What animal was first domesticated by man? Detailed answer

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What animal was first domesticated by man? Detailed answer

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What animal was first domesticated by man?

a) a sheep.
b) a pig.
c) reindeer.
d) a horse.
d) a dog.

About 14 years ago, Neanderthal hunter-gatherers who lived on today's border between Russia and Mongolia learned how to lure reindeer out of large migratory groups and breed them separately, creating their own small herds.

The reindeer became for primitive people something like a walking shop, giving them meat, milk and skins for clothes. It is possible that during the same period, Neanderthals began to train dogs to help them domesticate deer.

Today, there are about three million domestic reindeer in the world, most of which live in the expanses of Lapland, stretching through Sweden, Norway, Finland and Russia.

Reindeer-herding Lapps prefer to call themselves "Saami". Perhaps they are simply unaware that "Sami" is translated from Old Swedish as "chavs".

In North America, deer are called "caribou". The word comes from xalibu, which means "one who digs" in the language of the indigenous inhabitants of Eastern Canada - the Mi'kmaq. The reindeer/caribou use their powerful hooves to shovel the snow and get to the lichen. Lichen (aka reindeer moss) makes up two-thirds of the diet of reindeer.

Reindeer are nomadic animals: every year they travel up to 4800 km - a world record among mammals. In addition, they are very fast: on land, a reindeer can run at a speed of 77 km / h, on water - 9,6 km / h. Because of the clicking tendons of the legs, the movement of a herd of migrating deer resembles a congress of castanets.

Below is an approximate table of the dates of domestication of the main animals.

reindeer 12 BC e.

Dogs (Eurasia, North America) 12 BC e.

Sheep (SW Asia) 8000 BC e.

Pigs (SW Asia, China) 8000 BC e.

Cattle (SW Asia, India, North Africa) 8000 BC e.

Domestication and domestication are not the same thing. The first involves selective breeding. Elephants can be tamed, but they are by no means domesticated.

Author: John Lloyd, John Mitchinson

Random interesting fact from the Great Encyclopedia:

Which animal survived on three ships that sank in World War II?

During World War II, German sailors carried a cat aboard the battleship Bismarck. The battleship was scuttled by the British squadron 9 days after going to sea, only 115 of the 2200 crew members were saved. The cat was picked up by English sailors and taken on board the destroyer "Cossack", which after 5 months was torpedoed by a German submarine and sank. Subsequently, the cat, nicknamed Unsinkable Sam, was transferred to the aircraft carrier Ark Royal, which also sank. Only after that they decided to leave Sam on the shore, and he himself lived until 1955.

Test your knowledge! Did you know...

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