What pilgrim to Mecca undermined the economy of the entire Middle East for 10 years? Detailed answer

BIG ENCYCLOPEDIA FOR CHILDREN AND ADULTS
Free library / Directory / Big encyclopedia for children and adults

What pilgrim to Mecca undermined the economy of the entire Middle East for 10 years? Detailed answer

Big encyclopedia for children and adults

Directory / Big encyclopedia. Questions for quiz and self-education

Did you know?

What pilgrim to Mecca undermined the economy of the entire Middle East for 10 years?

Mansa Musa, the supreme ruler of the African empire of Mali, made a pilgrimage to Mecca in 1324. At that time, his state was at the peak of development, and therefore the procession was impressive: Musa was accompanied by up to 60 people, as well as herds of camels and other animals. Together they carried several tons of gold, which the ruler generously distributed to the poor all the way to Mecca and exchanged for souvenirs. There is also evidence that every Friday, wherever the procession stopped, a mosque was built by order of Musa. This bounty, however, crippled the economy of the entire North Africa and Middle East region for a decade, as large influxes of gold depreciated it greatly, causing commodity prices to soar.

Authors: Jimmy Wales, Larry Sanger

Random interesting fact from the Great Encyclopedia:

In what liquid can a coin float and a cork sink?

Such liquids are called ferromagnetic, or ferrofluids. They are a colloidal system based on a liquid (for example, water, kerosene or oil), in which the smallest particles of a solid ferromagnet (for example, iron or nickel) are “dissolved”.

The resulting dispersion medium "behaves" like a liquid with magnetic properties. By applying a vertically directed constant magnetic field to it, it is possible to change the magnitude of the buoyant (Archimedean) force acting on a body immersed in a ferrofluid.

If the vector of the magnetic field strength is directed downwards, then the magnetic force generated in this fluid will add up to the gravitational force (gravity) and the ferrofluid will behave as if its density has increased. As soon as the magnetic field strength reaches a sufficiently high value, the copper coin lying at the bottom of the vessel will float, as if it were in a liquid whose density is higher than that of copper.

If the magnetic field strength vector is directed upwards, then the magnetic force generated in the fluid will reduce the effect of gravity, and the ferrofluid will behave as if its density has decreased. When the magnetic field strength reaches a certain value, at which the magnetic force in the liquid almost becomes equal to the force of gravity (the ferrofluid becomes almost "weightless"), the cork floating on the surface will sink.

Test your knowledge! Did you know...

▪ How was the glass opened?

▪ Which animal is the longest?

▪ Which musician, after jumping off the stage, was not picked up by the crowd and then robbed?

See other articles Section Big encyclopedia. Questions for quiz and self-education.

Read and write useful comments on this article.

<< Back

Latest news of science and technology, new electronics:

Machine for thinning flowers in gardens 02.05.2024

In modern agriculture, technological progress is developing aimed at increasing the efficiency of plant care processes. The innovative Florix flower thinning machine was presented in Italy, designed to optimize the harvesting stage. This tool is equipped with mobile arms, allowing it to be easily adapted to the needs of the garden. The operator can adjust the speed of the thin wires by controlling them from the tractor cab using a joystick. This approach significantly increases the efficiency of the flower thinning process, providing the possibility of individual adjustment to the specific conditions of the garden, as well as the variety and type of fruit grown in it. After testing the Florix machine for two years on various types of fruit, the results were very encouraging. Farmers such as Filiberto Montanari, who has used a Florix machine for several years, have reported a significant reduction in the time and labor required to thin flowers. ... >>

Advanced Infrared Microscope 02.05.2024

Microscopes play an important role in scientific research, allowing scientists to delve into structures and processes invisible to the eye. However, various microscopy methods have their limitations, and among them was the limitation of resolution when using the infrared range. But the latest achievements of Japanese researchers from the University of Tokyo open up new prospects for studying the microworld. Scientists from the University of Tokyo have unveiled a new microscope that will revolutionize the capabilities of infrared microscopy. This advanced instrument allows you to see the internal structures of living bacteria with amazing clarity on the nanometer scale. Typically, mid-infrared microscopes are limited by low resolution, but the latest development from Japanese researchers overcomes these limitations. According to scientists, the developed microscope allows creating images with a resolution of up to 120 nanometers, which is 30 times higher than the resolution of traditional microscopes. ... >>

Air trap for insects 01.05.2024

Agriculture is one of the key sectors of the economy, and pest control is an integral part of this process. A team of scientists from the Indian Council of Agricultural Research-Central Potato Research Institute (ICAR-CPRI), Shimla, has come up with an innovative solution to this problem - a wind-powered insect air trap. This device addresses the shortcomings of traditional pest control methods by providing real-time insect population data. The trap is powered entirely by wind energy, making it an environmentally friendly solution that requires no power. Its unique design allows monitoring of both harmful and beneficial insects, providing a complete overview of the population in any agricultural area. “By assessing target pests at the right time, we can take necessary measures to control both pests and diseases,” says Kapil ... >>

Random news from the Archive

Ice cream that doesn't melt in the sun 26.02.2023

Everyone has faced the problem when ice cream in the hot sun turns into a white mess very quickly. To avoid this, Ben & Jerry's and Magnum treats are undergoing a new revolution. And while the British consumer giant hasn't revealed exactly how the new ice cream will be made, experts believe the answer likely lies in either using more starch or removing some of the sugar.

The goal is for the cold treat to stay firm longer in warm conditions, part of a move to save energy and reduce carbon footprint.

However, the difficulty of the latter lies in the fact that minor changes in the ice cream formula can affect the delicate balance between texture and taste.

The reason ice cream stays soft and easy to savor is because sugar lowers the freezing point of the water it's in, explained an expert from the University of Guelph in Canada.

According to the scientists, the amount of ice at any temperature (hence the hardness) depends on how much sugar and lactose from milk powder are dissolved in water. And since sugar does not dissolve in ice, the less water, the more sugar dissolved in it, which means that it remains in this state until the temperature drops a little more.

It follows from this: if your goal is to make ice cream firmer, you simply use less sugar. Of course, now you have to balance the taste.

However, the researchers name another way to preserve the consistency. The key to stopping ice cream from melting at high temperatures will be "water retention". This can be done with modified starch, which can wrap water and fat around and give them stability.

The benefit of this approach, rather than trying to take the sugar away, he says, is that the starch won't necessarily change the flavor of the ice cream, since most starches are soluble and won't detract from the flavor.

Other interesting news:

▪ The laser cools the molecules

▪ House view from above

▪ Hydrogen fuel from sea water

▪ A paper battery is activated by a couple of drops of water.

▪ Supersonic aircraft without a windshield

News feed of science and technology, new electronics

Interesting materials of the Free Technical Library:

▪ section of the site Signal limiters, compressors. Article selection

▪ article Language is the soul of the people. Popular expression

▪ Article How can I determine the blood type? Detailed answer

▪ article The functional composition of Kansai TVs. Directory

▪ article Transceiver power supply from an AT/ATX computer power supply. Part 2. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

▪ Article Heat treatment of steel. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

Leave your comment on this article:

All languages of this page

Home page | Library | Articles | Website map | Site Reviews