Ecological crisis, its demographic and social consequences. OBZhD

BASICS OF SAFE LIFE
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Ecological crisis, its demographic and social consequences. Basics of safe life

Fundamentals of Safe Life Activities (OBZhD)

Ecological crisis (environmental emergency) - environmental trouble, characterized by sustainable negative changes in the environment and posing a threat to human health. This is a tense state of relations between humanity and nature, due to the discrepancy between the size of human production and economic activity and the resource and environmental capabilities of the biosphere. The ecological crisis is characterized not so much by the increased impact of man on nature as by a sharp increase in the influence of nature changed by people on social development.

Ecological crisis (according to I. I. Dedy) - a situation that occurs in ecological systems (biogeocenoses) as a result of imbalance under the influence of natural disasters or as a result of anthropogenic factors (human pollution of the atmosphere, hydrosphere, pedosphere - soil cover, destruction of natural ecosystems, natural complexes, forest fires, regulation of rivers, deforestation, etc.). In a broader sense, the ecological crisis is a critical phase in the development of the biosphere, during which a qualitative renewal of living matter takes place (the extinction of some species and the emergence of others). The modern ecological crisis is a "crisis of decomposers" (according to many scientists), since natural decomposers no longer have time to purify the biosphere from anthropogenic waste or are potentially unable to do this due to the alien nature of the emitted synthetic substances - xenobiotics, the biosphere has lost the ability to self-repair.

The first ecological crisis of an anthropogenic nature caused a great migration of peoples. The transition to agriculture and cattle breeding was accompanied by the disintegration of the primitive communal system and the emergence of a slave system, which was accompanied by the desertification of fertile lands in the Sahara, Central Asia and other places, the depletion of land resources and the transition to the feudal system.

The modern ecological crisis is also of an anthropogenic nature and has a global scale, and changes in the natural environment have returned like a boomerang to their root cause. - to a person. They began to have a negative impact on the most diverse aspects of public life, causing all sorts of social conflicts. This is, firstly, a decrease in the birth rate in economically developed countries, and secondly, increased migration from ecologically disadvantaged areas both within countries and from states, in particular from Asia and Africa to Western Europe and America. The ecological crisis has also been the reason for the organization of the "green" movement. - Greenpeace (Green World) and even the Green Party.

The negative social consequences of the ecological crisis include:

Growing food insecurity in the world:
an increase in the incidence of the population in cities;
the emergence of new diseases;
environmental aggression - export of toxic technological processes and waste to other countries, etc.

Author: Muradova E.O.

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