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How did the New York subway solve the problem of light bulb theft? Detailed answer

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How did the New York subway solve the problem of light bulb theft?

The New York subway uses lamps with a non-standard base: the thread on it is made counterclockwise instead of the usual clockwise version. It was designed so that the lamps would not be stolen, because they cannot be used with standard connectors.

Authors: Jimmy Wales, Larry Sanger

 Random interesting fact from the Great Encyclopedia:

Why are rhinoceros horns sawed off under anesthesia in the countries where rhinos live?

The horn of a rhinoceros cannot be called a horn in the strict sense of the word: unlike, for example, a bull's horn, it does not contain bone tissue, but consists of glued bristle-like hair. Due to the fact that these horns are highly valued in oriental medicine, rhinos are currently under the threat of extinction. To protect against poachers, the authorities of some countries where rhino populations live, catch animals and saw off the horn under anesthesia.

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Synthetic wood is not afraid of fire 20.08.2018

A group of Chinese materials scientists have obtained a material that looks like wood at the level of microscopic structure, comparable to it in strength, but much more resistant to high temperatures and acids.

Wood is an excellent material: beautiful, light, strong, resilient and easy to work with, but not too durable and flammable. Today, there are a number of synthetic and semi-synthetic materials based on wood or imitating its composition and/or structure - mainly the structure of the cell wall and a higher level of organization of cells into long fibers. The walls of the cells that make up the tree trunk are reinforced with biopolymers - lignin and hemicelluloses, which give the tree its remarkable mechanical properties.

A number of wood-based synthetic materials are obtained by introducing synthetic polymers into the cellulose framework. Such materials tend to be strong and easy to process; they are also valued for their ability to decompose in the soil without harming the environment. However, such materials, like natural wood, are afraid of fire, water and aggressive environments.

There are also materials that imitate the structure of wood, but completely consisting of synthetic components - mainly heat-resistant ceramics; however, the ways to give these materials a wood structure (3D printing or cold casting, freeze casting) are difficult to scale and quite expensive. Therefore, although ceramics with a "woody" structure perform very well in tests, the mass production of such materials is still a matter of the future.

The new composite material is a synthetic polymer resole with a structure similar in many respects to that of lignin; at room temperature, resole crystallizes on a polymer matrix, binds to a number of other synthetic components and forms a structure similar to the microstructure of wood; By changing the set of auxiliary components, you can change the color and other properties of the finished material.

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