When did mammoths become extinct? Detailed answer

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When did mammoths become extinct? Detailed answer

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When did the mammoths die out?

According to available data, the last herd of mammoths grazed on Wrangel Island from about 7 to 3,5 thousand years ago. For comparison: the pyramid of Djoser was built around 2800-2250. BC e.

Author: Mendeleev V.A.

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Can animals communicate?

The main means of communication that a person possesses is the word. No animal can communicate with words, but many animals are able to communicate with each other. Many animals make contact by making certain sounds. When a horse neighs or thumps the ground, for example, it means something to the other horse. The hen gives a warning signal to the chicks when they are in danger. A dog communicates in a variety of ways: barks, growls, grunts, whines, bares its teeth, or scratches. Other dogs perceive these sounds and movements.

Bees have an amazing ability to communicate. Returning to the hive, they perform a dance that tells the other bees what flowers they have found, where they are, which direction to fly in, and so on. Birds are known to sing. They communicate in this way. There are "dialects" in bird songs. The songs of the same birds in Switzerland, for example, differ from those of the same birds in England. There are even differences between songs in the same country but different parts of it.

Many people believe that their pets, dogs, understand human language. In fact, dogs distinguish certain tones of the human voice, not individual words. Interestingly, pets, cats and dogs, have learned to communicate with their owners. They beg for food or meow until the door is opened for them. But wild animals do not express their desires, for example, they do not beg food from each other. But even when animals come into contact with each other, they express only feelings and aspirations, and no real "talk" occurs.

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Genetics and history 21.10.2012

Historians have long argued about the damage caused by the conquistadors to the native population of America. According to some, after the invasion of Europeans, up to 90% of the Indians died out due to murders, enslavement and the importation of diseases not characteristic of the New World. According to others, the damage to the population was small and was soon compensated by natural fertility.

Recently, geneticists from the US and Brazil analyzed the mitochondrial DNA of 137 modern Indians and 63 samples 700-3000 years old, mostly from mummies. The results show that about 500 years ago, that is, after the discovery of America, the population of the mainland fell by almost half. However, more samples of ancient DNA are required to clarify the data.

An engraving by French artist Jacques Lemoine de Morgue depicts the funeral of Indians who died from smallpox, which did not exist in America before the arrival of the aliens. A member of the expedition to the New World in 1564 left many drawings from the life of the Florida Indians.

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