What Frenchman donated all his savings to the defense of Odessa from Napoleon's troops? Detailed answer

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What Frenchman donated all his savings to the defense of Odessa from Napoleon's troops? Detailed answer

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What Frenchman donated all his savings to the defense of Odessa from Napoleon's troops?

In 1803, the Frenchman Armand Emmanuel du Plessis, Duke de Richelieu, who had previously been in military service in Russia, was appointed mayor of Odessa. After 9 years, he called on all residents of the city and the Novorossiysk Territory to "show themselves true Russians" in the fight against the French invasion and donated all his personal savings for defense purposes. And after the overthrow of Napoleon and the restoration of the monarchy, the duke, at the insistence of the Russian Emperor Alexander I, became the prime minister of the government of France.

Authors: Jimmy Wales, Larry Sanger

Random interesting fact from the Great Encyclopedia:

What is intoxication?

There is always some amount of alcohol in our body. When starch and sugar break down, alcohol is formed, and therefore some of it enters the bloodstream after each meal. There is always about a gram of alcohol in our body. But when we drink alcohol, this amount increases.

Alcohol is practically a drug, only weak. A drug is a substance that penetrates the nerve cells and has a paralyzing effect on them. But before it paralyzes the nerve cells, it stimulates and excites them.

The first thing that happens when a person drinks alcohol is the stimulation of the mucous membranes of the mouth and throat. As a result, saliva and gastric juices are secreted. Therefore, people sometimes drink small amounts of alcoholic beverages to stimulate their appetite before dinner.

Alcohol also affects the muscles in the body. It increases the content of substances that can be converted into working energy. Therefore, apparently, alcohol allows you to perform better physical work. But this is followed by a breakdown, so the overall effect is not very good. It may also seem that alcohol stimulates the brain.

A person under the influence of alcohol begins to speak and move more animatedly. The skin turns red, blood pressure rises, pulse and breathing quicken. But in reality, alcohol has a debilitating effect on the brain. It affects all the most important brain functions, such as thinking, observation, attention. A person loses control over himself, and his control over the environment weakens.

How much alcohol you need to take to reach this state depends on many factors. But the state we call intoxication can be dangerous for a person who performs responsible actions, such as driving a car or doing some kind of work.

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