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BIG ENCYCLOPEDIA FOR CHILDREN AND ADULTS
How do fish sniff? Detailed answer
Directory / Big encyclopedia. Questions for quiz and self-education Did you know? How do fish sniff? It will probably surprise many that fish can sniff things. But like all other organisms, fish sniff with their noses. Fish have two pairs of nostrils. Each nostril has two openings. One in front, the other just behind him. The location of the nostrils on the head can be completely different, depending on the type of fish. The flow of water passes through all the holes. It flows into the front and out through the back. At the same time, water irritates sensitive cells that tell the fish about the smell. Many fish have a keen sense of smell. They can detect even a faint trace of a substance. Indeed, the sense of touch can be very important for fish when they find their way home. You know that sturgeons return to their original spawning habitats. How do they do it? Scientists believe that they show their children the way by smell. The researchers trained the sturgeon to distinguish between 14 different types of odors. Some fish can tell the difference between water from two bodies of water. But if their noses are plugged, they cannot do it. For other experiments, a large group of sturgeon was taken from their native waters. One half got their noses plugged, the other half didn't. Those whose noses didn't work got lost. The second found their way to their pond. Author: Likum A.
Where was Marco Polo from? From Croatia. Marco Polo (or, translated from English, "Mark the Chicken") - born Marco Pilim. He was born in 1254 on the island of Corsula, in Dalmatia (at that time a protectorate of Venice). It seems that we will never know the truth: indeed, at the age of seventeen, the young man accompanied his merchant uncles on a trip to the Far East, or simply wrote down the stories of traders from the Great Silk Road who stopped to rest at their Black Sea trading post. One thing is certain: Marco's famous travel memoir was largely the work of Rustichello da Pisa, the romance writer with whom Polo shared a prison cell after he was captured by the Genoese in 1296. Marco dictated, and Rusticello wrote in French, a language Polo did not speak. Released in 1306, the result was intended purely for entertainment and became a real bestseller in the era before the invention of printing. In terms of historical accuracy, his status is much less stable. The original title of the book was "Il Milione", that is, "Million", for reasons we do not understand, although the people quickly renamed the book "Million Vrak", and Polo - by that time a rich man and a successful merchant - received the nickname "Mr. Million". Apparently, for the XIII century, such a name was catchy and easy to remember - like the modern "Miracle Book of Miracles". No original manuscript has survived. There is an opinion that it was Marco Polo who gave Italy ice cream and pasta. In fact, pasta was known in the Arab countries as early as the 1279th century, and dry pasta was mentioned in Genoa in 1929 - a quarter of a century before Polo, according to his own statement, returned to Italy. According to renowned culinary history expert Alan Davidson, the myth did not begin until XNUMX, when it was first mentioned in an American pasta trade magazine. Ice cream may well have been a Chinese invention, but it seems unlikely to us that its introduction in the West has anything to do with Polo, since no mention of it is found anywhere else until the middle of the XNUMXth century.
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