtained suggest that a sleepless night is a strong stimulus to food absorption, independent of the actual feeling of hunger and blood glucose levels. It is possible that this mechanism makes a significant contribution to the growing problem of obesity among the populations of Western Europe and the United States.

Other interesting news:

▪ Large-scale testing of the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen paradox

▪ Digitized borders

▪ Efficient installation for energy storage in compressed air

▪ TCL C11G Pro Smart TVs

▪ Where there are more computers and the Internet

News feed of science and technology, new electronics

Interesting materials of the Free Technical Library:

▪ section of the site Big encyclopedia for children and adults. Selection of articles

▪ article There is something to despair from. Popular expression

▪ article How Dalmatians (a breed of dog) helped firefighters in the days of horse traction? Detailed answer

▪ article The functional composition of Kitt TVs. Directory

▪ article Bicycle power plant. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

▪ article Timer on the microcontroller. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

Leave your comment on this article:

All languages of this page

Home page | Library | Articles | Website map | Site Reviews