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MODELING
Hydrocart Mustang. Tips for a modeler
Directory / Radio control equipment They called it a hydrocart, although it looks more like a kind of water bike. This sports microvessel was built at the Donetsk regional station of young technicians in the circle "Small shipbuilding". As the director of the station N. V. Vasilyev informed the editorial office, the circle is celebrating its fifteenth anniversary this year. Initially, in the classroom, young technicians studied the structure and purpose of various sports and pleasure boats, developed new designs, mainly motor boats. The work aroused great interest among the children, but it was felt that something was still missing. It soon became clear that the young "shipbuilders" wanted not only to create motorized vessels, but also to test them themselves and, moreover, to compete: whose car turned out to be faster, and therefore technically more perfect. For these purposes, an easy-to-build, original in design and safe on the move micro-vessel was required, capable of satisfying the boys' thirst for racing on the water. I wanted to find an option closest to the capabilities and age of young shipbuilders. Hydrokart became such a design. Its first samples were created ten years ago. They immediately showed that the direction of the search was chosen successfully. The microvessel unexpectedly combined the attractive qualities of a motorcycle, scooter and water ski: the racer mounted and steered like a motorcyclist, while the body of the microvessel resembled a scooter, and almost stood on its edge on bends, like a water ski. From sample to sample, the overall layout was improved, the remote control system for the outboard motor, the shape of the bottom, on which the driving performance of the microvessel largely depended. In 1973, the first competitions were held, in which 10 teams from four cities of the Donetsk region took part. Thus, a new type of water-motor sport appeared in the region - hydrokarting. Its origin was supported by our magazine, by publishing a description and drawings of the hydrocart, circuits for competitions and approximate rules developed in the Donetsk region. These materials caused a great response: the station received many letters from teams and individual enthusiasts of technical creativity. "Hydrokarting as a sport, - N.V. Vasiliev writes, - in our region has become quite firmly established in the life of many teams of children's technical creativity. Last year we held the eighth regional competition among schoolchildren." Today, on the basis of city and regional stations of young technicians, there are 16 circles of young hydrokarting. And this means that the technical search for the best design of an unusual sports microvessel continues. More than 10 types of hydromap were developed during the period from 1972 to 1980. Offering one of them to our readers, we hope that the publication will serve to further popularize hydrokarting - an interesting field of technical creativity and exciting water competitions, as well as an initial training class for navigators and sailors of a small fleet.
"Mustang" is a sports motorboat with "deep" V" hull contours and a flat section of the bottom. The project was based on the principle of hydro-skiing, used in the design of the well-known boat "Sea Sled" by W. Fox. Such a vessel easily climbs a wave and at the same time time does not jump out of the water even at very high speeds, since a long and narrow ski is insensitive to changes in the angle of attack, relatively softly perceives loads, and the force of hitting a wave is relatively small. Hydrokart "Mustang" develops speed up to 50 km/h. It is easy to operate, has small dimensions and weight (about 40 kg); can be used not only for sports, but also for an exciting vacation on the water. Manufacturing of the case You need to start building a hydromap from the frames. Their dimensions from the table of plasma ordinates are transferred to graph paper; each of the frames is drawn in full size. Then the drawing is transferred to cardboard or thick paper - we get templates. According to these templates, three hydrocart frames are marked. The first is cut out of plywood 4 mm thick, its strapping is made of 20x30 mm rails, attached with screws and epoxy. The second and third frames are solid, made of pine boards 15 and 20 mm thick, respectively. On the finished frames, we mark and cut grooves for the subsequent installation of stringers and keel. They go every 150 mm from the diametral plane. All longitudinal stiffening ribs and board plating are made of straight-grained pine. Deck stringers 6 pieces with a section of 15x15 mm. The same dimensions are for the bottom stringers, which must pass under the longitudinal steps laid on the finished hull. A 15x50 mm pine plank is used for side sheathing, and a 20x40 mm section for the keel. The transom board does not have to be solid. It can be assembled from pine blocks with a section of 30x40 mm and sheathed on both sides with plywood 4 mm thick, with screws and epoxy resin. The dimensions of the trim plate are 38x290x380 mm. To assemble the frame of the case, you will need a slipway, which is made of boards with a section of 30x200 mm. It is a rectangular frame 400x2000 mm in size, which is better to install on a table or goats - for ease of use. With the help of a level on the slipway, the deck line is beaten off: it should be no higher than 150 mm from its lower edge. A spacing is marked along this line and grooves are cut for the frames. Further, the DP line is also marked here and a steel string is pulled: the risks of the DP of all frames are oriented along it (keeping in mind that the hydrocart is going up with a keel). The first frame is attached to the end of the slipway. The second one is also strictly perpendicular to the deck line, and the transom is at an angle of 10 ° to it. Stiffening ribs are attached to the frames with screws and epoxy resin: bottom stringers, keel, side skins. A day later, the set is removed from the slipway, and the further assembly of the hydrocart is carried out downward with a keel on a flat table in a certain sequence. First, deck stringers are installed on screws and epoxy resin; their length is limited by the first frame. To give the desired curvature of the bow of the hydrocard, a pattern is made from plywood 4 mm thick. Two strips of 20X20 mm are attached to its upper edge on nails and resin; they will serve to fasten the plywood sheathing. In order to bend the patterns along the farm, cuts are made in them by a third of the thickness. From the side facing the first frame, the slats are slightly released in such a way that they can be fixed on the frame, for which a groove is marked and cut out on it in the region of the DP; the lower edge of the pattern cuts into the keel and is fastened with resin screws. The free ends of the bottom stringers and the side plating are fixed with a pine bar 20X50X400 mm. He, in turn, cuts symmetrically into the pattern and is attached with resin screws to the keel and planks of the pattern. The edge of the bar, having a width of 50 mm, should be at the level of the deck. The trim plate is attached with four M8 bolts and epoxy resin. To increase the rigidity of the transom, it is necessary to make a knitsa - a triangle from a pine bar 40 mm thick with sides: AB = 300 mm, BC = 200 mm, AC = 400 mm. It is sheathed on both sides with plywood 4 mm thick on screws and resin. With the BC side, the knica is attached to the keel with a bolt and resin, and with the AB side, to the plate. Having finished preparing the skeleton of the hull, you can proceed to its sheathing. For this, plywood 4 mm thick is used. You need to start from the bottom. Each sheathing sheet along the perimeter is laid with a strip of fiberglass on resin - to create tightness, the sheet is fastened with screws, nails, bent, also on resin. The bottom is sheathed in the following order. First - sloping sections, then - flat; the sheet for it should be 80 mm wider than the site itself. If the required dimensions of plywood are not available, separate sheets are connected on resin with "mustache" edges and riveted with copper studs. Before proceeding with the lining of the deck and the bow of the hydrocart, it is necessary to glue all the joints with resin from the inside, and then also with strips of fiberglass. After drying, cover the entire inner surface with a waterproof varnish. For ease of carrying, attach three handles with M6 bolts: two to the transom, one to the planks of the pattern. The deck plating is made with 4 mm thick plywood using the same technology as the bottom. The inner plane of each sheet is pre-coated with waterproof varnish, excluding the space for the set. A groove is cut out for the knee, which, after fixing the plywood, is pasted over with fiberglass. Sheathing of the bow - from two sheets of plywood 4 mm thick. Each of these parts is fastened with edges to the planks of the pattern, to the first frame, to the sidewall and to the bar embedded in the pattern. The technology is the same as that of the bottom and deck.
When the whole body is ready, you can take on the manufacture of the seat box. Sidewalls are made from 4 mm thick plywood, and a frame 20x40 mm in size is made from pine bars 150x290 mm, which is attached to the first frame with resin screws. Grooves are cut out in the frame and in the transom plate so that two 20X20 mm planks can be placed in them, the upper edge of which would be at a height of 150 mm from the deck. The distance between the outer edges of these strips must correspond to the width of the trim plate. Exactly under these planks, the same ones are attached to the deck - it turns out a seat box, to which the plywood sidewalls are screwed on screws. In the place where the height of the box changes from 150 mm to 230 mm, a jumper made of pine bar is installed. Another jumper - made of plywood 10x200x290 mm - will serve both for stiffening and as a support for the steering shaft. Upon completion of all assembly work, the body must be cleaned with sandpaper and glued over the seams with strips of fiberglass on epoxy resin. Then fiberglass or gauze on resin is pasted over the entire bottom, deck, bow and box-seat. The panels are superimposed neatly and carefully rolled up so as not to leave bubbles; the edges overlap each other by 20-30 mm. After drying, the entire glued surface is cleaned with an emery stone. It remains to make the seat cushion, and install redans on the bottom. A frame is being prepared for the pillow, the dimensions of which are dictated by the inner perimeter of the seat box. A 10 mm thick plywood platform is attached to the frame with resin screws: together they form a lid for the box. From above, it is fitted with artificial leather on a foam pad - a soft seat cushion is obtained. Redans are cut from a 10X40 mm bar and have a triangle in cross section, the wide edge of which should be parallel to the bottom. The first redan is installed under the protruding edge of the skin of the flat section of the bottom; the second - to the stringer, the third - to the side skin. All of them are installed with laying a strip of fiberglass, on screws with resin. Remote control The manufacture of the hydromap ends with the installation of a remote control for the outboard motor. It includes a motorcycle handlebar, handlebar drum, steering and throttle cables, throttle stick, swivel and two rollers. A shaft of arbitrary length from a steel pipe Ø 20 mm is welded to the motorcycle steering wheel. A drum made of duralumin or textolite Ø 200 mm is attached to it, and a height based on 2-3 turns of a cable, the diameter of which is 3-4 mm. A bronze stop is installed at the end of the shaft, and the hole in the seat lintel is reinforced with a bronze ring, which also plays a decorative role. The swivel fixture is a collar to which two wings are welded - all made of a steel strip 40 mm wide and 4 mm thick. The total length of the wings must not exceed the diameter of the drum. The clamp is attached to the engine body with an M10 bolt at a height that would prevent the steering cable from being skewed, attached to the wings through turnbuckles and passing through 40 mm rollers installed in L-shaped brackets along the edges of the trim plate. To fix the gas cable on the engine, a U-shaped bracket made of 3 mm thick steel strip must be installed. A slot is made in the engine hood to exit the cable. To ensure self-resetting of gas, a spring is installed on the throttle lever. In addition, the hydrocart must be equipped with an emergency stop switch that ensures that the engine is stopped if the driver is not kept in the seat. color The most recent work - finishing. They are performed in the following order. Acetone or baking soda degreases the body and parts to be painted. Epoxy resin or primer PF-00-2 putty bumps, cracks, scuffs. After drying and stripping - general putty with the same materials. Again drying and cleaning, after which the general primer with zinc white, another drying and local priming. The prepared surface is painted with decorative enamels: pentaphthalic No. 570, PF-115, glyptal. Then drying, polishing and final coating with waterproof (pentaphthalic, glyptal) varnishes, after which final drying and polishing. Author: I.Tsygankov
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