What is the main ingredient in air? Detailed answer

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What is the main ingredient in air? Detailed answer

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Directory / Big encyclopedia. Questions for quiz and self-education

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Did you know?

What is the main ingredient in air?

a) Oxygen.
b) carbon dioxide.
c) Hydrogen.
d) nitrogen.

Nitrogen. As any twelve-year-old schoolboy knows, the proportion of nitrogen in the air is 78%.

Less than 21% of air is oxygen. And only three hundredths of a percent is carbon dioxide.

The high percentage of nitrogen in the air is the result of volcanic eruptions that occurred during the formation of the Earth. Huge amounts of this gas were released into the atmosphere. Being heavier than hydrogen or helium, nitrogen settled closer to the earth's surface.

A person weighing 76 kg contains 1 kg of nitrogen.

Nitre (In English nitrogen - nitrogen.) - the ancient name of saltpeter, or potassium nitrate. A key ingredient in gunpowder, saltpeter is also used to preserve meat, as a preservative in ice cream, and as an anesthetic in toothpaste for sensitive teeth.

For several centuries, organic mulch (humus) that seeped into the earthen floor of living quarters was considered the richest source of saltpeter. In 1601, the question of the unprincipled actions of the so-called "saltpeters" was raised in the English Parliament. They broke into houses - and even into churches - dug up the floors and sold the earth thus obtained for gunpowder.

The word nitrogen in Greek means "forming soda".

Beer cans with pressure-sensitive "bells and whistles" contain nitrogen, not carbon dioxide. Thanks to small nitrogen bubbles, the beer foam becomes smoother, thicker and juicier.

In addition to those already listed, the only significant gas in air is argon (1%).

It was discovered by the English physicist William John Strett, Lord Rayleigh; he was the first to guess why are the skies blue.

Author: John Lloyd, John Mitchinson

Random interesting fact from the Great Encyclopedia:

How did people discover the laws of heredity?

Every living being on our planet, be it an animal or a plant, produces offspring only of the same species to which it belongs. This happens precisely because of the operation of the laws of heredity. The foregoing does not mean at all that the offspring of two parents must necessarily resemble them in appearance, physical or mental development. These differences also follow from the laws of heredity. Each creature differs from others in an individual set of traits - signs of hereditary and acquired.

Hereditary traits are those that are formed in a given individual at the very moment when her life is born, and their source is within herself. The science of genetics deals with the study of all issues related to heredity. It began thanks to the work of the Austrian monk and scientist Gregor Mendel, who lived in the middle of the XNUMXth century.

In his garden, Mendel experimented on heredity in sweet peas. He found that a number of different factors affect in some way which offspring grow from seeds obtained from mature plants. At the time, however, Mendel could not establish the true nature of these factors. This was done by his followers, who called them genes.

Recognition of the truth of Mendel's teaching did not happen immediately. It was not until 1900, sixteen years after his death, that other scientists realized the importance of his discoveries. The rules formulated on the basis of these discoveries are called Mendel's laws.

Test your knowledge! Did you know...

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